wind and winds

draft

draft [noun] (COLD AIR)

US for draught noun (COLD AIR)

US /dræft/ 
UK /drɑːft/ 

(هوا) جريان‌، كوران‌

مثال: 

Can you shut the door? There's a draft in here.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

draft

 American English for draught, draughty

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

draft

I. draft1 S2 W3 AC /drɑːft $ dræft/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Date: 1500-1600; Origin: ⇨ ↑draught1]
1. PIECE OF WRITING a piece of writing or a plan that is not yet in its finished form:
the rough draft of his new novel
I read the first draft and thought it was very good.
All parties eventually approved the final draft (=finished form) of the peace treaty.
2. MILITARYthe draft American English
a) a system in which people are ordered to join the army, navy etc, especially during a war SYN conscription
b) the group of people who are ordered to do this
3. MONEY especially British English a written order for money to be paid by a bank, especially from one bank to another
4. SPORTS American English a system in which professional teams choose players from colleges to join their teams
5. COLD AIR/BEER the American spelling of ↑draught
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ adjectives
the first/second etc draft The second draft of the agreement contained a few important changes.
the final draft (=the finished form) He showed me the final draft of his letter.
a rough draft (=not the finished form) Could you let me see a rough draft of your report?
the original draft (=the first one) The hero had a different name in the original draft of the story.
an early/earlier draft (=written before others) In earlier drafts of the speech, he criticized the pace of political progress.
a preliminary draft (=coming before others) A preliminary draft of the charter has been issued.
■ verbs
write/draw up/prepare a draft (=write one) Always write a rough draft of your essay first. | He drew up a draft of the club’s rules and regulations.
approve a draft (=officially accept one) The draft was approved by the Senate.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

draft

 

 

draft AW [draft drafts drafted drafting] noun, adjective, verb   [drɑːft]    [dræft] 

 

noun
1. countable a rough written version of sth that is not yet in its final form
I've made a rough draft of the letter.
This is only the first draft of my speech.
the final draft (= the final version)
The legislation is still in draft form.

• a draft constitution/treaty/agreement

2. countable (finance) a written order to a bank to pay money to sb

• Payment must be made by bank draft drawn on a UK bank.

 

3. the draft singular (especially US) =  conscription

4. singular (NAmE) a system in which professional teams in some sports choose players each year from among college students

• He was the fourth player chosen in the 2007 draft, but the first of his class to reach the major leagues.

5. countable (NAmE) =  draught
Can you shut the door? There's a draft in here.  
Word Origin:
mid 16th cent.: phonetic spelling of draught.  
Culture:
In the US the draft refers to the US government’s Selective Service system, in which young people were required by law to serve in the armed forces. It was replaced in 1973 by a system in which people may join the forces only if they wish to. However, young men must still add their names to the draft list when they are 18, in case of a future military emergency. People who tried to avoid the draft, especially during the Vietnam War, were known as draft dodgers.
note at  national service

Thesaurus:
draft noun C
This is only the first draft of my speech.
plandesignblueprint
a rough draft/plan
the orginal/first/final draft/plan/design/blueprint
draw up/produce a draft/plan/design 
Example Bank:
I finished the first draft in late August 2007.
I sent an early draft to an agent.
She produced an initial draft of her plans.
The document is still in draft form.
The preliminary draft of the agreement has been approved.
The students were invited to submit drafts for feedback.
These details were not included in the preliminary draft.
Is this the final draft?
• The original drafts for the new building are with the architects.

• There is a rough draft of how the park should be laid out.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

draft / drɑːft /   / dræft / noun [ C ] (PLAN)

B2 a piece of text, a formal suggestion, or a drawing in its original state, often containing the main ideas and intentions but not the developed form:

This is only a rough draft - the finished article will have pictures as well.

She asked me to check the (first) draft of her proposal.

 

draft / drɑːft /   / dræft / noun (MILITARY)

the draft [ S ] mainly US ( UK conscription ) the system of ordering people by law to join the armed forces:

He avoided the draft because of a foot injury.

 

draft / drɑːft /   / dræft / noun [ C ] (MONEY)

a written order for money to be paid by a bank, especially to another bank:

I arranged for some money to be sent from London to Madrid by banker's draft.

