A1 (پایه)

egg

egg [noun] (FOOD)

a round object with a hard surface, that contains a baby bird, snake, insect etc and which is produced by a female bird, snake, insect etc

US /eɡ/ 
UK /eɡ/ 
egg - تخم مرغ

تخم‌ مرغ‌

مثال: 

Eggs are part of a healthy diet.

تخم مرغ قسمتی از رژیم سلامت است.

a round object with a hard surface, that contains a baby bird, snake, insect etc and which is produced by a female bird, snake, insect etc

egg - تخم مرغ
معادل فارسی: 

تخم‌ مرغ‌

مثال انگلیسی: 

Eggs are part of a healthy diet.

تخم مرغ قسمتی از رژیم سلامت است.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

egg

 noun

1 a round or oval (= almost round) object that has a baby bird, fish, insect or snake inside it:
The hen has laid an egg.

2 an egg that we eat, especially from a chicken:
a boiled egg

 

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

egg

I. egg1 S1 W2 /eɡ/ BrE AmE noun
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old Norse]
1. BIRD [countable] a round object with a hard surface, that contains a baby bird, snake, insect etc and which is produced by a female bird, snake, insect etc:
Blackbirds lay their eggs in March.
an ostrich egg
The eggs hatch (=break open to allow the baby out) in 26 days.
2.
FOOD [uncountable and countable] an egg, especially one from a chicken, that is used for food
fried/poached/boiled etc eggs
Joe always has bacon and egg for breakfast.
Whisk the egg white (=the white part) until stiff.
Beat in two of the egg yolks (=the yellow part). ⇨ scrambled egg
3. EGG SHAPE [countable] something the same shape as an egg:
a chocolate Easter egg ⇨ Easter egg
4. ANIMALS/PEOPLE [countable] a cell produced by a woman or female animal that combines with ↑sperm (=male cell) to make a baby SYN ovum
5. (have) egg on your face if someone, especially someone in authority, has egg on their face, they have been made to look stupid by something embarrassing:
The Pentagon’s been left with egg on its face.
6. put all your eggs in one basket to depend completely on one thing or one course of action in order to get success, so that you have no other plans if this fails:
When planning your investments, it’s unwise to put all your eggs in one basket.
7. lay an egg American English informal to fail or be unsuccessful at something that you are trying to do
8. good egg old-fashioned someone who you can depend on to be honest, kind etc
kill the goose that lays the golden egg at kill1(14), ⇨ nest egg

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

egg

 

egg [egg eggs egged egging] noun, verb   [eɡ]    [eɡ] 

 

noun

1. countable a small oval object with a thin hard shell produced by a female bird and containing a young bird; a similar object produced by a female fish, insect, etc
The female sits on the eggs until they hatch.
• The fish lay thousands of eggs at one time.

• crocodile eggs

2. countable, uncountable a bird's egg, especially one from a chicken, that is eaten as food
a boiled egg
bacon and eggs
fried/poached/scrambled eggs
Bind the mixture together with a little beaten egg.
You've got some egg on your shirt.
egg yolks/whites
egg noodles
ducks'/quails' eggs
a chocolate egg (= made from chocolate in the shape of an egg)

see also  Easter egg, Scotch egg

3. countable (in women and female animals) a cell that combines with a sperm to create a baby or young animal
Syn:  ovum
The male sperm fertilizes the female egg.
an egg donor
see also  nest egg 
more at a chicken-and-egg situation, problem, etc. at  chicken  n., the curate's egg at  curate, kill the goose that lays the golden eggs at  kill  v., you can't make an omelette without breaking eggs at  omelette, sure as eggs is eggs at  sure  adv., teach your grandmother to suck eggs at  teach  
Word Origin:
n. Middle English ey Old English ǣg Old Norse
v. Middle English Old Norse eggja ‘incite’
 
Collocations:
The living world
Animals
animals mate/breed/reproduce/feed (on sth)
fish/amphibians swim/spawn (= lay eggs)
birds fly/migrate/nest/sing
insects crawl/fly/bite/sting
insects/bees/locusts swarm
bees collect/gather nectar/pollen
spiders spin/weave a web
snakes/lizards shed their skins
bears/hedgehogs/frogs hibernate
insect larvae grow/develop/pupate
an egg/a chick/a larva hatches
attract/find/choose a mate
produce/release eggs/sperm
lay/fertilize/incubate/hatch eggs
inhabit a forest/a reef/the coast
mark/enter/defend (a) territory
stalk/hunt/capture/catch/kill prey
Plants and fungi
trees/plants grow/bloom/blossom/flower
a seed germinates/sprouts
leaves/buds/roots/shoots appear/develop/form
flower buds swell/open
a fungus grows/spreads/colonizes sth
pollinate/fertilize a flower/plant
produce/release/spread/disperse pollen/seeds/spores
produce/bear fruit
develop/grow/form roots/shoots/leaves
provide/supply/absorb/extract/release nutrients
perform/increase/reduce photosynthesis
Bacteria and viruses
bacteria/microbes/viruses grow/spread/multiply
bacteria/microbes live/thrive in/on sth
bacteria/microbes/viruses evolve/colonize sth/cause disease
bacteria break sth down/convert sth (into sth)
a virus enters/invades sth/the body
a virus mutates/evolves/replicates (itself)
be infected with/contaminated with/exposed to a new strain of a virus/drug-resistant bacteria
contain/carry/harbour (especially US) harbor bacteria/a virus
kill/destroy/eliminate harmful/deadly bacteria 
Example Bank:
Brush the pastry with a little beaten egg.
Crack two eggs into the mixture.
Many reptiles bury their eggs.
Many women conceive through the use of a donor egg.
Only one sperm fertilizes an egg.
Separate the eggs, putting the whites to one side.
She lays a clutch of four eggs on average.
The males stay and guard the eggs.
We're just decorating eggs for the egg hunt.
a breakfast of bacon and eggs
Idioms: good egg  have egg on over your face  put all your eggs in one basket

Derived: egg somebody on 

 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition

egg     / eɡ /   noun   (FOOD) 
  
    A1   [ C  or  U ]   the oval object with a hard shell that is produced by female birds, especially chickens, eaten as food:  
  a hard-boiled/soft-boiled egg 
  How do you like your eggs - fried or boiled? 
      [ C ]   an object that is made in the shape of a bird's egg:  
  a chocolate/marble egg 

egg     / eɡ /   noun   (REPRODUCTION) 
  
    B2   [ C ]   an oval object, often with a hard shell, that is produced by female birds and particular reptiles and insects, and contains a baby animal that comes out when it is developed:  
  The cuckoo  lays  her egg in another bird's nest. 
  After fourteen days the eggs  hatch . 
      [ C ]   a cell produced by a woman or female animal from which a baby can develop if it combines with a male sex cell:  
  Identical twins develop from a single fertilized egg that then splits into two. 

 
© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

egg

[e̱g]
 ♦♦
 eggs, egging, egged

 1) N-COUNT An egg is an oval object that is produced by a female bird and which contains a baby bird. Other animals such as reptiles and fish also lay eggs.
  ...a baby bird hatching from its egg.
  ...ant eggs.
 2) N-VAR In Western countries, eggs often means hen's eggs, eaten as food.
  Break the eggs into a shallow bowl and beat them lightly.
  ...bacon and eggs.
 3) N-COUNT: usu supp N Egg is used to refer to an object in the shape of a hen's egg.
  ...a chocolate egg.
 4) N-COUNT An egg is a cell that is produced in the bodies of female animals and humans. If it is fertilized by a sperm, a baby develops from it.
  It only takes one sperm to fertilize an egg.
 5) → See also Easter egg, nest egg, Scotch egg
 6) PHRASE: usu v PHR If someone puts all their eggs in one basket, they put all their effort or resources into doing one thing so that, if it fails, they have no alternatives left.
  The key word here is diversify; don't put all your eggs in one basket.
 7) PHRASE: face inflects, have/with PHR If someone has egg on their face or has egg all over their face, they have been made to look foolish.
  If they take this game lightly they could end up with egg on their faces.
 8) a chicken and egg situation 
 the goose that lay the golden egg
  Phrasal Verbs:
  - egg on

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1egg /ˈɛg/ noun, pl eggs
1 [count] : a hard-shelled oval thing from which a young bird is born
• The egg will hatch about 10 days after it is laid. also; : an oval or round thing from which a snake, frog, insect, etc., is born
2 : the egg of a bird (especially a chicken) eaten as food

[count]

• poached/fried/boiled eggs
• hard-boiled/soft-boiled eggs
• the smell of rotten eggs
• (US) scrambled eggs
• I bought a carton of eggs.
• (US) They served us bacon and eggs for breakfast. = (Brit) They served us eggs and bacon for breakfast.
• an Easter egg [=an egg that is specially decorated at Easter]

[noncount]

• (Brit) scrambled egg
• a batter made from flour and egg
egg white(s)/yolk
3 [count] biology : a cell that is produced by the female sexual organs and that combines with the male's sperm in reproduction
• The egg is fertilized by the sperm.
- called also ovum,
4 [count] : something that is shaped like a bird's egg
• a chocolate egg
bad egg informal + somewhat old-fashioned : someone who does bad things
• He was dishonest, but he was the only bad egg in the group.
curate's egg

egg on your face
✦If you have egg on your face you appear foolish, usually because something that you said would happen has not happened.
• The unexpected election result left a lot of journalists with egg on their faces.
good egg informal + somewhat old-fashioned : a likeable person
• I've known Jim for years. He's a good egg.
lay an egg US informal : to fail completely : to fail in a very obvious or embarrassing way
• He used to be a very popular star, but his last two movies have laid an egg.
put all your eggs in one basket
✦If you put all your eggs in one basket, you risk all you have on the success or failure of one thing (such as an investment), so that if something goes wrong you could lose everything.
• Investors should diversify their investments instead of putting all their eggs in one basket. [=instead of investing all their money in one company or one kind of company]
the goose that lays the golden egg

walk on egg

cheese

cheese [noun]

a solid food made from milk, which is usually yellow or white in colour, and can be soft or hard

US /tʃiːz/ 
UK /tʃiːz/ 
cheese - پنیر

پنير

مثال: 

Cut the cheese into cubes.

پنیر را به شکل مربع قطعه قطعه کن.

a solid food made from milk, which is usually yellow or white in colour, and can be soft or hard

cheese - پنیر
معادل فارسی: 

پنير

مثال انگلیسی: 

Cut the cheese into cubes.

پنیر را به شکل مربع قطعه قطعه کن.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

cheese

 noun
a yellow or white food made from milk:
bread and cheese

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

cheese

cheese S2 W3 /tʃiːz/ BrE AmE noun [uncountable and countable]
[Language: Old English; Origin: cese]

1. a solid food made from milk, which is usually yellow or white in colour, and can be soft or hard:
half a kilo of cheese
a cheese sandwich
Sprinkle with the grated cheese.
a selection of English cheeses
piece/bit/slice/lump etc of cheese
cow’s/goat’s/sheep’s cheese (=from the milk of a cow etc)
2. (say) cheese! spoken used to tell people to smile when you are going to take their photograph
⇨ big cheese, ⇨ chalk and cheese at chalk1(3)
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ phrases
a piece/bit of cheese Would you like a piece of cheese?
a slice of cheese Sue cut six thin slices of cheese.
a lump/hunk of cheese (=a large piece) We just had bread and a hunk of cheese for lunch.
a wedge of cheese (=a piece which is thin at one end and thick at the other) I bought a half pound wedge of cheese.
bread and cheese Lunch was bread and cheese.
cheese and biscuits After the meal we had coffee with cheese and biscuits.
cheese on toast (=melted cheese on toast) Would you like some cheese on toast?
■ adjectives
strong This is one of the strongest French cheeses.
mild (=without a strong taste) The cheese is mild and creamy.
hard cheese Use a hard cheese such as Cheddar for grating.
soft cheese (=that you can spread) Camembert is my favourite soft cheese.
grated cheese (=that has been cut into many small pieces using a special tool) Cover the vegetables with the grated cheese.
melted cheese Nachos are good with melted cheese.
goat's cheese (=made from goat's milk)
cream cheese (=a type of soft smooth white cheese)
cottage cheese (=a type of soft white cheese with small lumps in it)
blue cheese (=a type of cheese with blue lines in it and a strong taste)
processed cheese (=with substances added to preserve it)
■ verbs
grate cheese (=cut it into many small pieces using a special tool) Would you grate some cheese for me?
sprinkle cheese over/on something (=put small pieces of cheese over/on something) Sprinkle the cheese over the top.
top something with cheese (=put cheese on top of something) Top the potatoes with grated cheese.
■ cheese + NOUN
a cheese sandwich I'll make you a cheese sandwich.
a cheese omelette Lunch was a cheese omelette with salad.
(a) cheese sauce I made a cheese sauce to go with the pasta.
 

big cheese

ˌbig ˈcheese BrE AmE noun [countable] informal
[Date: 1900-2000; Origin: cheese probably from Urdu chiz 'thing', from Persian]
an important and powerful person in an organization – used humorously

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

cheese

 

cheese [cheese cheeses cheesed cheesing]   [tʃiːz]    [tʃiːz]  noun
1. uncountable, countable a type of food made from milk that can be either soft or hard and is usually white or yellow in colour; a particular type of this food
Cheddar cheese
goat's cheese (= made from the milk of a goat )
a cheese sandwich/salad
a chunk/piece/slice of cheese
a selection of French cheeses
a cheese knife (= a knife with a special curved blade with two points on the end, used for cutting and picking up pieces of cheese)
 

2. cheese! what you ask sb to say before you take their photograph
see a big cheese at  big  adj., chalk and cheese at  chalk  n., hard cheese at  hard  adj.  
Word Origin:
Old English cēse, cȳse, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch kaas and German Käse; from Latin caseus.  
Example Bank:
Cut the cheese into cubes.
• Sprinkle the cheese over the beans.

• Sprinkle the potatoes with grated cheese and grill for a few minutes.

 

(a) big cheese

 

a ˌbig ˈcheese idiom
(informal, humorous) an important and powerful person, especially in an organization

Main entry: bigidiom

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition

cheese     / tʃiz /   noun   [ C  or  U ]   
  
    A1     a food made from milk, that can be either firm or soft and is usually yellow or white in colour:  
  Would you like a slice/piece of cheese with your bread? 
  goat's  cheese 
  You need 250 grams of  grated  cheese for this recipe. 
  I like  soft  French cheeses such as Brie and Camembert. 
  I prefer  hard  cheeses, like cheddar. 
  cheese and biscuits 
  
 
© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

cheese

[tʃi͟ːz]
 ♦♦♦
 cheeses

 1) N-MASS Cheese is a solid food made from milk. It is usually white or yellow.