 

draft / drɑːft /   / dræft / noun [ C ] (COLD AIR)

US for draught noun (COLD AIR)

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

draft

[drɑ͟ːft, dræ̱ft]
 ♦♦♦
 drafts, drafting, drafted

 1) N-COUNT: usu with supp A draft is an early version of a letter, book, or speech.
  I rewrote his rough draft, which was published under my name...
  I faxed a first draft of this article to him.
  ...a draft report from a major US university.
  ...a draft law.
 2) VERB When you draft a letter, book, or speech, you write the first version of it.
  [V n] He drafted a standard letter to the editors...
  [V n] The legislation was drafted by House Democrats.
 3) VERB: usu passive If you are drafted, you are ordered to serve in the armed forces, usually for a limited period of time. [mainly AM]
  [be V-ed into n] During the Second World War, he was drafted into the US Army...
  [be V-ed] He wasn't drafted for the war; he volunteered for the Navy.
  Syn:
  conscript
 4) VERB If people are drafted into a place, they are moved there to do a particular job.
  [be V-ed in/into n] Extra police have been drafted into the town after the violence...
  [V n in/into n] The manager will make a special plea to draft the player into his squad as a replacement. [Also be V-ed]
 5) N-SING: the N The draft is the practice of ordering people to serve in the armed forces, usually for a limited period of time. [mainly AM]
  ...his effort to avoid the draft.
  Syn:
  conscription
 6) N-COUNT: oft by N A draft is a written order for payment of money by a bank, especially from one bank to another.
  The money was payable by a draft drawn by the home...
  Ten days later Carmen received a bank draft for a plane ticket.
 7) → See also draught

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1draft /ˈdræft, Brit ˈdrɑːft/ noun, pl drafts
1 [count] : a version of something (such as a document) that you make before you make the final version
• The published poem differs quite a bit from earlier drafts.
• I just completed a rough draft [=a first version that needs a lot of editing and rewriting] of my speech.
• The final draft [=the final version] is due tomorrow.
2 US draft or Brit draught [count] : cool air moving in a closed space (such as a room)
• You may want to seal the windows with plastic to stop drafts.
3 [count] US
a : a system in which young people are required to join the armed forces of a country for a period of service - usually singular
• There is debate about whether the country needs a draft.
• Congress reinstated the draft.
- often used before another noun
• He burned his draft card.
• He's a draft dodger. [=a person who illegally avoids joining the armed forces]
b : a system by which professional sports teams choose players from college or high school teams - usually singular
• He was chosen in the first round of the draft.
- often used before another noun
draft day
• He was a first-round draft pick.
4 US draft or Brit draught [count] formal + literary : an act of drinking something also; : the amount swallowed at one time
• He took a big draft of beer.
5 US draft or Brit draught [count] : a beer that is stored in and poured from a large container
• The bar has 15 different drafts on tap.
6 : an order for the payment of money from a person or bank to another person or bank

[count]

• The bank issued a draft.

[noncount]

• Payment must be made by bank draft.
7 US draft or Brit draught technical
a : the depth of water that a boat needs in order to be able to float

[count]

- usually singular
• a boat with a deep/shallow draft

[noncount]

• a ship with 45 feet of draft
b [noncount] : the depth of the water in a river, channel, etc.
• a canal/channel that provides 60 feet of draft
8 draught [count] Brit2checker
on draft US or Brit on draught of beer : stored in and poured from a large container instead of in individual bottles or cans
• The bar has beer on draft. [=on tap]

draught

draught [noun] (COLD AIR)

draught UK (US draft)

a current of unpleasantly cold air blowing through a room

US /dræft/ 
UK /drɑːft/ 

(هوا) جريان‌، كوران‌

مثال: 

There's a draught in here.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

draught

 (British) (American draft) noun
cold air that comes into a room:
Can you shut the window? I can feel a draught.

>> draughty (British) (American drafty) adjective (draughtier, draughtiest) :
a draughty old house

 

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

draught

I. draught1 /drɑːft $ dræft/ BrE AmE noun [countable] British English
[Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old English; Origin: dragan 'to pull'; ⇨ ↑draw1]
1. AIR cold air that moves through a room and that you can feel SYN draft American English:
Can you close the window? I’m in a draught.
2. BEER on draught beer that is on draught is served from a large container rather than a bottle SYN on draft American English
3. GAME
a) draughts [uncountable] a game played by two people, each with 12 round pieces, on a board of 64 squares SYN checkers American English
b) one of the round pieces used in the game of draughts SYN checker American English
4. MEDICINE old use a medicine that you drink:
a sleeping draught
5. SHIP technical the depth of water needed by a ship so that it will not touch the bottom of the sea, a river etc SYN draft American English
6. SWALLOW written the act of swallowing liquid, or the amount of liquid swallowed at one time SYN draft American English:
Mick took a long draught of lager.
• • •
THESAURUS
wind air moving in a current, especially strongly or quickly: A cold wind was blowing from the east. | Strong winds caused damage to many buildings.
breeze a gentle pleasant wind: The trees were moving gently in the breeze. | A slight breeze ruffled her hair.
draught British English, draft American English /drɑːft $ dræft/ a current of cool air which blows into a room, especially one that makes you feel uncomfortable: There’s a bit of a draught in here – can you close the door?

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

draught

 

 

draught [draught draughts draughted draughting]   [drɑːft]    [drɑːft]  (BrE) (NAmE draft) noun, adjective, verb

 

noun
1. countable a flow of cool air in a room or other confined space
There's a draught in here.
A cold draught of air blew in from the open window.
I was sitting in a draught.

• She shivered in the icy draught.

2. countable (formal) one continuous action of swallowing liquid; the amount swallowed

• He took a deep draught of his beer.

3. countable (old use or literary) medicine in a liquid form

• a sleeping draught (= one that makes you sleep)

 

4. draughts (BrE) (NAmE check·ers) uncountable a game for two players using 24 round pieces on a board marked with black and white squares

5. countable (BrE) (NAmE check·er) one of the round pieces used in a game of draughts  
Word Origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘drawing, pulling’; also ‘something drawn, a load’): from Old Norse dráttr, of Germanic origin; related to German Tracht, also to draw. Compare with draft.  
Example Bank:
Fit draught excluders to the bottoms of doors.
a draught coming under the door
the draught from the window
I was sitting in a draught.
• There's a draught in here.

Idiom: on draught 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

draught UK ( US draft ) / drɑːft /   / dræft / noun [ C ] (COLD AIR)

C1 a current of unpleasantly cold air blowing through a room

 

draught UK , specialized ( US draft ) / drɑːft /   / dræft / noun [ C ] (BOATS)

the depth of water needed for a boat to be able to float:

A punt has a shallow draught.

 

draught UK ( US draft ) / drɑːft /   / dræft / noun [ U ] (BEER)

a system of storing and serving drinks from large containers, especially barrels:

Is the lager on draught or is it bottled?

 

draught UK ( US draft ) / drɑːft /   / dræft / noun (GAME)

draughts [ U ] UK ( US checkers )

a game for two people, each with twelve circular pieces that they move on a board with black and white squares

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

draught

[drɑ͟ːft, dræ̱ft]
 draughts
 (in AM, use draft)
 1) N-COUNT A draught is a current of air that comes into a place in an undesirable way.
  Block draughts around doors and windows...
  On a cold day there can be quite a draught from the letterbox.
 2) ADJ: usu ADJ n Draught beer is beer which is kept in barrels rather than bottles.
  Draught beer is available too.
  ●
  PHRASE: PHR after v, v-link PHR Beer that is on draught is kept in and served from a barrel rather than a bottle.
  They drink bitter on draught in the local bar.
  Syn:
  on tap
 3) N-COUNT: with supp, oft N of n A draught of liquid is a large amount that you swallow.
  He took a draught of beer...
  Having added more fruit juice on top, drink it down in one draught.
 4) N-UNCOUNT Draughts is a game for two people, played with 24 round pieces on a board. [BRIT]
  He was in the study playing draughts by the fire with Albert.(in AM, use checkers)
 5) N-COUNT A draught is one of the round pieces which are used in the game of draughts. [BRIT](in AM, use checker)
 6) ADJ: ADJ n A draught animal is one which pulls heavy loads, for example on a farm.
  ...an Irish draught mare.
 7) N-COUNT: usu supp N A draught is a medicine in the form of a liquid which you drink. [OLD-FASHIONED]
  One of the night-duty nuns gave her a sleeping draught.