  ...bread and cheese.
  ...cheese sauce...
  He cut the mould off a piece of cheese.
  ...delicious French cheeses.
 2) PHRASE: N inflects Someone who has a very important job or position can be referred to as a big cheese. [INFORMAL]
  He is a big cheese in the Art Fraud Squad.
  ...big cheeses from the State Department.
 3) PHRASE: V inflects If someone tells you to say `cheese' when they are taking your photograph, they are indicating that they want you to smile.
 4) as different as chalk and cheese 

 

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

cheese

cheese /ˈʧiːz/ noun, pl chees·es : a yellow or white solid food that is made from milk

[noncount]

• a piece of cheese
• Sprinkle the casserole with cheese.
• grated/melted cheese

[count]

• imported cheeses
• a mild cheese
- often used before another noun
cheese sandwiches/omelets
• a cheese [=cheesy] sauce/spread
say cheese
✦If you say the word “cheese” in an exaggerated way, you look like you are smiling, so someone who is taking your photograph and wants you to smile will tell you to say cheese.

- see also big cheese

 

bean

bean [noun]

a seed or a pod (=case containing seeds), that comes from a climbing plant and is cooked as food. There are very many types of beans

US /biːn/ 
UK /biːn/ 
bean - لوبیا

لوبيا

مثال: 

Do you want a can of beans for lunch?

برای ناهار کنسرو لوبیا می خواهی؟

a seed or a pod (=case containing seeds), that comes from a climbing plant and is cooked as food. There are very many types of beans

لوبیا - bean
معادل فارسی: 

لوبيا

مثال انگلیسی: 

Do you want a can of beans for lunch?

برای ناهار کنسرو لوبیا می خواهی؟

Oxford Essential Dictionary

bean

 noun
a seed, or a seed container, that we use as food:
green beans
coffee beans

 

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

bean

I. bean1 S2 /biːn/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Language: Old English]

1. a seed or a ↑pod (=case containing seeds), that comes from a climbing plant and is cooked as food. There are very many types of beans.:
baked beans
Soak the beans overnight.
kidney beans
green beans
2. a plant that produces beans
3. a seed used in making some types of food or drinks:
coffee beans
cocoa beans
4. be full of beans informal to be very eager and full of energy:
She’s full of beans this morning.
5. not have a bean British English informal to have no money at all
6. not know/care beans (about somebody/something) American English informal to not know anything or care at all about someone or something
spill the beans at spill1(3), ⇨ not amount to a hill of beans at hill(5), ⇨ jelly bean

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

bean

 

bean [bean beans] noun, verb   [biːn]    [biːn] 

 

noun
1. a seed, or pod containing seeds, of a climbing plant, eaten as a vegetable. There are several types of bean and the plants that they grow on are also called beans
broad beans
• runner beans

• beans (= baked beans ) on toast

2. (usually in compounds) a seed from a coffee plant, or some other plants
coffee/cocoa beans
see also  jelly bean 
more at a hill of beans at  hill, not know beans about sth at  know  v., spill the beans at  spill  v.  
Word Origin:
Old English bēan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch boon and German Bohne.  
Example Bank:
She grows her own broad beans.
• baked beans on toast

Idioms: full of life  not have a bean 

 
Word Origin:
Old English bēan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch boon and German Bohne.

 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition

bean     / bin /   noun   [ C ]   
  
    A1     a seed, or the pod containing seeds, of various climbing plants, eaten as a vegetable:  
  green beans 
  kidney beans 
  baked beans 
  Coffee beans are the bean-like seeds of the coffee tree. 

 
© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

bean

[bi͟ːn]
 ♦♦♦
 beans

 1) N-COUNT: usu pl, usu adj N Beans such as green beans, french beans, or broad beans are the seeds of a climbing plant or the long thin cases which contain those seeds.
 2) N-COUNT: usu pl, usu n N Beans such as soya beans and kidney beans are the dried seeds of a bean plant.
 3) N-COUNT: usu pl, usu n N Beans such as coffee beans or cocoa beans are the seeds of plants that are used to produce coffee, cocoa, and chocolate.
 4) N-COUNT Beans are baked beans.
  ...sausage and beans.
 5) N-SING If someone has not got a bean, they have no money at all. [BRIT, INFORMAL]
  It's quite incredible to think that he now hasn't got a bean...
  It doesn't cost a bean.
  Syn:
  penny
 6) PHRASE: v-link PHR If someone is full of beans, they are very lively and have a lot of energy and enthusiasm.
  Jem was full of beans after a long sleep.
 7) PHRASE: V inflects If you spill the beans, you tell someone something that people have been trying to keep secret.

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1bean /ˈbiːn/ noun, pl beans [count]
1 a : a seed that is eaten as a vegetable and that comes from any one of many different kinds of climbing plants
• We ate rice and beans for dinner.
b : a part of a plant that contains very young seeds and that is eaten as a vegetable - see also green bean, pole bean, snap bean, string bean, wax bean
c : a plant that produces beans
• We're growing tomatoes and beans in our garden this year.
2 : a seed that looks like a bean but that does not come from a climbing plant
• coffee beans
• cocoa beans
• a vanilla bean
- see also jelly bean, jumping bean
a hill of beans
full of beans informal
1 : full of energy and life
• We were young and full of beans.
• Although she's much older now, she's still full of beans.
2 US : not correct or truthful : full of nonsense
• If that's what he's been saying, then he's full of beans.
not know beans about US informal : to not know anything about (something)
• He doesn't know beans about computers. [=he knows nothing about computers]
spill the beans informal : to reveal secret information
• I tried to get him to tell me what he knew, but he refused to spill the beans.

doctor

doctor [noun] (MEDICINE)

Someone who is trained to treat people who are ill

US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ/ 
UK /ˈdɒk.tər/ 
doctor - پزشک

 

دکتر, پزشک

مثال: 

She took her son to the doctor last night.

او دیشب پسرش را پیش دکتر برد.

Someone who is trained to treat people who are ill

doctor - پزشک
معادل فارسی: 

دکتر, پزشک

مثال انگلیسی: 

She took her son to the doctor last night.

او دیشب پسرش را پیش دکتر برد.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

doctor

 noun When you write 'Doctor' as part of a person's name the short form is Dr.

1 a person whose job is to make sick people well again:
Doctor Waters sees patients every morning.

speaking
When we talk about visiting the doctor, we say go to the doctor's: If you're feeling ill you should go to the doctor's.

2 a person who has the highest degree from a university

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

doctor

I. doctor1 S1 W1 /ˈdɒktə $ ˈdɑːktər/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: doctour, from Latin doctor 'teacher', from docere 'to teach']

1. (written abbreviation Dr) someone who is trained to treat people who are ill ⇨ GP:
She was treated by her local doctor.
I’d like to make an appointment to see Dr Pugh.
the doctor’s informal (=the place where your doctor works)
‘Where’s Sandy today?’ ‘I think she’s at the doctor’s.’
2. someone who holds the highest level of degree given by a university ⇨ doctoral:
a Doctor of Law
3. be just what the doctor ordered informal to be exactly what someone needs or wants:
A 2–0 victory is just what the doctor ordered.
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
go to the doctor I’d been having bad headaches so I went to the doctor.
see a doctor (also visit a doctor American English) (=go to the doctor) Have you seen a doctor about it yet?
ask a doctor (also consult a doctor formal) If you have any of these symptoms, you should consult a doctor.
call a doctor (=telephone one, especially to ask them to come to you) His mother was very worried and called the doctor.
get a doctor (=arrange for one to come to you) In the middle of the night we decided to get the doctor.
a doctor examines somebody The doctor examined her and said she had a chest infection.
a doctor prescribes something (=writes an order for medicine for someone) My doctor prescribed a course of antibiotics.
a doctor diagnoses flu/depression etc (=says what illness someone has) The doctor diagnosed malaria.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + doctor
a family doctor (=who treats all the members of a family) We’ve had the same family doctor for fifteen years.
sb’s local doctor (=working near where you live) You should go and see your local doctor.
a hospital doctor British English (=working in a hospital) Junior hospital doctors have to work very long hours.
• • •
THESAURUS
doctor someone who treats people who are ill, who has completed a long course of study at medical school: If you have bad chest pains, you should see a doctor.
GP British English a doctor who is trained in general medicine and who treats the people who live in a local area: My GP told me that I must lose weight.
physician /fəˈzɪʃən, fɪˈzɪʃən/ formal especially American English a doctor: the American physician, Dr James Tyler Kent
quack informal someone who pretends to be a doctor: My father felt that people practicing alternative medicine were just a bunch of quacks.
the medical profession doctors and nurses considered as a group: This view is widely accepted among the medical profession.
surgeon /ˈsɜːdʒən $ ˈsɜːr-/ a doctor who does operations in a hospital: One of the world’s top heart surgeons performed the operation.
specialist a doctor with special knowledge about a particular illness, part of the body, or type of treatment: The new drug is being tested by cancer specialists. | an eye specialist
consultant British English a very senior doctor in a hospital, with a lot of knowledge about a particular area of medicine: The consultant said that he did not think it was cancer.
paramedic someone who has been trained to treat sick or injured people, especially at the scene of an accident: Paramedics treated him for shock.
vet (also veterinarian especially American English) a doctor who treats animals: We took the cat to the vet.
paediatrician British English, pediatrician American English a doctor who treats children who are sick
gynaecologist British English, gynecologist American English a doctor who treats medical conditions and illnesses that affect women’s bodies
obstetrician a doctor who deals with the birth of children
radiographer someone whose job is to take ↑X-rays or to treat people using an X-ray machine
■ a doctor who treats mental illness
psychiatrist /saɪˈkaɪətrəst, saɪˈkaɪətrɪst $ sə-/ a doctor who is trained to treat people with mental illnesses: In order to become a psychiatrist, you first need a medical degree.
psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒəst, saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst $ -ˈkɑː-/ a scientist who studies and is trained in ↑psychology (=the study of the mind): Many psychologists believe that aggression is a learned behaviour.
shrink informal a humorous word for a ↑psychiatrist
therapist a trained person whose job is to help people with their emotional problems, especially by talking to them and asking them to talk about their feelings
■ someone who is studying to be a doctor
medical student a student who is studying medicine in order to be a doctor: James is a medical student at Edinburgh university.
intern American English a student who has almost finished studying to be a doctor, and who is working in a hospital

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

doctor

doc·tor [doctor doctors doctored doctoring] noun, verb   [ˈdɒktə(r)]    [ˈdɑːktər] 

noun (abbr. Dr)
1. a person who has been trained in medical science, whose job is to treat people who are ill/sick or injured
You'd better see a doctor about that cough.

• Doctor Staples (= as a title/form of address)

2. doctor's a place where a doctor sees patients

• an appointment at the doctor's

3. a person who has received the highest university degree
• a Doctor of Philosophy/Law

• Doctor Franks (= as a title/form of address)

4. (especially NAmE) used as a title or form of address for a dentist  
Word Origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘learned person’ and ‘Doctor of the Church’): via Old French from Latin doctor ‘teacher’ (from docere ‘teach’).  
Thesaurus:
doctor noun
1. C
I think you should go to the doctor about that cough.
surgeonparamedicnurse|BrE GP|AmE internist|informal medic|especially AmE, formal physician
see a doctor/the surgeon/a nurse/your GP/your internist/a medic/a physician
call a doctor/the paramedics/your GP/a medic/a physician
a doctor/paramedic/surgeon/GP/physician treats sb
a doctor/surgeon/GP/physician examines sb
2. doctor's C, usually sing. (especially spoken)
I have an appointment at the doctor's tomorrow.
BrE surgeryhealth centre|AmE doctor's officeclinic
at the doctor's/surgery/health centre/doctor's office/clinic 
Example Bank:
He left the hospital against doctor's orders.
The doctor advised me to rest.
The doctor will see you now.
We called the doctor immediately.
Who is your family doctor?
You should register with a doctor as soon as possible.
doctors who practise from home
Why won't he go to the doctor?
You'd better see a doctor about that cough.
• a hospital doctor

Idiom: just what the doctor ordered 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

doctor (EDUCATION) /ˈdɒk.təʳ/ US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ/
noun [C] (WRITTEN ABBREVIATION Dr)
a person who has the highest degree from a college or university

doctoral /ˈdɒk.tər.əl/ US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ-/
adjective [before noun]
a doctoral dissertation

doctorate /ˈdɒk.tər.ət/ US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ-/
noun [C]
the highest degree from a university:
She has a doctorate in physics from Norwich.

doctor (MEDICINE) /ˈdɒk.təʳ/ US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ/
noun [C]
1 (WRITTEN ABBREVIATION Dr) a person with a medical degree whose job is to treat people who are ill or hurt:
The doctor prescribed some pills.
You should see a doctor about that cough.
[as form of address] Good morning, Doctor Smith/Doctor.

2 the doctor's the place where the doctor works:
He went to the doctor's this morning for a checkup.

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

doctor

/dɒktə(r)/
(doctors, doctoring, doctored)

Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.

1.
A doctor is someone who is qualified in medicine and treats people who are ill.
Do not discontinue the treatment without consulting your doctor...
Doctor Paige will be here right after lunch to see her.
N-COUNT; N-TITLE; N-VOC

2.
A dentist or veterinarian can also be called doctor. (AM)
N-COUNT; N-TITLE; N-VOC

3.
The doctor’s is used to refer to the surgery or office where a doctor works.
I have an appointment at the doctors.
N-COUNT: usu sing, the N

4.
A doctor is someone who has been awarded the highest academic or honorary degree by a university.
He is a doctor of philosophy.
N-COUNT; N-TITLE

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1doc·tor /ˈdɑːktɚ/ noun, pl -tors [count]
✦The abbreviation Dr. is usually used in writing when doctor is being used as a title for a specific person.
• I have an appointment with Dr. Brown.
1 a : a person who is skilled in the science of medicine : a person who is trained and licensed to treat sick and injured people
• I think you should see a doctor. [=physician]
• He needed medicine but refused to go to a doctor.
• a visit to the doctor's office = a doctor's visit
• She was under doctor's orders not to return to work.
• Most of her money goes to paying doctors' bills. [=bills for visits to doctors and medical treatment]
b the doctor or the doctor's : the place where a doctor works
• I saw her at the doctor's last week.
• How long will you be at the doctor?
2 US
a : a dentist - used chiefly as a title or as a form of address
• My dentist is Dr. Smith.
b : a person who is trained to treat sick and injured animals : veterinarian
• an animal doctor
- used chiefly as a title or as a form of address
• We took our dog to Dr. Jones.
3 : a person who has the highest degree (such as a PhD) given by a university
• Most of the faculty members at this college are doctors in their fields.
• a Doctor of Philosophy
Dr. Smith, can you explain the exam requirements again?
just what the doctor ordered informal : exactly what is wanted or needed
• A day at the beach was just what the doctor ordered.

TV

TV [noun]

Television

US /ˌtiːˈviː/ 
UK /ˌtiːˈviː/ 
TV - تلویزیون

تلویزیون

مثال: 

Who ​turned the TV on?