 

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1draft /ˈdræft, Brit ˈdrɑːft/ noun, pl drafts
1 [count] : a version of something (such as a document) that you make before you make the final version
• The published poem differs quite a bit from earlier drafts.
• I just completed a rough draft [=a first version that needs a lot of editing and rewriting] of my speech.
• The final draft [=the final version] is due tomorrow.
2 US draft or Brit draught [count] : cool air moving in a closed space (such as a room)
• You may want to seal the windows with plastic to stop drafts.
3 [count] US
a : a system in which young people are required to join the armed forces of a country for a period of service - usually singular
• There is debate about whether the country needs a draft.
• Congress reinstated the draft.
- often used before another noun
• He burned his draft card.
• He's a draft dodger. [=a person who illegally avoids joining the armed forces]
b : a system by which professional sports teams choose players from college or high school teams - usually singular
• He was chosen in the first round of the draft.
- often used before another noun
draft day
• He was a first-round draft pick.
4 US draft or Brit draught [count] formal + literary : an act of drinking something also; : the amount swallowed at one time
• He took a big draft of beer.
5 US draft or Brit draught [count] : a beer that is stored in and poured from a large container
• The bar has 15 different drafts on tap.
6 : an order for the payment of money from a person or bank to another person or bank

[count]

• The bank issued a draft.

[noncount]

• Payment must be made by bank draft.
7 US draft or Brit draught technical
a : the depth of water that a boat needs in order to be able to float

[count]

- usually singular
• a boat with a deep/shallow draft

[noncount]

• a ship with 45 feet of draft
b [noncount] : the depth of the water in a river, channel, etc.
• a canal/channel that provides 60 feet of draft
8 draught [count] Brit2checker
on draft US or Brit on draught of beer : stored in and poured from a large container instead of in individual bottles or cans
• The bar has beer on draft. [=on tap]

windy

windy [adjective]

With a lot of wind

US /ˈwɪn.di/ 
UK /ˈwɪn.di/ 

پرباد، طوفانی

مثال: 

When they arrived the whether was windy.

زمانی که آنها رسیدند هوا طوفانی بود.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

windy

 adjective (windier, windiest)
with a lot of wind:
It's very windy today!

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

windy

windy S3 /ˈwɪndi/ BrE AmE (comparative windier, superlative windiest) adjective
1. if it is windy, there is a lot of wind:
It’s too windy for a picnic.
a cold, windy day
a windy hillside
2. windy talk is full of words that sound impressive but do not mean much:
politicians’ windy generalizations
• • •
THESAURUS
windy if it is windy, there is a lot of wind: It's too windy for a picnic. | a windy day in October
blustery blustery weather is very windy, with sudden strong winds: a cold and blustery day
breezy if the weather is breezy, the wind blows fairly strongly: a sunny but breezy day in springtime
blowy informal windy: It's a bit blowy out there. | The day was grey and cold and blowy.
stormy if the weather is stormy, there are strong winds, heavy rain, and dark clouds: The sky was starting to look stormy. | a period of stormy weather
windswept a windswept place is often windy because there are not many trees or buildings to protect it: The beach was cold and windswept. | Thousands of the birds live on the windswept islands off the north coast of Scotland.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

windy

windy [windy windier windiest]   [ˈwɪndi]    [ˈwɪndi]  adjective (wind·ier, windi·est)
1. (of weather, etc.) with a lot of wind
a windy day
• It's too windy to go out in the boat.

Opp:  windless

2. (of a place) getting a lot of wind

• windy hills

3. (informal, disapproving) (of speech) involving speaking for longer than necessary and in a way that is complicated and not clear 
Word Origin:
Old English windig (see wind1, -y).  
Example Bank:
• It's getting very windy.

• a wet and windy day

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

windy / ˈwɪn.di / adjective

A2 with a lot of wind:

It was a windy night.

It was wet and windy for most of the week.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

windy

/wɪndi/
(windier, windiest)

If it is windy, the wind is blowing a lot.
It was windy and Jake felt cold.

ADJ

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

windy

windy /ˈwɪndi/ adj wind·i·er; -est
1 : having a lot of wind
• It's a windy day.
• It's windy outside.
• a windy part of the country
2 : using too many words
• He gave a long, windy speech.
• a windy politician

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