چه کسی تلویزیون را روشن کرد؟

Television

TV - تلویزیون
معادل فارسی: 

تلویزیون

مثال انگلیسی: 

Who ​turned the TV on?

چه کسی تلویزیون را روشن کرد؟

Oxford Essential Dictionary

TV

 abbreviation short for television:
All rooms have a bathroom and colour TV.

 

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

TV

TV S2 W2 /ˌtiː ˈviː◂/ BrE AmE noun [uncountable and countable]
television
on TV
I watched the film on TV.
TV series/programme/show/station/channel etc
a TV series based on the novel
cable/satellite TV
a new TV set.
He’s the top TV presenter for children’s programmes.
• • •
THESAURUS
television/TV noun [uncountable and countable] the piece of electronic equipment shaped like a box on which you can watch programmes, or the programmes that are broadcast using this. In everyday English, people usually say TV: Sometimes I don’t feel like doing anything except watching television. | A lot of people use the Internet for watching TV. | Can you turn on the television? | the TV Guide in the newspaper | There's nothing good on the TV. | Our TV set (=television)isn't working properly.
the box/the telly British English (also the tube American English) noun [singular] informal a television, or the programmes that are broadcast on television: Can you turn the telly down a bit? | What’s on the box tonight? | There's nothing good on the tube.
satellite television (also satellite TV) noun [uncountable] television programmes that are broadcast using ↑satellites in space, and which you need a special piece of equipment to be able to watch: Do you have satellite TV at home? | You can watch the game on satellite television. | a satellite dish (=the round thing that you put on your roof or the wall of your house in order to receive satellite television signals)
terrestrial television television that is not broadcast by satellite or cable: The company has secured the rights to broadcast the Championship on terrestrial television.
cable television (also cable TV, cable) noun [uncountable] television programmes that are broadcast by ↑cable (=tubes containing wires that carry television pictures): The program was first shown on cable.
digital television (also digital TV, digital) noun [uncountable] programmes that are broadcast using ↑digital signals, with more choice and better quality pictures than ordinary television: The switchover to digital TV will take place between 2010 and 2012.
widescreen television (also widescreen TV) noun [countable] a television that is much wider than it is high, and wider than an ordinary television. Widescreen televisions are used for programmes that are broadcast using ↑digital signals: There was a massive widescreen TV in the living room. | Widescreen TV is good for watching films.

satellite television

ˌsatellite ˈtelevision BrE AmE (also ˌsatellite TˈV) noun [uncountable]
television programmes that are broadcast using satellites in space, and which you need a special piece of equipment to be able to watch

television

television S1 W1 /ˈteləˌvɪʒən, ˈtelɪˌvɪʒən, ˌteləˈvɪʒən/ BrE AmE noun
[Date: 1900-2000; Language: French; Origin: télévision, from télé- 'tele-' + vision]
1. [countable] (also television set formal) a piece of electronic equipment shaped like a box with a screen, on which you can watch programmes SYN TV:
Lucy turned on the television to watch the evening news.
They have a television in every room.
REGISTER
In everyday English, people usually say TV rather than television:
▪ What's on TV tonight?
2. [uncountable] the programmes broadcast in this way SYN TV:
In the evenings I like to relax and watch television.
3. on (the) television broadcast or being broadcast on television:
What’s on television tonight?
4. [uncountable] the business of making and broadcasting programmes on television SYN TV
in television
Jean works in television.
a television film crew
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
watch television Mum was in the lounge watching television.
see/watch something on television She saw the race on television.
turn/switch the television on/off I switched off the television and went to bed.
turn the television up/down (=make it louder or quieter) Rory had turned the television up so loud that the people next door complained.
■ television + NOUN
a television show/programme Her favourite television programme was just starting.
a television series (=a set of programmes with the same characters or subject, broadcast every day or every week) He starred in the popular television series, ‘Friends’.
a television film/movie (=a film that has been made to be shown on television, not in a cinema) Ford appeared in several television movies.
a television documentary a television documentary about an important public issue
the television news There was nothing about it on the television news.
a television screen Bella’s eyes were fixed on the television screen.
a television presenter British English a well-known television presenter
a television reporter/journalist Grant was interviewed by a BBC television journalist.
a television producer a BBC television producer
a television director He’s a very successful television director.
a television (film) crew A television crew were allowed to film the meeting.
a television actor/actress Peebles is best known as a television actor.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + television
live television The accident was shown on live television.
national television The President went on national television to appeal for calm.
satellite/cable television They have a dish for satellite television.
digital television the switchover to digital television
terrestrial television British English (=television that is not broadcast using a satellite or cable) Many of these matches are not available on terrestrial television.
high definition/HD television high definition television channels
a widescreen television Widescreen televisions are getting more popular, especially in home cinema systems.
a plasma/LCD television Each hotel room has a minibar and plasma television.
a flat screen television a buyer’s guide to the latest flat screen televisions
a colour television a 32 inch colour television
a black-and-white television They had an old black and white television in the garage.
■ COMMON ERRORS
► Do not say 'see/watch something in television'. Say see/watch something on television.
• • •
THESAURUS
television/TV noun [uncountable and countable] the piece of electronic equipment shaped like a box on which you can watch programmes, or the programmes that are broadcast using this. In everyday English, people usually say TV: Sometimes I don’t feel like doing anything except watching television. | A lot of people use the Internet for watching TV. | Can you turn on the television? | the TV Guide in the newspaper | There's nothing good on the TV. | Our TV set (=television)isn't working properly.
the box/the telly British English (also the tube American English) noun [singular] informal a television, or the programmes that are broadcast on television: Can you turn the telly down a bit? | What’s on the box tonight? | There's nothing good on the tube.
satellite television (also satellite TV) noun [uncountable] television programmes that are broadcast using ↑satellites in space, and which you need a special piece of equipment to be able to watch: Do you have satellite TV at home? | You can watch the game on satellite television. | a satellite dish (=the round thing that you put on your roof or the wall of your house in order to receive satellite television signals)
terrestrial television television that is not broadcast by satellite or cable: The company has secured the rights to broadcast the Championship on terrestrial television.
cable television (also cable TV, cable) noun [uncountable] television programmes that are broadcast by ↑cable (=tubes containing wires that carry television pictures): The program was first shown on cable.
digital television (also digital TV, digital) noun [uncountable] programmes that are broadcast using ↑digital signals, with more choice and better quality pictures than ordinary television: The switchover to digital TV will take place between 2010 and 2012.
widescreen television (also widescreen TV) noun [countable] a television that is much wider than it is high, and wider than an ordinary television. Widescreen televisions are used for programmes that are broadcast using ↑digital signals: There was a massive widescreen TV in the living room. | Widescreen TV is good for watching films.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

TV

TV [TV]   [ˌtiː ˈviː]    [ˌtiː ˈviː]  noun countable, uncountable
television
What's on TV tonight?
We're buying a new TV with the money.
Almost all homes have at least one TV set.
All rooms have a bathroom and colour TV.
a TV series/show/programme
satellite/cable/digital TV
She's a highly paid TV presenter.

see also  pay TV  
Collocations:
Television
Watching
watch television/TV/a show/(BrE) a programme/(NAmE) a program/a documentary/a pilot/a rerun/a repeat
see (especially BrE) an ad/(especially NAmE) a commercial/the news/the weather
catch/miss a show/a programme/a program/an episode/the news
pick up/reach for/grab the remote (control)
change/switch channel
surf (through)/ (especially NAmE) flip through/ (especially BrE) flick through the channels
sit in front of/switch on/switch off/turn on/turn off the television/the TV/the TV set
have/install satellite (TV)/cable (TV)/a satellite dish
Showing
show a programme/a documentary/an ad/a commercial
screen a programme/a documentary
run an ad/a commercial
broadcast/ (especially NAmE) air/repeat a show/a programme/a documentary/an episode/a series
go out/air/be recorded live
attract/draw (in)/pull (in) viewers
be a hit with viewers/audiences/critics
get (low/high) ratings
Appearing
be on/appear on television/TV/a TV show
take part in a phone-in/a game show/a quiz show/a reality TV show
host a show/a programme/series/a game show/a quiz show/a talk show/(BrE) a chat show
be/become/work as a (BrE) TV presenter/talk-show host/sports commentator/anchorman/(BrE) newsreader
read/present the news
appear/perform live (on TV)
Programme-making
do/film/make a show/a programme/a documentary/an episode/a pilot/a series/an ad/a commercial
work on a soap (opera)/a pilot (episode)/a sitcom

write/produce a drama/sitcom/spin-off/comedy series

television

tele·vi·sion [television televisions]   [ˈtelɪvɪʒn]    [ˈtelɪvɪʒn]  noun (abbr. TV)
1. (also ˈtelevision set) (also BrE informal telly) countable a piece of electrical equipment with a screen on which you can watch programmes with moving pictures and sounds
a colour television
a widescreen television
a plasma screen television

• to turn the television on/off

2. (also BrE informal telly) uncountable the programmes broadcast on television

• We don't do much in the evenings except watch television.

3. uncountable the system, process or business of broadcasting television programmes
satellite/terrestrial/cable/digital television
the television news
a television documentary
a television company/presenter
I'd like to work in television (= for a television company).
see also  cable television, closed-circuit television
Idiom: on television
See also: on TV  on the telly  telly  
Word Origin:
early 20th cent.: from tele-  ‘at a distance’ + vision.  
Collocations:
Television
Watching
watch television/TV/a show/(BrE) a programme/(NAmE) a program/a documentary/a pilot/a rerun/a repeat
see (especially BrE) an ad/(especially NAmE) a commercial/the news/the weather
catch/miss a show/a programme/a program/an episode/the news
pick up/reach for/grab the remote (control)
change/switch channel
surf (through)/ (especially NAmE) flip through/ (especially BrE) flick through the channels
sit in front of/switch on/switch off/turn on/turn off the television/the TV/the TV set
have/install satellite (TV)/cable (TV)/a satellite dish
Showing
show a programme/a documentary/an ad/a commercial
screen a programme/a documentary
run an ad/a commercial
broadcast/ (especially NAmE) air/repeat a show/a programme/a documentary/an episode/a series
go out/air/be recorded live
attract/draw (in)/pull (in) viewers
be a hit with viewers/audiences/critics
get (low/high) ratings
Appearing
be on/appear on television/TV/a TV show
take part in a phone-in/a game show/a quiz show/a reality TV show
host a show/a programme/series/a game show/a quiz show/a talk show/(BrE) a chat show
be/become/work as a (BrE) TV presenter/talk-show host/sports commentator/anchorman/(BrE) newsreader
read/present the news
appear/perform live (on TV)
Programme-making
do/film/make a show/a programme/a documentary/an episode/a pilot/a series/an ad/a commercial
work on a soap (opera)/a pilot (episode)/a sitcom
write/produce a drama/sitcom/spin-off/comedy series 
Example Bank:
Millions watched the events on live television.
She recalled her first television appearance forty years ago.
She works in television.
The Olympics receive extensive television coverage.
The children watched television for most of the evening.
The state television screened pictures of the trial.
The trial was broadcast by local television.
• We were watching the news on television.

• a television adaptation of the popular novel

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

TV

TV /ˌtiːˈviː/
noun [C or U]
ABBREVIATION FOR television:
We ate in front of (= while watching) the TV.
What's on TV tonight?
You watch too much TV!
TV personalities

television

television /ˈtel.ɪ.vɪʒ.ən/ /ˌ--ˈ--/ US /-ə-/
noun [C or U] (ALSO TV, UK INFORMAL telly)
a box-like device with a screen which receives electrical signals and changes them into moving images and sound, or the method or business of sending images and sound by electrical signals:
a colour/black-and-white television
Could you turn the television down?
It's one of the few television programmes that I always make a point of watching.
Is there anything interesting on television tonight?
Clare has worked in television since she left college.
Your problem is that you watch too much television.

televisual /ˌtel.ɪˈvɪʒ.u.əl/ US /-ə-/
adjective MAINLY UK
relating to television:
the televisual age
an interesting televisual experience

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

TV

/ti: vi:/
(TVs)

Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.

TV means the same as television.
The TV was on...
I prefer going to the cinema to watching TV.
...a TV commercial.
 

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

TV

TV /ˈtiːˈviː/ noun, pl TVs : television

[count]

• unplug the TV
• We need a new TV.

[noncount]

• Do you want to watch some TV before bed?
• She works in TV.
- often used before another noun
• a TV host/set/show
on TV : broadcast by television : being shown by television
• There's nothing (good) on TV [=on television] tonight.

study

study [verb] (LEARN)

To learn about a subject at school, university etc

US /ˈstʌd.i/ 
UK /ˈstʌd.i/ 
study - مطالعه کردن

مطالعه‌ كردن‌، خواندن‌ (با دقت‌)

مثال: 

Richard studied ​engineering at Manchester University.

ریچارد در دانشگاه منچسترتحصیل کرده است.

To learn about a subject at school, university etc

study - درس خواندن
معادل فارسی: 

مطالعه‌ كردن‌، خواندن‌ (با دقت‌)

مثال انگلیسی: 

Richard studied ​engineering at Manchester University.

ریچارد در دانشگاه منچسترتحصیل کرده است.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

study

 verb (studies, studying, studied /, has studied)

1 to spend time learning about something:
He studied French at university.

2 to look at something carefully:
We must study the map before we leave.

 noun (plural studies)

1 the activity of learning about something:
He's doing a course in Business Studies.
Biology is the study of living things.

2 a room in a house where you go to study, read or write

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

study

I. study1 S2 W3 /ˈstʌdi/ BrE AmE noun (plural studies)
[Word Family: noun: ↑student, ↑study, ↑studiousness; adjective: ↑studious, ↑studied; verb: ↑study; adverb: ↑studiously]
[Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: estudie, from Latin studium 'mental effort, eagerness, study', from studere 'to be eager, try to be helpful, study']
1. RESEARCH [countable] a piece of work that is done to find out more about a particular subject or problem, and usually includes a written report:
Recent studies show that women still get paid a lot less than men.
study of/into/on
a study of Australian wild birds
The study was carried out between January and May 2008. ⇨ ↑case study
2. LEARNING [uncountable] when you spend time learning, especially at home or by yourself rather than during school:
Set aside a period of time specifically for study.
ways to improve study skills (=skills that help you study efficiently and be successful in school)
3. SUBJECT [uncountable] (also studies [plural])
a subject that people study at a college or university
study of
Linguistics is the study of language.
Environmental Studies
literary/historical/scientific etc study
the scientific study of earthquakes
4. sb’s studies the work that someone does in order to learn about a particular subject, especially the courses they take at a college or university:
How are your studies coming along?
begin/continue/stop etc your studies
I gave up my studies when I had the baby.
5. CAREFUL CONSIDERATION [uncountable] when you examine or consider something very carefully and in detail:
a report that deserves careful study
6. ROOM [countable] a room in a house that is used for work or study ⇨ office
7. ART [countable] a small detailed drawing, especially one that is done to prepare for a large painting:
Renoir’s studies of small plants and flowers
8. MUSIC [countable] a piece of music, usually for piano, that is often intended for practice
9. make a study of something to try to find out more about a subject
10. be a study in something literary to be a perfect example of something:
His face was a study in fear.
11. a quick study American English someone who learns things quickly
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
do a study/carry out a study (also conduct a study formal) The scientists are carrying out a study into the effects of global warming.
a study finds something The study found that men were more likely to take risks.
a study shows something Studies have shown that the drug works.
a study suggests/indicates something A British study suggests that older drivers are safer drivers.
a study reveals something (=shows something, especially something surprising) A recent study revealed that 74% of donuts are bought on impulse.
a study confirms something (=shows that something is true) The study confirms what we all know – smoking is also bad for the people around you.
a study aims to do something The study aimed to identify the housing needs of local people.
publish a study The study was published in the British Medical Journal.
fund a study (=pay for it) The study was funded by a major US drugs company.
commission a study (=ask someone to carry out a study) The government has commissioned a study into the health of residents living near the power station.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + study
a research study Research studies have found that young people are drinking no more than they were 20 years ago.
a detailed study (also an in-depth study) They carried out a detailed study into the effects of the disease on mice.
a two-year/three-month etc study They are engaged in a five-year study into the effects of calcium on bone health.
a huge/massive study The journal published the results of a massive study of 87,000 women.
a previous/earlier study The report is a summary of the work done in earlier studies.
a pilot study (=one done to find out if something will be successful) The government has just completed a pilot study, with some encouraging results.
a feasibility study (=one done to find out if something is possible or practical) They commissioned a feasibility study into re-opening the whole railway line.
■ phrases
the aims of a study The aims of this study are to examine the reliability of current techniques.
the results/findings of a study The results of this study suggest that the drug is effective in over 80% of cases. | His research confirmed the findings of earlier studies.
• • •
THESAURUS
research noun [uncountable] careful detailed work that is done in order to find out more about a subject, especially as a part of a scientific or academic project: Billions of dollars have been spent on research into the causes and treatment of cancer. | The University has for a long time been a leading centre for research in this field.
work noun [uncountable] the studies that have been done on a particular subject: Faraday is famous for his work on electricity. | A lot of work has been done on hydrogen-powered cars. | Their work had an enormous influence on the study of genetics.
study noun [countable] a piece of work in which someone examines a particular subject in order to find out more about it, and writes about what they have found: The study showed that 25 percent of adults do not eat breakfast at all, compared with 14 percent in 1961. | Recent studies suggest that our sense of smell is closely linked with the part of the brain that deals with memory.
experiment noun [countable] a scientific test in order to find out what happens when you do something: They carried out a series of experiments (=they did a series of experiments) in order to try to prove their theory. | Experiments have shown that there is an increased risk of some forms of cancer.
II. study2 S2 W2 BrE AmE verb (past tense and past participle studied, present participle studying, third person singular studies)
[Word Family: noun: ↑student, ↑study, ↑studiousness; adjective: ↑studious, ↑studied; verb: ↑study; adverb: ↑studiously]
1. [intransitive and transitive] to learn about a subject at school, university etc:
I’ve been studying English for six years.
I can’t study with that music playing all the time.
study law/business/history etc (=study a subject at a school or university)
Anna is studying French literature.
study at a university/school etc
Stephen is currently studying at Exeter University.
study to be a doctor/lawyer etc
My brother’s studying to be an accountant.
study for an exam/diploma etc
I’ve only got three weeks left to study for my exams.
study under somebody (=be trained by a famous teacher)
a psychologist who studied under Jung in Zurich
2. [transitive] to try to find out more about a subject or problem, using scientific methods:
Goodall was studying the behavior of chimpanzees in the wild.
The scientists were studying the action of a protein called ubiquitin.
study how/what/why etc
They’re studying how stress affects body chemistry.
3. [transitive] to look at something carefully SYN look at:
She studied his face.
They got out of the car and studied the map.
I haven’t had time to study the proposals yet.
• • •
THESAURUS
study verb [intransitive and transitive] to learn about a subject at school, university etc: If you study hard, you’ll get a good job. | He studied law at Harvard University.
take verb [transitive] to study a subject that you have chosen at school, college etc: What classes are you taking next semester? | In my final year, I decided to take English and economics.
do verb [transitive] British English informal to study a particular subject at school or university: I can’t decide whether to do German or Spanish next year. | Did you do computing at school?
major in something phrasal verb American English to study something as your main subject at a college or university: Diane majored in psychology at the University of Washington.
revise verb [intransitive] British English to study to prepare for an examination: It’s best to start revising early. | He’s revising for his final exams.
cram verb [intransitive] informal to study very hard and try to learn a lot of information just before an examination: Everyone’s cramming for their final exams.
do research to study something in a very detailed way, especially in order to discover new information about it: He does research at Oxford University. | I’m doing research into second language learning. | It’s difficult to do research on humans.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

study

study [study studies studied studying] noun, verb   [ˈstʌdi]    [ˈstʌdi] 

 

noun (pl. studies) 

ACTIVITY OF LEARNING
1. uncountable the activity of learning or gaining knowledge, either from books or by examining things in the world
a room set aside for private study
academic/literary/scientific, etc. study
It is important to develop good study skills.

Physiology is the study of how living things work.

2. studies plural (formal) a particular person's learning activities, for example at a college or university

to continue your studies  

 

ACADEMIC SUBJECT

3. studies uncountable + singular or plural verb used in the names of some academic subjects

business/media/American studies  

 

DETAILED EXAMINATION

4. uncountable the act of considering or examining sth in detail

These proposals deserve careful study.

5. countable a piece of research that examines a subject or question in detail
to make/carry out/conduct a study
This study shows/confirms/suggests that…
a detailed study of how animals adapt to their environment
scientific studies of fishing grounds and methods of fishing

see also  case study  

 

ROOM

6. countable a room, especially in sb's home, used for reading and writing  

ART
7. countable a drawing or painting of sth, especially one done for practice or before doing a larger picture
a study of Chartres Cathedral

a nude study  

MUSIC

 

8. (BrE) (also étude NAmE, BrE) countable a piece of music designed to give a player practice in technical skills  

PERFECT EXAMPLE
9. singular ~ (in sth) (formal) a perfect example of sth
His face was a study in concentration.
see in a brown study at  brown  adj.  
Word Origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French estudie (noun), estudier (verb), both based on Latin studium ‘zeal, painstaking application’.  
Collocations:
Scientific research
Theory
formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis
build/construct/create/develop a simple/theoretical/mathematical model
develop/establish/provide/use a theoretical/conceptual framework
advance/argue/develop the thesis that…
explore an idea/a concept/a hypothesis
make a prediction/an inference
base a prediction/your calculations on sth
investigate/evaluate/accept/challenge/reject a theory/hypothesis/model
Experiment
design an experiment/a questionnaire/a study/a test
do research/an experiment/an analysis
make observations/measurements/calculations
carry out/conduct/perform an experiment/a test/a longitudinal study/observations/clinical trials
run an experiment/a simulation/clinical trials
repeat an experiment/a test/an analysis
replicate a study/the results/the findings
observe/study/examine/investigate/assess a pattern/a process/a behaviour/(especially US) a behavior
fund/support the research/project/study
seek/provide/get/secure funding for research
Results
collect/gather/extract data/information
yield data/evidence/similar findings/the same results
analyse/examine the data/soil samples/a specimen
consider/compare/interpret the results/findings
fit the data/model
confirm/support/verify a prediction/a hypothesis/the results/the findings
prove a conjecture/hypothesis/theorem
draw/make/reach the same conclusions
read/review the records/literature
describe/report an experiment/a study
present/publish/summarize the results/findings
present/publish/read/review/cite a paper in a scientific journal 
Example Bank:
A new study shows that fewer students are studying science.
A preliminary study suggested that the product would be popular.
A study group meets every Sunday at the church.
An independent study was commissioned by the department.
He has made a special study of the way that birds communicate with one another.
He lectures in management studies.
In a recent study, 40% of schools were found to be understaffed.
Many undertake further studies after college.
Many undertake further studies after passing their A levels.
Now that her children are all at school, she's going to take up full-time study again.
Princeton's African American studies department
Research studies carried out in Italy confirmed the theory.
Shakespeare is the subject of a new study by Anthony Bryan.
She devoted herself to a serious study of the Koran.
She returned to her studies when her children reached school age.
She's doing women's studies at Liverpool University.
Students do a foundation year before specializing in their chosen field of study.
The company allows its staff to take paid study leave.
The company undertook an extensive feasibility study before adopting the new system.
The course integrates academic study and practical training.
The first part of the course is designed to develop students' study skills.
The present study reveals an unacceptable level of air pollution in the city centre.
The study aims to examine bias in television news coverage.
The study compares the incidence of bone cancer in men and women.
The study group was selected from a broad cross section of the population.
The study highlighted three problem areas.
The study provided valuable insight into the development of the disease.
The ten-year study covered 13 000 people aged 15-25.
This grammar book is suitable both for classroom use and for independent study.
This phenomenon has been observed in both laboratory and field studies.
This phenomenon has been observed in field studies.
When he has completed his studies, he'll travel around the world.
a close study of energy prices
a comparative study of the environmental costs of different energy sources
a definitive study on medieval weapons
a detailed case study of nine companies
a longitudinal study of children in low-income families
a study based on a sample of male white-collar workers
a study commissioned by the World Bank
a study into the viability of the mine
full-time study for an MA
the biochemical process under study
the university's cultural studies course
A comparative study was carried out into the environmental costs of different energy sources.
A detailed study of the area was carried out.
He needed more leisure to pursue his studies.
I returned to full-time study once my kids were all at school.
It's important to develop good study skills.
She crossed the hallway and opened the door to her private study.
Students in the same field of study may have very different skill levels.
The scientific study of American dialects began in 1889.

There's a quiet room set aside for private study.

 

verb (stud·ies, study·ing, stud·ied, stud·ied) 
LEARN
1. transitive, intransitive ~ (for sth) to spend time learning about a subject by reading, going to college, etc
~ (sth) How long have you been studying English?
Don't disturb Jane, she's studying for her exams.
~ (sth) at… My brother studied at the Royal College of Art.
~ (sth) under… a composer who studied under Nadia Boulanger (= was taught by Nadia Boulanger)

~ to do/be sth Nina is studying to be an architect.  

EXAMINE CAREFULLY

2. transitive ~ sth to watch, or look at sb/sth carefully in order to find out sth
Scientists are studying photographs of the planet for signs of life.
He studied her face thoughtfully.

Fran was studying the menu.

3. transitive to examine sth carefully in order to understand it
~ sth We will study the report carefully before making a decision.
~ how, what, etc… The group will study how the region coped with the loss of thousands of jobs.
 
Word Origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French estudie (noun), estudier (verb), both based on Latin studium ‘zeal, painstaking application’.  
Collocations:
Education
Learning
acquire/get/lack (an) education/training/(BrE) (some) qualifications
receive/provide sb with training/tuition
develop/design/plan a curriculum/(especially BrE) course/(NAmE) program/syllabus
give/go to/attend a class/lesson/lecture/seminar
hold/run/conduct a class/seminar/workshop
sign up for/take a course/classes/lessons
School
go to/start preschool/kindergarten/nursery school
be in the first, second, etc. (NAmE) grade/(especially BrE) year (at school)
study/take/drop history/chemistry/German, etc.
(BrE) leave/finish/drop out of/ (NAmE) quit school
(NAmE) graduate high school/college
Problems at school
be the victim/target of bullying
(BrE) play truant from/ (both BrE, informal) bunk off/skive off school (= not go to school when you should)
(both especially NAmE) skip/cut class/school
(BrE) cheat in/(NAmE) cheat on an exam/a test
get/be given a detention (for doing sth)
be expelled from/be suspended from school
Work and exams
do your homework/(BrE) revision/a project on sth
work on/write/do/submit an essay/a dissertation/a thesis/an assignment/(NAmE) a paper
finish/complete your dissertation/thesis/studies/coursework
hand in/ (NAmE) turn in your homework/essay/assignment/paper
study/prepare/ (BrE) revise/ (NAmE) review/ (NAmE, informal) cram for a test/an exam
take/ (both BrE) do/sit a test/an exam
(especially BrE) mark/ (especially NAmE) grade homework/a test
(BrE) do well in/ (NAmE) do well on/ (informal, especially NAmE) ace a test/an exam
pass/fail/ (informal, especially NAmE) flunk a test/an exam/a class/a course/a subject
University
apply to/get into/go to/start college/(BrE) university
leave/graduate from law school/college/(BrE) university (with a degree in computer science)
study for/take/ (BrE) do/complete a law degree/a degree in physics
(both NAmE) major/minor in biology/philosophy
earn/receive/be awarded/get/have/hold a master's degree/a bachelor's degree/a PhD in economics 
Synonyms:
examine
analyse review study discuss
These words all mean to think about, study or describe sb/sth carefully, especially in order to understand them, form an opinion of them or make a decision about them.
examineto think about, study or describe an idea, subject or piece of work very carefully: These ideas will be examined in more detail in Chapter 10.
analyse/analyzeto examine the nature or structure of sth, especially by separating it into its parts, in order to understand or explain it: The job involves gathering and analysing data. He tried to analyse his feelings.
reviewto examine sth again, especially so that you can decide if it is necessary to make changes: The government will review the situation later in the year.
studyto examine sb/sth in order to understand them or it: We will study the report carefully before making a decision.
examine or study?
You examine sth in order to understand it or to help other people understand it, for example by describing it in a book; you study sth in order to understand it yourself.
discussto write or talk about sth in detail, showing the different ideas and opinions about it: This topic will be discussed at greater length in the next chapter.
to examine/analyse/review/study/discuss what/how/whether…
to examine/analyse/review/study/discuss the situation/evidence
to examine/analyse/review/study/discuss sth carefully/critically/systematically/briefly  
Example Bank:
He studied her thoughtfully, then smiled.
He studied under Professor Sager.
In the third year a number of areas are studied in detail.
She is studying hard for her A levels.
She picked up the letter and studied it carefully.
The influence of heredity is best studied in genetically identical twins.
This area has not been well studied.
to study at college
As a young composer he studied under Nadia Boulanger.
Did you ever study any sciences?
He sat up very late that night, studying.
I had a place to study engineering at Leeds.
I have two tests tomorrow, and I've barely had time to study.
I was up late studying for my biology final.
Michael studied at Sussex University.
She's studying hard at the moment.
She's studying to be an architect.

There's nowhere for the students to study quietly.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

study

study (EXAMINE) /ˈstʌd.i/
verb [T]
to examine something very carefully:
I want time to study this contract thoroughly before signing it.
[+ question word] Researchers have been studying how people under stress make decisions.

study /ˈstʌd.i/
noun [C]
1 when someone examines a subject in detail in order to discover new information:
a five-year study of the relationship between wildlife and farming
Some studies have suggested a link between certain types of artificial sweetener and cancer.

2 a drawing which an artist makes in order to test ideas before starting a painting of the same subject

studied /ˈstʌd.id/
adjective
very carefully and intentionally done, made or considered, rather than in a completely honest or sincere way:
After a pause, he gave a studied answer.
She listened to his remarks with studied indifference.

studious /ˈstjuː.di.əs/ US /ˈstuː-/
adjective [before noun]
The report was obviously prepared with studious (= very great) care and attention.

studiously /ˈstjuː.di.ə.sli/ US /ˈstuː-/
adverb
They studiously avoided/ignored each other.

studiousness /ˈstjuː.di.ə.snəs/ US /ˈstuː-/
noun [U]

study (LEARN) /ˈstʌd.i/
verb [I or T]
to learn about a subject, especially in an educational course or by reading books:
to study biology/chemistry
Next term we shall study plants and how they grow.
She's been studying for her doctorate for three years already.

study /ˈstʌd.i/
noun
1 [U] when you learn about a subject, usually at school or university:
the study of English literature

2 [C] a room, especially in a house, used for quiet work such as reading or writing

studies /ˈstʌd.iz/
plural noun
1 studying or work involving studying:
Adam doesn't spend enough time on his studies.

2 used in the names of some educational subjects and courses:
the department of business/media studies

studious /ˈstjuː.di.əs/ US /ˈstuː-/
adjective
describes someone who enjoys studying or spends a lot of time studying:
She was a studious child, happiest when reading.

studiously /ˈstjuː.di.ə.sli/ US /ˈstuː-/
adverb

studiousness /ˈstjuː.di.ə.snəs/ US /ˈstuː-/
noun [U]

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

study

 

/stʌdi/
(studies, studying, studied)

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.

1.
If you study, you spend time learning about a particular subject or subjects.
...a relaxed and happy atmosphere that will allow you to study to your full potential...
He went to Hull University, where he studied History and Economics...
The rehearsals make it difficult for her to study for law school exams.
VERB: V, V n, V for n

2.
Study is the activity of studying.
...the use of maps and visual evidence in the study of local history...
She gave up her studies to have Alexander.
N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl

3.
A study of a subject is a piece of research on it.
Recent studies suggest that as many as 5 in 1000 new mothers are likely to have this problem.
N-COUNT: usu with supp

4.
You can refer to educational subjects or courses that contain several elements as studies of a particular kind.
...a new centre for Islamic studies...
She is currently doing a business studies course at Leeds.
N-PLURAL: supp N

5.
If you study something, you look at it or watch it very carefully, in order to find something out.
Debbie studied her friend’s face for a moment.
VERB: V n

6.
If you study something, you consider it or observe it carefully in order to be able to understand it fully.
I know that you’ve been studying chimpanzees for thirty years now...
I invite every citizen to carefully study the document.
VERB: V n, V n

7.
A study by an artist is a drawing which is done in preparation for a larger picture.
N-COUNT

8.
A study is a room in a house which is used for reading, writing, and studying.
N-COUNT

9.
see also studied, case study

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

study

2study verb studies; stud·ied; study·ing
1 : to read, memorize facts, attend school, etc., in order to learn about a subject

[no obj]

• She studied hard.
• Did you study for the test?
• She's studying to be a teacher.

[+ obj]

• He is studying music.
2 [+ obj]
a : to give careful attention to (something)
• I studied the request carefully.
• She was studying his face for a reaction.
• The proposal was studied in great detail.
b : to conduct an organized experiment in order to learn more about (something)
• The effects of the drug have never been thoroughly studied.

read

read [verb] (UNDERSTAND)

To look at written words and understand what they mean

US /riːd/ 
UK /riːd/ 
read - خواندن

خواندن‌، قرائت‌ كردن‌

مثال: 

I read a story to my son every night.

من هر شب برای پسرم داستان می خوانم.

 

To look at written words and understand what they mean

read - خواندن
معادل فارسی: 

خواندن‌، قرائت‌ كردن‌

مثال انگلیسی: 

I read a story to my son every night.

من هر شب برای پسرم داستان می خوانم.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

read

 verb (reads, reading, read /, has read)

1 to look at words and understand them:
Have you read this book? It's very interesting.

2 to say words that you can see:
I read a story to the children.

read something out to read something to other people:
The teacher read out the list of names.

>> reading noun (no plural):
My interests are reading and football.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

read

I. read1 S1 W1 /riːd/ BrE AmE verb (past tense and past participle read /red/)
[Word Family: noun: ↑read, ↑reader, ↑readership, ↑reading, ↑readability; verb: ↑read; adjective: ↑readable ≠ ↑unreadable]
[Language: Old English; Origin: rædan]
1. WORDS/BOOKS [intransitive and transitive] to look at written words and understand what they mean:
I can’t read your writing.
She picked up the letter and read it.
Read the instructions carefully before you start.
children who are just learning to read and write
Her books are quite widely read (=read by a lot of people).
When I was young, I read every one of his books from cover to cover (=read all of something because you are very interested).
2. FIND INFORMATION [intransitive, transitive not in progressive] to find out information from books, newspapers etc:
You can’t believe everything you read in the papers.
read about
Did you read about what happened to that guy in Florida?
read of
I was shocked when I read of his death.
read (that)
I read last week that the disease is on the increase.
3. READ AND SPEAK [intransitive and transitive] to say the words in a book, newspaper etc so that people can hear them
read somebody something
Daddy, will you read me a story?
read (something) to somebody
Our mother reads to us every evening.
Teachers should read more poetry to children.
He glanced at the letter and began to read it aloud.
4. MUSIC/MAPS ETC [transitive] to look at signs or pictures and understand what they mean:
He plays the violin very well but can’t actually read music.
Are you any good at map reading?
5. COMPUTER [transitive] technical if a computer can read a ↑disk, it can take the information that is on the disk and put it into its memory
6. UNDERSTAND SOMETHING IN A PARTICULAR WAY [transitive always + adverb/preposition] to understand a situation, remark etc in one of several possible ways SYN interpret:
I wasn’t sure how to read his silence.
read something as something
She shook her head, and I read this as a refusal.
The poem can be read as a protest against war.
read something well/accurately (=understand something correctly)
He had accurately read the mood of the nation.
7. HAVE WORDS ON [transitive not in progressive] used to say what words are on a sign, in a letter etc SYN say:
A sign on the outer door read: ‘No Entry’.
8. STYLE OF WRITING [intransitive] if something reads well, badly etc, it has been written well, badly etc:
I think in general the report reads well.
9. read something as/for something to replace one word or number with another one, usually with the correct one:
Please read £50 as £15.
For ‘November’ (=instead of November) on line 6, read ‘September’.
10. MEASURING [transitive]
a) to look at the number or amount shown on a measuring instrument:
Someone should be coming to read the gas meter.
b) if a measuring instrument reads a particular number, it shows that number:
The thermometer read 46 degrees.
11. AT UNIVERSITY [intransitive and transitive] British English to study a subject at a university:
I read history at Cambridge.
read for
He wants to read for a law degree.
REGISTER
In everyday British English, people usually say that someone does a subject at university:
▪ I did history at Cambridge.
▪ He wants to do a law degree.
12. take it as read (that) especially British English to feel certain that something is true although no one has told you it is true SYN assume:
You can take it as read that we will support the project.
13. take something as read to accept that a report or statement is correct without reading it or discussing it:
We’ll take the secretary’s report as read.
14. read between the lines to guess someone’s real feelings from something they say or write, when they do not tell you directly:
Reading between the lines, I’d say Robert’s not very happy.
15. read sb’s mind/thoughts to guess what someone else is thinking:
‘Want some coffee?’ ‘You read my mind.’
16. can read somebody like a book if you can read someone like a book, you know them so well that you immediately know what they are thinking or feeling
17. read sb’s palm to look carefully at someone’s hand, in order to find out about their future
18. read sb’s lips to understand what someone is saying by watching the way their lips move. People who cannot hear do this. ⇨ ↑lip-read
19. read my lips spoken used to tell someone that you really mean what you are saying:
Read my lips: I will not let you down.
20. do you read me? spoken used to ask someone whether they can hear you when you are speaking to them by radio
21. well-read/widely-read someone who is well-read has read a lot of books and knows a lot about many subjects:
She is intelligent and extremely well-read.
⇨ ↑reading, ⇨ read (somebody) the riot act at ↑riot1(4)
• • •
THESAURUS
read to look at and understand the words in a book, magazine, letter etc for interest, enjoyment, or study: What book are you reading at the moment? | I usually read the newspaper on the way to work.
flick/flip/leaf through something to turn the pages of a book, magazine etc quickly, looking for things that might interest you: While I was waiting, I flicked through a magazine. | She was flipping through the pages of an encyclopedia. | Cunningham was leafing through a copy of the Financial Times at his desk amidst a cloud of cigar-smoke.
browse through something to spend time looking through a book, magazine etc without any clear purpose, looking for things that might interest you: Would you like to browse through our holiday brochure?
skim/scan (through) something to read something quickly to get the main ideas or find a particular piece of information: I want you to skim through the article and write a short summary of it. | Tony scanned the menu for a vegetarian option.
pore over something to read something very carefully for a long time: They spent weeks poring over guidebooks and planning their holiday.
devour something /dɪˈvaʊə $ -ˈvaʊr/ to read something quickly and eagerly: Her young fans devour her books.
dip into something to read short parts of something: It’s a book you can dip into rather than read from cover to cover.
plough/wade through something to read something long and boring: He’s upstairs ploughing through financial reports. | I can’t possibly wade through all this.
surf the Net/Internet/Web to look quickly through information on the Internet, stopping to read what interests you: I was surfing the Net, trying to find my ideal job.
read something ↔ back phrasal verb
to read out loud something that you have just written down
read something ↔ back to
Can you read that last bit back to me?
read for something phrasal verb
to say some of the words that are said by a particular character in a play, as a test of your ability to act
read something into something phrasal verb
to think that a situation, action etc has a meaning or importance that it does not really have:
It was only a casual remark. I think you’re reading too much into it.
read something ↔ out phrasal verb
to read and say words that are written down, so that people can hear:
Why don’t you read out the name of the winner?
read something ↔ out to
He read the last few sentences out to me.
read something ↔ through/over phrasal verb
to read something carefully from beginning to end in order to check details or find mistakes SYN check over/through:
Read the contract over carefully before you sign it.
Spend a couple of minutes just reading through your essay.
read up on something (also read something ↔ up British English) phrasal verb
to read a lot about something because you will need to know about it:
You’ll enjoy traveling more if you read up on the history of the countries you’ll be visiting.
II. read2 BrE AmE noun [singular] informal
[Word Family: noun: ↑read, ↑reader, ↑readership, ↑reading, ↑readability; verb: ↑read; adjective: ↑readable ≠ ↑unreadable]
1. British English if you have a read, you spend time reading:
I sat down to have a nice quiet read.
read of
I had a quick read of the report before I left.
2. a good read something that you enjoy reading:
I thought his last book was a really good read.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

read

read [read reads reading] verb noun   [riːd]    [riːd]  adjective   [riːd]    [riːd]    [red]    [red] 

 

verb   [riːd]  ;   [riːd]  (read, read   [red]  ;   [red]  

WORDS/SYMBOLS
1. intransitive, transitive (not used in the progressive tenses) to look at and understand the meaning of written or printed words or symbols
She's still learning to read.
Some children can read and write before they go to school.
~ sth I can't read your writing.
• Can you read music?

• I'm trying to read the map.

2. intransitive, transitive to go through written or printed words, etc. in silence or speaking them to other people
I'm going to go to bed and read.
~ to sb/yourself He liked reading to his grandchildren.
~ sth to read a book/a magazine/the newspaper
Have you read any Steinbeck (= novels by him)?
He read the poem aloud.
~ sth to sb/yourself Go on— read it to us.
~ sb sth She read us a story.

see also  proofread  

DISCOVER BY READING

3. intransitive, transitive (not used in the progressive tenses) to discover or find out about sb/sth by reading
~ about/of sth I read about the accident in the local paper.
~ that… I read that he had resigned.

~ sth Don't believe everything you read in the papers.  

SB'S MIND/THOUGHTS

4. transitive ~ sb's mind/thoughts to guess what sb else is thinking  

SB'S LIPS
5. transitive ~ sb's lips to look at the movements of sb's lips to learn what they are saying

see also  lip-read  

UNDERSTAND

6. transitive to understand sth in a particular way
Syn:  interpret
~ sth How do you read the present situation?

~ sth as sth Silence must not always be read as consent.  

OF A PIECE OF WRITING

7. transitive + speech to have sth written on it; to be written in a particular way
• The sign read ‘No admittance’.

• I've changed the last paragraph. It now reads as follows…

8. intransitive + adv./prep. to give a particular impression when read
• Generally, the article reads very well.

• The poem reads like (= sounds as if it is) a translation.  

MEASURING INSTRUMENT

9. transitive ~ sth (of measuring instruments) to show a particular weight, pressure, etc

• What does the thermometer read?

10. transitive ~ sth to get information from a measuring instrument

• A man came to read the gas meter.  

HEAR

11. transitive ~ sb to hear and understand sb speaking on a radio set

• ‘Do you read me?’ ‘I'm reading you loud and clear.’  

REPLACE WORD

12. transitive ~ A for B | ~ B as A to replace one word, etc. with another when correcting a text

• For ‘madam’ in line 3 read ‘madman’.  

SUBJECT AT UNIVERSITY

13. transitive, intransitive (BrE, rather old-fashioned) to study a subject, especially at a university
~ sth I read English at Oxford.

~ for sth She's reading for a law degree.  

COMPUTING

14. transitive (of a computer or the person using it) to take information from a disk
~ sth My computer can't read the CD-ROM you sent.
~ sth into sth to read a file into a computer
 
Word Origin:
Old English rǣdan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch raden and German raten ‘advise, guess’. Early senses included ‘advise’ and ‘interpret (a riddle or dream)’.  
Thesaurus:
read verb I, T
Just read through what you've written.
scanskimlook through sthflick through sthleaf through sthdip into sth|BrE plough through sth|AmE plow through sth|formal peruse
read/look through/flick through/leaf through/dip into/plough through/peruse a book
read/scan/skim/look through/flick through/leaf through/peruse a newspaper/paper
read/look through/plough through/peruse a report  
Example Bank:
He read her letter with interest.
He remembers everything he reads in books.
He speaks and reads Arabic fluently.
He's not someone who reads for pleasure.
Hogan had read about her death in the paper.
I had read of the case in the local newspaper.
I listen to my children reading aloud.
I read a story to my son every night.
I read through the first paragraph again.
I regularly read ‘Time’.
I've just read your interesting article.
Make sure you read the instructions correctly.
Most children can read by the age of seven.
Shall I read this out to you?
She had great difficulty learning to read and write.
She read avidly from an early age— books, magazines, anything.
She read from the letter.
She spent the morning reading over her script.
We teach students to read critically.
Could you read the poem aloud to us please?
Don't believe everything you read in the papers.
Have you read any Orwell?
He learned to read when he was three.
I read about it in today's paper.
I read that he'd resigned.
I read the words out loud.
I used to read to my younger brothers at bedtime.
I'm trying to read the map.
Just read through what you've written before you send it off.
She reads voraciously.
Some of the kids here can't even read and write.
What are you reading at the moment?
Will you read me a story?
Idioms: read between the lines  read my lips  read somebody like a book  read the Riot Act  take it as read

Derived: read on  read something back  read something into something  read something out  read something over  read something up  read up on somebody 

 

noun   [riːd]  ;   [riːd]  singular (informal)
1. (especially BrE) an act or a period of reading sth
• I was having a quiet read when the phone rang.

• Can I have a read of your newspaper when you've finished?

2. a good, interesting, etc. ~ a book, an article, etc. that is good, etc
His thrillers are always a gripping read.  
Word Origin:
Old English rǣdan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch raden and German raten ‘advise, guess’. Early senses included ‘advise’ and ‘interpret (a riddle or dream)’.  
Example Bank:
I know you'll enjoy the read.
• The program is simple to use after a quick read of the manual.

• The story made an interesting read.

 

adjective   [red]  ;   [red]  (used after an adverb) (of a person)
having knowledge that has been gained from reading books, etc
She's very widely read in law.
see also  well read  
Word Origin:

Old English rǣdan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch raden and German raten ‘advise, guess’. Early senses included ‘advise’ and ‘interpret (a riddle or dream)’.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

read

read (STATE) /riːd/
verb [L] read/red/
, read/red/

(of something written or printed) to have or give the stated information or meaning:
[+ speech] The start of the American Constitution reads 'We, the people of the United States...'
The thermometer is reading 40°C in the shade.

reading /ˈriː.dɪŋ/
noun [C]
a thermometer reading

read (STUDY) /riːd/
verb [I or T] read/red/
, read/red/
UK FORMAL
to study at university or to study for a specialized qualification:
They're both reading history at Cambridge.
LEGAL She's reading for the Bar (= studying to become a type of lawyer called a barrister).

 

read (UNDERSTAND) /riːd/
verb read/red/
, read/red/

1 [I or T] to obtain meaning by looking at words or symbols:
He spent a pleasant afternoon reading (the newspaper/a book).
I read about the family's success in the local paper.
It was too dark to read our map and we took a wrong turning.
Can you read music?
Your handwriting is so untidy I can't read it.
[+ (that)] I've read in the newspapers (that) there is a threat of war.
Put your plastic card in the slot, and the machine will read it and identify who you are.
Some children can read (= have learnt the skill of reading) by the age of four.

2 [I or T] to say the words that are printed or written:
She read (the poem) slowly and quietly.
[+ two objects] Their teacher always reads them a story at the end of the day.
Children love to have stories read (aloud/out) to them.

3 [T] to understand and give a particular meaning to written information, a statement, a situation, etc:
She missed the train because she read 18.30 as 8.30 p.m. instead of 6.30 p.m.
On page 19, for 'Blitish', please read 'British'.
If I've read the situation correctly, we should have some agreement on the contract by the end of the week.

4 [I or T] How you read a piece of writing, or how it reads, is how it seems when you read it:
The letter reads as if/US ALSO, UK NOT STANDARD like it was written in a hurry.
Her latest novel reads well (= is written in an attractive way).

5 [T] (especially when communicating by radio), to hear and understand someone:
Do you read me?
I read you loud and clear.

read /riːd/
noun [S] UK
the act of reading something:
It's not brilliant but it's worth a read.
The book is a good/easy etc. read.
INFORMAL Could I have a read of (= Could I read) your newspaper, if you've finished with it?

read /red/
adjective
It's a widely read newspaper (= it has many readers).

readable /ˈriː.də.bļ/
adjective
easy and enjoyable to read:
It is an excellent and highly readable account of the army today.

-readable/-riː.də.bļ/
suffix
machine/computer-readable in a form which is able to be used by a computer:
Machine-readable passports will permit precise identity-checking.

reader /ˈriː.dəʳ/ US /-dɚ/
noun [C]
1 someone who reads for pleasure, especially a person who reads a lot:
He's a great/voracious reader (= reads many books).
She's an avid reader of historical novels.

2 a book designed and written for children who are learning to read

3 someone who reads a particular newspaper or magazine:
We asked our readers to write in and give us their views.
She described him as a typical Guardian reader.

4 SPECIALIZED a teacher, at British universities, just under the rank of professor:
Alan is a Reader in History at Dublin University.

5 SPECIALIZED a person whose job is to advise a publishing company on whether or not a book should be published

6 a device that helps you to read very small writing, or a machine that can recognize printed material:
a microfilm/microfiche reader
an optical character reader

readership /ˈriː.də.ʃɪp/ US /-dɚ-/
group noun [C]
the group of people who regularly read a particular newspaper, magazine, etc:
The magazine has a readership of over 250 000.
It's a newspaper with a large right-wing readership.

reading /ˈriː.dɪŋ/
noun
1 [U] the skill or activity of getting information from books:
Reading and tennis are my favourite pastimes.
The diaries make good (bedtime) reading (= are good to read (in bed at night)).
These books are compulsory/required reading for students of architecture.

2 [C] an occasion when something written, especially a literary work, is spoken to an audience:
The society often arranges poetry readings and musical evenings.

3 [C] In a parliament, a reading of a new law is one of the stages of discussion before it is approved:
The Housing Bill was given its second reading in Parliament today.

4 [C] the way in which you understand something:
My reading of the situation is that John wanted any excuse to resign.

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

read

The form 'read' is pronounced /ri:d/ when it is the present tense, and /red/ when it is the past tense and past participle.
(reading)

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.

1.
When you read something such as a book or article, you look at and understand the words that are written there.
Have you read this book?...
I read about it in the paper...
He read through the pages slowly and carefully...
It was nice to read that the Duke will not be sending his son off to boarding school...
She spends her days reading and watching television.
VERB: V n, V about n, V through n, V that, V

Read is also a noun.
I settled down to have a good read.
N-SING: a N

2.
When you read a piece of writing to someone, you say the words aloud.
Jay reads poetry so beautifully...
I like it when she reads to us...
I sing to the boys or read them a story before tucking them in.
VERB: V n, V to n, V n n, also V n to n, V

3.
People who can read have the ability to look at and understand written words.
He couldn’t read or write...
He could read words at 18 months.
VERB: V, V n

4.
If you can read music, you have the ability to look at and understand the symbols that are used in written music to represent musical sounds.
Later on I learned how to read music.
VERB: V n

5.
When a computer reads a file or a document, it takes information from a disk or tape. (COMPUTING)
How can I read a Microsoft Excel file on a computer that only has Works installed?
VERB: V n

6.
You can use read when saying what is written on something or in something. For example, if a notice reads ‘Entrance’, the word ‘Entrance’ is written on it.
The sign on the bus read ‘Private: Not In Service’.
VERB: no cont, V with quote

7.
If you refer to how a piece of writing reads, you are referring to its style.
The book reads like a ballad...
VERB: V prep/adv

8.
If you say that a book or magazine is a good read, you mean that it is very enjoyable to read.
Ben Okri’s latest novel is a good read.
N-COUNT: adj N

9.
If something is read in a particular way, it is understood or interpreted in that way.
The play is being widely read as an allegory of imperialist conquest...
South Africans were praying last night that he has read the situation correctly...
= interpret
VERB: be V-ed as n, V n adv/prep

10.
If you read someone’s mind or thoughts, you know exactly what they are thinking without them telling you.
As if he could read her thoughts, Benny said, ‘You’re free to go any time you like.’
VERB: V n

11.
If you can read someone or you can read their gestures, you can understand what they are thinking or feeling by the way they behave or the things they say.
If you have to work in a team you must learn to read people...
VERB: V n

12.
If someone who is trying to talk to you with a radio transmitter says, ‘Do you read me?’, they are asking you if you can hear them.
We read you loud and clear. Over.
VERB: V n

13.
When you read a measuring device, you look at it to see what the figure or measurement on it is.
It is essential that you are able to read a thermometer.
VERB: V n

14.
If a measuring device reads a particular amount, it shows that amount.
The thermometer read 105 degrees Fahrenheit...
VERB: V amount

15.
If you read a subject at university, you study it. (BRIT FORMAL; in AM, use major, study)
She read French and German at Cambridge University...
He is now reading for a maths degree at Surrey University.
VERB: V n, V for n

16.
If you take something as read, you accept it as true or right and therefore feel that it does not need to be discussed or proved.
We took it as read that he must have been a KGB agent...
PHRASE: V inflects

17.
to read between the lines: see line
see also reading

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1read /ˈriːd/ verb reads; read /ˈrɛd/; read·ing /ˈriːdɪŋ/
1 a : to look at and understand the meaning of letters, words, symbols, etc.

[no obj]

• She learned to read at a very early age.

[+ obj]

• Can you read decimals/music/Braille?
• I can't read your handwriting.
• He claimed that he could read my palm. [=look at the lines on the palm of my hand and tell me what was going to happen to me in the future]
b : to read the words of (a book, magazine, etc.)

[+ obj]

• He likes reading the newspaper.
• She reads a lot of mystery novels.
• We will be reading (works by) Milton in the class.
• She starts work every day by reading her e-mail.
• Didn't you read the instructions?

[no obj]

• He likes to read.
• She doesn't read much.
• Please read from Chapter 5 through Chapter 10.
c : to speak aloud the words of (something written)

[+ obj]

• He read the poem aloud.
• The teacher read a story to us. = The teacher read us a story.
• He wrote down the address I gave him and read it back to me.

[no obj]

• Her mother read to her every night at bedtime.
- see also read out (below)
2 : to learn information about something from a book, newspaper, etc.

[no obj]

- often + about
• I read about the fire in the newspaper.
- sometimes + of
• I have read of such things happening elsewhere.

[+ obj]

- + that
• I read somewhere that he's making a new movie.
• I read that they got married.
3 [+ obj]
a : to learn information about (someone) by looking at how that person behaves
• I can't read her—I'm not sure if she likes me or not.
• You're an easy person to read.
b : to learn information about (something) by looking at particular characteristics
• A good canoeist can read the rapids.
• (golf) She missed the putt because she didn't read the green correctly.
• (American football) The quarterback read the defense correctly.
4 [+ obj] : to understand (something) in a particular way
• The way I read it, we're supposed to show up at 3 p.m.
• The situation is hard to read. [=interpret]
- often + as
• I read his actions as a cry for help.
5 [+ obj]
a : to show (words) for someone to read
• The sign reads [=says] “No Trespassing.”
b : to show (a temperature, weight, number, etc.)
• The thermometer reads 90 degrees.
• The clock read 4:30.
6 [no obj] : to be written in a particular way
• The definition reads awkwardly. [=the definition is awkwardly written]
• This essay will read better if you reorganize it.
• The speech reads well. [=the speech is written well]
• The first chapters read like a lecture.
7 [+ obj] : to get information from (something)
• Someone reads the water meter once a month.
• A scanner reads the bar codes on packages.
• The computer can't read that disk.
8 [+ obj] : to hear and understand (someone) over a radio
• Can you read me now?
• I read you loud and clear.
9 [+ obj] : to replace (a word or number) with another word or number - used to indicate how something written or said should be changed or corrected
• In the second problem, read 5 instead of 3. [=the number should be 5, not 3]
10 Brit : to study (a subject) especially at a university

[+ obj]

• He read history at Oxford.

[no obj]

- often + for
• She is reading for a business degree.
read between the lines : to look for or find a hidden meaning that is not directly stated or obvious in something that someone writes or says
• Her letter seemed pretty cheerful, but if you read between the lines, you can tell that she's not really happy.
read into [phrasal verb] read into (something) : to think of (something, such as a comment or situation) as having a meaning or importance that does not seem likely or reasonable
• You're reading too much into her remarks. [=her remarks do not have the meaning or importance that you think they have]
read lips : to understand what people are saying by watching the movement of their lips : lip-read
• deaf people who know how to read lips
• I couldn't hear what he was saying, but I was able to read his lips.
✦People who tell you to read their lips mean that you should pay close attention to what they are saying.
• “Can't I please go?” “Read my lips: you're not going, and that's final!”
read out [phrasal verb] read (something) out or read out (something) : to read (something) aloud especially to other people
• I read out the names on the list.
read over [phrasal verb] read over (something) or read (something) over : to read (something) from beginning to end especially to look for mistakes or check details
• He read over [=read through] the directions/contract carefully.
read (someone) like a book : to easily understand the true thoughts and feelings of (someone) by looking at how that person acts or behaves
• My mom always knows when I'm lying. She can read me like a book.
read someone's thoughts or read someone's mind : to know or guess what someone is thinking
• She looked deep into his eyes, trying to read his thoughts.
• “I think we should go out to a movie tonight.” “You read my mind. I was thinking the same thing.”
read (someone) the riot act
- see 1riot
read through [phrasal verb] read through (something) or read (something) through : to read (something) from beginning to end especially to look for mistakes or check details
• Remember to read through [=read over] the essay before you hand it in.
• He read the instructions through twice before he tried to assemble the bicycle.
read up on [phrasal verb] read up on (something) : to read a lot about (something) in order to learn about it
• I read up on the history of the war.
take (something) as read Brit : to accept or assume that something is true and does not need to be proved
• You can take it as read [=you can be sure] that there's nothing really new in their proposal.

bed

bed [noun] (FURNITURE)

A piece of furniture that you sleep on

US /bed/ 
UK /bed/ 
bed - تخت

تخت خواب، تخت

مثال: 

I didn't ​even have the ​energy to get out of bed.

اصلا انرژی نداشتم که از تخت بیرون بیایم.

A piece of furniture that you sleep on

bed - تختخواب
معادل فارسی: 

تخت خواب، تخت

مثال انگلیسی: 

I didn't ​even have the ​energy to get out of bed.

اصلا انرژی نداشتم که از تخت بیرون بیایم.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

bed

 noun

1 a thing that you sleep on:
It was time to go to bed.
The children are in bed.
to make the bed (= to make it ready for somebody to sleep in)

word building
A bed for one person is called a single bed and a bed for two people is called a double bed. Children often sleep in bunk beds, which are two single beds built with one above the other.

2 the bottom of a river or the sea

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

BEd

BEd BrE AmE British English, B.Ed. American English /biː ˈed/ noun [countable]
(Bachelor of Education) a first university ↑degree in education
 

bed

I. bed1 S1 W1 /bed/ BrE AmE noun
[Language: Old English; Origin: bedd]
1. SLEEP [uncountable and countable] a piece of furniture that you sleep on
in bed
Simon lay in bed thinking.
You should go to bed early.
She got into bed and turned out the light.
before bed (=before going to bed)
Dad has a whisky before bed. ⇨ ↑camp bed, ↑four-poster bed, ↑sofa bed
2. SEX [uncountable] informal used to refer to having sex:
I came home and found him in bed with (=having sex with) my best friend.
He wanted me to go to bed with him.
He’s been trying to get his secretary into bed.
She told me he was good in bed (=a skilful lover).
3. RIVER/LAKE/SEA [countable] the flat ground at the bottom of a river, lake, or sea:
the sea bed
4. GARDEN [countable] an area of a garden, park etc that has been prepared for plants to grow in:
rose beds
5. ROCK [countable] a layer of rock ⇨ ↑bedrock(2)
6. LOWEST LAYER [singular] a layer of something that forms a base that other things are put on top of
bed of
prawns on a bed of lettuce
7. IN RIVER/WATER [countable] an area at the edge of a river or in deeper water where things grow:
an oyster bed
The birds build their nests in reed beds along the river bank.
8. get out of bed on the wrong side British English, get up on the wrong side of the bed American English to feel slightly angry or annoyed for no particular reason
9. not a bed of roses not a happy, comfortable, or easy situation:
Life isn’t always a bed of roses, you know.
10. you’ve made your bed and you must lie on it spoken used to say that you must accept the results of your actions, even if they are bad
11. put something to bed technical to complete a newspaper, magazine, or book, so that it is ready to be printed
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
go to bed What time do you go to bed at night?
get into bed/get out of bed I usually read for a bit after I get into bed.
climb into bed Lucy climbed into bed and lay awake thinking.
crawl into bed (=get into bed feeling very tired) We finally crawled into bed at three in the morning.
jump into/out of bed I jumped out of bed and ran over to the window.
get somebody out of bed (=make someone get out of bed) His mother couldn’t get him out of bed in the mornings.
stay in bed (=not get up early/at the usual time) At the weekend it’s really nice to be able to stay in bed.
make the bed (=tidy the sheets and covers after you get up) Don’t forget to make your bed before you go out!
change a bed (=put clean sheets on it) You should change the beds at least once a fortnight.
put somebody to bed (=put a child in their bed) I put the baby to bed at 7 o'clock as usual.
take to your bed written (=go to bed because you feel ill) Guy had a stomach ache and took to his bed.
■ adjectives
a single bed (=for one person) There was only a single bed.
a double bed (=a bed for two people) Would you like a double bed or twin beds?
a king-size bed (=a very big double bed)
a queen-size bed (=a big bed for two people)
twin beds (=two single beds in a room)
bunk beds (=two single beds joined together one above the other) The kids love sleeping in bunk beds.
a spare bed (=a bed for visitors to your home) Come and stay any time – we have a spare bed.
a feather bed (=a bed with feathers in the mattress)
■ phrases
the foot/head of the bed (=the bottom/top of the bed) I woke up to find someone standing at the foot of the bed.
(it’s) time for bed She sat and sewed until it was time for bed.
• • •
THESAURUS
the bottom the lowest part of something: The house is at the bottom of that hill. | She scrolled down to the bottom of the screen.
the underneath/the underside the bottom surface on the outside of something: You will find the serial number on the underneath of the vacuum cleaner.
base the lowest part or the wide bottom part on which something stands: The lamp has a square base. | He had broken a bone at the base of his spine.
the foot literary the bottom of a tree, a hill, or some stairs: There was a small village at the foot of the mountain.
bed the ground at the bottom of a river, a lake, or the sea: the sea bed | They found some interesting stones on the river bed.
the foundations the layer of cement and stones that forms the bottom of a building: The builders have begun laying the foundations for the house.
II. bed2 BrE AmE verb (past tense and past participle bedded, present participle bedding) [transitive]
1. to fix something firmly and deeply into something else
bed something in something
The foundations were bedded in cement.
2. old-fashioned to have sex with someone
bed down phrasal verb
1. to sleep somewhere which is not your bed and where you do not usually sleep:
Can I bed down on your sofa?
2. bed somebody/something ↔ down to make a person or animal comfortable in a place where they do not usually sleep
3. if a new system or arrangement beds down, problems with it are solved and it gradually starts to work in the way that it should
bed something ↔ out phrasal verb
to put plants into the ground so that they can grow

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

BEd

BEd [BEd] (also B.Ed. especially in NAmE)  [ˌbiː ˈed]    [ˌbiː ˈed]  noun

the abbreviation for ‘Bachelor of Education’ (a first university degree in education): (BrE) Sarah Wells BEd

bed

bed [bed beds bedded bedding] noun, verb   [bed]    [bed] 

 

noun
FURNITURE
1. countable, uncountable a piece of furniture for sleeping on
a single/double bed
She lay on the bed (= on top of the covers).
He lay in bed (= under the covers).
I'm tired— I'm going to bed.
It's time for bed (= time to go to sleep).
I'll just put the kids to bed.
He likes to have a mug of cocoa before bed (= before going to bed).
to get into/out of bed
to make the bed (= arrange the covers in a tidy way)
Could you give me a bed for the night (= somewhere to sleep)?
There's a shortage of hospital beds (= not enough room for patients to be admitted).
He has been confined to bed with flu for the past couple of days.

see also  airbed, camp bed, sofa bed, twin bed, waterbed  

OF RIVER/LAKE/SEA

2. countable the bottom of a river, the sea, etc
• the ocean bed

• oyster beds (= an area in the sea where there are many oysters )  

FOR FLOWERS/VEGETABLES

3. countable an area of ground in a garden/yard or park for growing flowers, vegetables, etc
• flower beds

see also  seedbed  

BOTTOM LAYER

4. countable ~ of sth a layer of sth that other things lie or rest on
• grilled chicken, served on a bed of rice

• The blocks should be laid on a bed of concrete.  

GEOLOGY

5. countable a layer of clay, rock, etc. in the ground
see also  bedrock 
more at die in your bed at  die  v., wet the/your bed at  wet  v.  
Word Origin:
Old English bed, bedd (noun), beddian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch bed and German Bett.  
Example Bank:
Are you out of bed yet?
Bed and breakfast accommodation is available.
Come on, children, it's time for bed.
Don't punish a child who wets the bed.
Elizabeth was sitting on her bed writing a letter.
He and his brother had to share a bed.
He came home to find an empty bed.
He lay in bed, reading his book.
He slept on a makeshift bed of blankets and cushions.
I like to be in bed before 11 o'clock.
I slept in the bottom bunk of a set of bunk beds.
It's your turn to put the children to bed.
Please strip the beds and put the sheets in the washing machine.
She crawled into bed exhausted.
We stayed at a comfortable bed and breakfast.
a messy room, with an unmade bed and clothes on the floor
ornamental beds of roses
Raised flower beds are ideal for people in wheelchairs.
Idioms: bed of roses  get out of bed on the wrong side  go to bed with somebody  in bed  take to your bed  you've made your bed and you must lie in it

Derived: bed down 

 

verb (-dd-)
1. ~ sth (in sth) to fix sth firmly in sth
• The bricks were bedded in sand to improve drainage.

• Make sure that you bed the roots firmly in the soil.

2. ~ sb (old-fashioned) to have sex with sb
He's been trying to bed her for weeks.
 
Word Origin:

Old English bed, bedd (noun), beddian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch bed and German Bett.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

BEd

BEd /biːˈed/
noun [C]
ABBREVIATION FOR Bachelor of Education: a degree taken by some teachers, or a person who has this degree

bed

bed (AREA OF GROUND) /bed/
noun [C]
a piece of ground used for planting in a garden:
They've got some beautiful flower beds in their garden.

bed (BOTTOM) /bed/
noun [C]
1 the bottom or something that serves as a base:
Many strange plants and fish live on the sea bed.
The railway was built on a bed of solid rock.

2 a bed of sth a pile of one type of food on which other food is arranged as a meal:
roasted vegetables on a bed of rice.

 

bed (FURNITURE) /bed/
noun [C or U]
a large rectangular piece of furniture, often with four legs, which is used for sleeping on:
He lived in a room with only two chairs, a bed and a table.
He likes to have breakfast in bed on a Saturday morning.
She didn't get out of bed till lunchtime today.
I'm exhausted - I'm going to bed (= going to get into a bed in order to sleep).
I always put the children to bed (= make certain that they get into a bed and are comfortable there ready for going to sleep) at 7.30 p.m.

bed /bed/
verb [T] -dd- OLD-FASHIONED
to have sex with someone

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

bed

/bed/
(beds)

Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.

1.
A bed is a piece of furniture that you lie on when you sleep.
She went into her bedroom and lay down on the bed...
We finally went to bed at about 4am...
By the time we got back from dinner, Nona was already in bed...
When she had gone Sam and Robina put the children to bed.
N-COUNT: also prep N

2.
If a place such as a hospital or a hotel has a particular number of beds, it is able to hold that number of patients or guests.
N-COUNT

3.
A bed in a garden or park is an area of ground that has been specially prepared so that plants can be grown in it.
...beds of strawberries and rhubarb.
N-COUNT: usu n N, N of n

4.
A bed of shellfish or plants is an area in the sea or in a lake where a particular type of shellfish or plant is found in large quantities.
The whole lake was rimmed with thick beds of reeds.
N-COUNT: usu with supp

5.
The sea bed or a river bed is the ground at the bottom of the sea or of a river.
For three weeks a big operation went on to recover the wreckage from the sea bed.
N-COUNT: usu sing, usu with supp

6.
A bed of rock is a layer of rock that is found within a larger area of rock.
Between the white limestone and the greyish pink limestone is a thin bed of clay.
N-COUNT: usu with supp

7.
If a recipe or a menu says that something is served on a bed of a food such as rice or vegetables, it means it is served on a layer of that food.
Heat the curry thoroughly and serve it on a bed of rice.
N-COUNT: usu sing, N of n

8.
see also -bedded, bedding

9.
To go to bed with someone means to have sex with them.
PHRASE: V inflects

10.
If you say that someone has made their bed and must lie in it, you mean that since they have chosen to do a particular thing, they must now accept the unpleasant results of their action.
PHRASE

11.
When you make the bed, you neatly arrange the sheets and covers of a bed so that it is ready to sleep in.
PHRASE: V and N inflect

12.
bed of roses: see rose
 

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1bed /ˈbɛd/ noun, pl beds
1 a : a piece of furniture that people sleep on

[count]
• The room contains only a bed and a dresser.
• There are two beds in the hotel room.
• a hospital bed
• a single bed [=a bed for one person]
• a double bed [=a bed for two people]
• He lay on the bed [=on top of the sheets, blankets, and bedspread] for a long time.
• Don't forget to make the bed. [=to neatly arrange the sheets, blankets, and bedspread on the bed so that the mattress is covered]
• He became ill and took to his bed. [=he went to lie in bed for a long time]

[noncount]

• She usually goes to bed [=lies down in her bed to sleep] around 11:00.
• It's time to get out of bed. [=get up]
• He lay/stayed in bed all morning.
• The kids like to hear a story before bed. [=before they go to sleep]
• Have you put the children to bed? [=have you prepared the children to go to sleep and put them in their beds?]
• Come on, children. It's time for bed. [=bedtime, time to sleep]
b [count] : something that is used to sleep on
• The blanket by the fireplace is the dog's bed.
• Her bed was a mound of soft pine needles.
- see also deathbed, sickbed, sunbed, water bed
2
- used in phrases that describe having sexual relations;
✦Someone who is good in bed is a skillful lover. When two people are in bed, they are in the act of having sex.
• She caught her husband and his secretary in bed together. = She caught her husband in bed with his secretary. To go to bed with someone is to have sex with someone.
• She likes him as a friend, but she's not interested in going to bed with him. To get someone into bed is to get someone to have sex with you.
• He has fantasies about getting a fashion model into bed. Phrases like these are also used figuratively.
• a politician who is accused of being in bed with the oil industry [=of having an improperly close relationship with the oil industry]
• The Communists and the Fascists got into bed with each other [=joined forces] to keep the liberals out of power.
3 [count] : a small area of ground specially prepared for plants
• I'm planning on putting a bed of perennials in that corner of the yard.
• a bed of flowers
- see also bed of roses, flower bed, seedbed
4 [count]
a : a flat pile or layer of something
• a bed of coals
b : a flat pile or layer of food that is placed on a dish with other food on top of it
• grilled fish served on a bed of greens
• a bed of rice
5 [count]
a : the ground that is at the bottom of a sea, lake, etc.
• seaweed growing on the ocean bed [=floor]
b : an area of shallow water where something grows
• an oyster bed [=an area where there are many oysters]
- see also riverbed, seabed
6 [count] technical : a layer of rock or some other material from inside the earth
• fossil beds
• a bed of shale
7 [count] : the platform or box in the back of some kinds of trucks
• the bed of the truck
• We loaded the equipment and put a cover over the truck bed.
- see also flatbed
die in (your) bed
- see 1die
get up on the wrong side of the bed US or chiefly Brit get out of bed on the wrong side : to be in a bad mood throughout the day
• Be careful when you talk to the boss. He got up on the wrong side of the bed this morning.
make your bed and lie in it
✦Expressions like you've made your bed, and now you must lie in it mean that you have done something that causes problems and now you must accept and deal with those problems.
• There's nothing we can do to help her. She's made her bed and has to lie in it.
marriage bed : a bed that married people share - sometimes used figuratively to refer to marriage in general or to the sexual relations that married people have
• the sorrows of their marriage bed

breakfast

breakfast [noun]

a meal eaten in the morning as the first meal of the day

US /ˈbrek.fəst/ 
UK /ˈbrek.fəst/ 
Breakfast - صبحانه

صبحانه

مثال: 

Come on, ​wake up - breakfast is ​ready.

عجله کن، بیدار شو، صبحانه آماده است.

 

a meal eaten in the morning as the first meal of the day

Breakfast - صبحانه
معادل فارسی: 

صبحانه

مثال انگلیسی: 

Come on, ​wake up - breakfast is ​ready.

عجله کن، بیدار شو، صبحانه آماده است.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

breakfast

 noun
the first meal of the day:
I had breakfast at seven o'clock.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

breakfast

breakfast S2 W2 /ˈbrekfəst/ BrE AmE noun [uncountable and countable]
[Date: 1400-1500; Origin: break + ↑fast4]
the meal you have in the morning:
We had bacon and eggs for breakfast.
I never eat breakfast.
After a hearty breakfast (=large breakfast), we set out for a hike.
a light breakfast (=small breakfast)
a working breakfast (=a breakfast at which you talk about business)
—breakfast verb [intransitive]
⇨ ↑bed and breakfast, ↑continental breakfast, ↑English breakfast, ⇨ wedding breakfast at ↑wedding(1), ⇨ make a dog’s breakfast of something at ↑dog1(8)
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
have/eat breakfast Paul got up, washed and had breakfast.
have something for breakfast What do you usually have for breakfast?
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + breakfast
a big breakfast Most people don’t eat a big breakfast nowadays.
a good/proper breakfast (=big and healthy) I think kids need a good breakfast before they go to school.
a hearty breakfast written (=big) The price includes a hearty breakfast.
a small/light breakfast She ate a light breakfast of toast and coffee.
an English/a full breakfast (=a big breakfast with bacon, egg, toast etc - used especially in hotels) A lot of people like to have an English breakfast on holiday.
a cooked/fried breakfast (=bacon, egg, toast etc) Do you feel like having a cooked breakfast?
a buffet breakfast (=one in a hotel, where you serve yourself) A buffet breakfast is served in the hotel's elegant dining room.
a continental breakfast (=coffee and bread with butter and jam) Continental breakfast can be served in your room.
a quick/hasty/hurried breakfast I grabbed a quick breakfast and ran to the bus stop.
a long/leisurely breakfast (=not hurried) On Sunday mornings I like to have a leisurely breakfast.
an early/late breakfast We had an early breakfast and left before 7.30.
a working breakfast (=at which you talk about business) She suggested we meet at 8.30 for a working breakfast.
■ breakfast + NOUN
the breakfast dishes Did you put the breakfast dishes in the dishwasher?
the breakfast things (=dishes, packets etc) Dad was clearing the breakfast things away.
a breakfast table/room The house has a large kitchen and a breakfast room.
breakfast cereal Many breakfast cereals are high in sugar.
breakfast time I don’t like talking at breakfast time.
breakfast television/TV (=programmes on television in the early morning) The children all eat their cereal in front of breakfast television.
• • •
THESAURUS
■ types of meal
breakfast a meal that you eat in the morning
brunch a meal that you eat in the late morning, instead of breakfast or lunch
lunch a meal that you eat in the middle of the day
tea British English a meal that you eat in the afternoon or evening
dinner the main meal of the day, which most people eat in the evening
supper a small meal that you eat in the evening, in British English; the main meal that you eat in the evening, in American English
picnic a meal that you eat outdoors, consisting of food that you cooked or prepared earlier
barbecue a meal that you cook outdoors over hot coals or wood and eat outdoors
snack a small amount of food that is eaten between main meals or instead of a meal
side dish food eaten with the main course, such as vegetables: I’ll have the salad as a side dish.
course one of the separate parts of a meal, such as the starter or the dessert: a three-course meal

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

breakfast

break·fast [breakfast breakfasts breakfasted breakfasting] noun, verb   [ˈbrekfəst]    [ˈbrekfəst] 

noun countable, uncountable
the first meal of the day
a big/hearty/light breakfast
(especially BrE) a cooked breakfast
Do you want bacon and eggs for breakfast?
They were having breakfast when I arrived.
She doesn't eat much breakfast.
see also  bed and breakfast, continental breakfast, English breakfast, power breakfast, wedding breakfast, see a dog's breakfast/dinner at  dog  n.  
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from the verb break  + the verb fast.  
Culture:
meals
Americans and British people generally eat three meals a day though the names vary according to people’s lifestyles and where they live.
The first meal of the day is breakfast. The traditional full English breakfast served in many British hotels may include fruit juice, cereal, bacon and eggs, often with sausages and tomatoes, toast and marmalade, and tea or coffee. Few people have time to prepare a cooked breakfast at home and most have only cereal and/or toast with tea or coffee. Others buy coffee and a pastry on their way to work.
The traditional American breakfast includes eggs, some kind of meat and toast. Eggs may be fried, ‘over easy’, ‘over hard’ or ‘sunny side up’, or boiled, poached or in an omelette (= beaten together and fried). The meat may be bacon or sausage. People who do not have time for a large meal have toast or cereal and coffee. It is common for Americans to eat breakfast in a restaurant. On Saturday and Sunday many people eat brunch late in the morning. This consists of both breakfast and lunch dishes, including pancakes and waffles (= types of cooked batter) that are eaten with butter and maple syrup.
Lunch, which is eaten any time after midday, is the main meal of the day for some British people, though people out at work may have only sandwiches. Some people also refer to the midday meal as dinner. Most workers are allowed about an hour off work for it, called the lunch hour, and many also go shopping. Many schools offer a cooked lunch (school lunch or school dinner), though some students take a packed lunch of sandwiches, fruit, etc. Sunday lunch is special and is, for many families, the biggest meal of the week, consisting traditionally of roast meat and vegetables and a sweet course. In the US lunch is usually a quick meal, eaten around midday. Many workers have a half-hour break for lunch, and buy a sandwich from near their place of work. Business people may sometimes eat a larger lunch and use the time to discuss business.
The main meal of the day for most people is the evening meal, called supper, tea or dinner. It is usually a cooked meal with meat or fish or a salad, followed by a sweet course. In Britain younger children may have tea when they get home from school. Tea, meaning a main meal for adults, is the word used in some parts of Britain especially when the evening meal is eaten early. Dinner sounds more formal than supper, and guests generally receive invitations to ‘dinner’ rather than to ‘supper’. In the US the evening meal is called dinner and is usually eaten around 6 or 6.30 p.m. In many families, both in Britain and in the US, family members eat at different times and rarely sit down at the table together.
Many people also eat snacks between meals. Most have tea or coffee at mid-morning, often called coffee time or the coffee break. In Britain in the past this was sometimes also called elevenses. In the afternoon many British people have a tea break. Some hotels serve afternoon tea which consists of tea or coffee and a choice of sandwiches and cakes. When on holiday/vacation people sometimes have a cream tea of scones, jam and cream. In addition many people eat chocolate bars, biscuits (AmE cookies) or crisps (AmE chips). Some British people have a snack, sometimes called supper, consisting of a milk drink and a biscuit before they go to bed. In the US children often have milk and cookies after school. 
Example Bank:
He treated his wife to breakfast in bed on her birthday.
Low-fat cheeses and yogurt are good breakfast foods.
Would you clear away the breakfast things?
a full English breakfast of cereal, bacon and eggs and toast
Do you want bacon and eggs for breakfast?
I always have a cooked breakfast.
I'm going to have a nice leisurely breakfast tomorrow.
• She doesn't eat much breakfast.

• The price per person includes a full English breakfast.

verb intransitive ~ (on sth) (formal)
to eat breakfast
 
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from the verb break  + the verb fast.  
Example Bank:
• Many of the hotel's guests had already breakfasted and departed.

• They breakfasted on coffee and hot rolls.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

breakfast / ˈbrek.fəst / noun [ C or U ]

A1 a meal eaten in the morning as the first meal of the day:

What do you want for breakfast?

Jane never eats breakfast.

She arrived shortly after breakfast.

Breakfast is served in the dining room from 8.30 till 10.00.

I love to eat breakfast in bed on Saturdays.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

breakfast

/brekfəst/
(breakfasts, breakfasting, breakfasted)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

1.
Breakfast is the first meal of the day. It is usually eaten in the early part of the morning.
What’s for breakfast?
...breakfast cereal.
N-VAR
see also bed and breakfast, continental breakfast, English breakfast

2.
When you breakfast, you have breakfast. (FORMAL)
All the ladies breakfasted in their rooms.
VERB: V adv/prep

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1break·fast /ˈbrɛkfəst/ noun, pl -fasts : the first meal of the day

[count]

• a big/good/hearty breakfast
• a working/business breakfast [=a breakfast during which you talk with someone about business matters]
• (Brit) a cooked breakfast [=a breakfast that includes cooked foods, such as eggs and meat]

[noncount]

• I had pancakes for breakfast.
• Did you have/eat breakfast before you left?
• We relaxed/chatted/dawdled over breakfast.
- often used before another noun
breakfast cereals
• They sat at the breakfast table.
- see also bed-and-breakfast, continental breakfast
a dog's breakfast
- see 1dog

coffee

coffee [noun]

A hot dark brown drink that has a slightly bitter taste

US /ˈkɑː.fi/ 
UK /ˈkɒf.i/ 
coffee - قهوه

قهوه

مثال: 

He made us some coffee.

او برای ما قهوه درست کرد.

A hot dark brown drink that has a slightly bitter taste

Coffee - قهوه
معادل فارسی: 

قهوه

مثال انگلیسی: 

He made us some coffee.

او برای ما قهوه درست کرد.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

coffee

 noun

1 (no plural) a brown powder made from the seeds (called coffee beans) of a tree that grows in hot countries. You use it for making a drink.

2 (no plural) a drink made by adding hot water to this powder:
Would you like coffee or tea?
a cup of coffee

3 (plural coffees) a cup of this drink:
Two coffees, please.

word building
White coffee has milk in it and black coffee has no milk.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

coffee

coffee S1 W2 /ˈkɒfi $ ˈkɒːfi, ˈkɑːfi/ BrE AmE noun
[Date: 1500-1600; Language: Italian; Origin: caffè, from Turkish kahve, from Arabic qahwa]

1. [uncountable] a hot dark brown drink that has a slightly bitter taste:
Do you want a cup of coffee?
Do you like your coffee white (=with milk) or black (=without milk)?
2. [uncountable and countable] a cup of coffee:
Who wants a coffee?
over coffee
dinner guests chatting over coffee (=while drinking coffee) ⇨ ↑decaffeinated
3. [uncountable] whole coffee beans, crushed coffee beans, or a powder to which you add water to make coffee:
a jar of coffee
instant coffee (=powdered coffee)
I haven’t got any real coffee (=coffee beans) at the moment.
4. [uncountable] a light brown colour
wake up and smell the coffee at ↑wake up(3)
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ phrases
a cup/mug of coffee Jake had a quick breakfast and a mug of coffee.
a pot of coffee Shall I make a pot of coffee?
■ verbs
have a coffee She stopped in a café to have a quick coffee.
drink coffee I don’t often drink coffee.
sip coffee (=drink it slowly) He sat in his chair, peacefully sipping his coffee.
make coffee You wash up and I’ll make the coffee.
pour the coffee (out) He poured the coffee out into mugs.
spill coffee He’d accidentally spilt coffee over the table.
■ adjectives
black (=without milk) He went up to the counter and ordered a black coffee.
white (=with milk) I’d like a white coffee, please.
fresh (=made very recently using coffee beans) the delicious smell of fresh coffee
strong/weak I needed some strong coffee to wake me up.
milky (=with a lot of milk in it) a steaming mug of milky coffee
decaffeinated (also decaf informal) (=without any caffeine in it) Have you got any decaf coffee?
■ coffee + NOUN
a coffee cup/mug Kate put down her coffee cup.
a coffee pot She refilled the coffee pot.
a coffee machine (=for making coffee) Janice crossed to the coffee machine and filled two plastic cups.
a coffee break (=a break from work to have some coffee) Shall we stop for a coffee break?
a coffee stain (=a mark left by coffee or a coffee cup) The table was covered in coffee stains.
• • •
THESAURUS
■ types of coffee
espresso strong black Italian coffee: I’ll have a double espresso.
latte coffee made by adding a lot of hot milk to a small amount of strong coffee: Two lattes please.
cappuccino coffee that has hot milk with a lot of bubbles in it, usually with chocolate powder on top: I’ll have another cappuccino, please.
Americano coffee made by pouring a small amount of strong black Italian coffee on top of hot water: Can I have an Americano?
decaf informal coffee that does not contain ↑caffeine . Decaf is short for ‘decaffeinated’: I always drink decaf. | a decaf latte
skinny a skinny latte or capuccino has very low-fat milk in it: I asked for a skinny latte, not a full-fat one.
filter coffee coffee made using a paper filter: We usually drink filter coffee at home.
iced coffee coffee served cold with ice: a can of iced coffee
 

coffee shop

ˈcoffee shop BrE AmE noun [countable]
1. American English a restaurant that serves cheap meals
2. British English a place in a large shop or a hotel that serves meals and non-alcoholic drinks

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

coffee

cof·fee [coffee coffees]   [ˈkɒfi]    [ˈkɔːfi]    [ˈkɑːfi]  noun
1. uncountable, countable the roasted seeds (called coffee beans) of a tropical bush; a powder made from them
decaffeinated/instant coffee
ground/real coffee
a jar of coffee
a blend of Brazilian and Colombian coffees

coffee ice cream

2. uncountable a hot drink made from coffee powder and boiling water. It may be drunk with milk and/or sugar added
black/white coffee (= without/with milk)
Tea or coffee?
I'll just make the coffee.

Let's talk over coffee (= while drinking coffee).

3. countable a cup of coffee

Two strong black coffees, please.

4. uncountable the colour of coffee mixed with milk; light brown
see wake up and smell the coffee at  wake  v.  
Word Origin:
late 16th cent.: from Turkish kahveh, from Arabic qahwa, probably via Dutch koffie.  
Example Bank:
An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.
Do you drink coffee?
He brought in two mugs of steaming coffee.
He took a sip of his coffee.
I had two coffees while I waited.
I have milk but no sugar in my coffee.
I'll make some coffee for breakfast.
Let's go for a coffee when you've finished your essay.
She drinks very milky coffee with lots of sugar.
Tea and coffee-making facilities are available in the kitchen.
The others will be back soon— I'll go and make some fresh coffee.
Would you like real or instant coffee?
a mug of strong black coffee
a packet of freshly-ground coffee
a pot of piping hot coffee
coffee laced with cognac

freshly brewed coffee

coffee shop

ˈcoffee shop [coffee shop coffee shops]       noun

a small restaurant, often in a store, hotel, etc, where coffee, tea, other drinks without alcohol and simple food are served

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

coffee

coffee /ˈkɒf.i/ US /ˈkɑː.fi/
noun [C or U]
a dark brown powder with a strong flavour and smell that is made by crushing coffee beans, or a hot drink made from this powder:
decaffeinated coffee
fresh/instant coffee
a cup of coffee
Would you get some coffee when you go shopping?
If I drink too much coffee, I can't sleep.
Can I get you a coffee (= cup of coffee)?
I'd like a black coffee (= a cup of coffee without milk), please.
Do you take (= drink) your coffee white (= with milk)?

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

coffee

/kɒfi, AM kɔ:fi/
(coffees)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

1.
Coffee is a hot drink made with water and ground or powdered coffee beans.
Would you like some coffee?...
N-UNCOUNT

A coffee is a cup of coffee.
I made a coffee.
N-COUNT

2.
Coffee is the roasted beans or powder from which the drink is made.
Brazil harvested 28m bags of coffee in 1991, the biggest crop for four years.
...superior quality coffee.
N-MASS
 

coffee shop

also coffee-shop
(coffee shops)

A coffee shop is a kind of restaurant that sells coffee, tea, cakes, and sometimes sandwiches and light meals.

N-COUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

coffee

cof·fee /ˈkɑːfi/ noun, pl -fees
1 : a dark brown drink made from ground coffee beans and boiled water

[noncount]
• a cup of coffee
• iced/decaffeinated coffee
• I'll make/brew some coffee.

[count]

• Would you like another coffee? [=another cup of coffee]
- often used before another noun
• a coffee cup
coffee mugs
coffee ice cream [=ice cream that has the flavor of coffee]
2 [noncount] : coffee beans
• I bought a pound of coffee.
wake up and smell the coffee
- see 1wake

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