knowing and learning

recognize

recognize [noun] (KNOW)

to know someone or something because you have seen, heard, or experienced them before

US /ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz/ 
UK /ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz/ 

تشخيص‌ دادن‌، بازشناختن‌

مثال: 

I hadn't seen her for 20 years, but I recognized her immediately.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

recognize

 verb (recognizes, recognizing, recognized )

1 to know again somebody or something that you have seen or heard before:
I didn't recognize you without your glasses.

2 to know that something is true:
They recognize that there is a problem.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

recognize

recognize S1 W1 BrE AmE (also recognise British English) /ˈrekəɡnaɪz, ˈrekən-/ verb [transitive]
[Word Family: verb: ↑recognize; noun: ↑recognition; adverb: ↑recognizably; adjective: ↑recognizable ≠ ↑unrecognizable]
[Date: 1400-1500; Language: Old French; Origin: reconoistre, from Latin recognoscere, from cognoscere 'to know']
1. [not in progressive] to know who someone is or what something is, because you have seen, heard, experienced, or learned about them in the past:
I didn’t recognize you in your uniform.
It was malaria, but Dr Lee hadn’t recognized the symptoms.
REGISTER
In everyday English, people often say that they know (that) it is someone or something rather than say they recognize them:
▪ I knew it was her by the hat she was wearing.
2. to officially accept that an organization, government, document etc has legal or official authority:
British medical qualifications are recognized in Canada.
recognize something as something
The World Health Organization has recognized alcoholism as a disease since 1951.
3. to accept or admit that something is true
recognize (that)
One must recognise that homesickness is natural.
recognize what/how/who etc
It is important to recognize how little we know about this disease.
4. [usually in passive] if something is recognized by people, they realize that it is important or very good:
Alexander tried to get his work recognized by the medical profession.
be recognized as something
Lawrence’s novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius.
a recognized authority on Roman pottery
5. to officially and publicly thank someone for something they have done, by giving them a special honour:
He was recognized for having saved many lives.
—recognizable /ˈrekəɡnaɪzəbəl, -kən- ˌrekəɡˈnaɪ-/ adjective:
His face was instantly recognizable.
—recognizably adverb
• • •
THESAURUS
recognize to know who someone is or what something is, especially because you have seen or heard them before: I hadn’t seen her for ten years, but I recognized her immediately. | Do you recognize this song?
identify to recognize someone or something and say who or what they are: As they came closer, I was able to identify two of the group. | It’s delicious but I can’t quite identify the taste.
distinguish to recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people: By this age, kids can usually distinguish between right and wrong. | It’s often difficult to distinguish identical twins from each other.
make something/somebody out to be able to see or hear something or someone – used when it is very difficult to do this: In the distance, I could just make out the outline of an island. | He whispered something but I couldn’t make out what it was.
discern /dɪˈsɜːn $ -ɜːrn/ formal to notice or understand something by looking carefully or thinking about it carefully: I thought I discerned a faint gleam of hope in his eyes. | A number of differences can be discerned in the data for the three countries.
know to recognize someone or something. Know is often used in everyday English instead of recognize: How do you know that it is real gold? | I know him from somewhere. | I can’t remember his name, but I know his face.
can tell to be able to recognize someone or something: I could tell that it was him by his voice. | Can you tell that it’s not real leather? | It’s difficult to be able to tell them apart (=to recognize that they are different).

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

recognize

rec·og·nize (BrE also -ise) [recognize recognizes recognized recognizing]   [ˈrekəɡnaɪz]    [ˈrekəɡnaɪz]  verb

(not used in the progressive tenses)

1. to know who sb is or what sth is when you see or hear them, because you have seen or heard them or it before
~ sb/sth I recognized him as soon as he came in the room.
• Do you recognize this tune?

~ sb/sth by/from sth I recognized her by her red hair.

2. to admit or to be aware that sth exists or is true
Syn:  acknowledge
~ sth They recognized the need to take the problem seriously.
~ sth as sth Drugs were not recognized as a problem then.
~ how, what, etc… Nobody recognized how urgent the situation was.
~ that… We recognized that the task was not straightforward.
it is recognized that… It was recognized that this solution could only be temporary.

~ sb/sth to be/have sth Drugs were not recognized to be a problem then.

3. to accept and approve of sb/sth officially
~ sb/sth (as sth) recognized qualifications
• The UK has refused to recognize the new regime.

be recognized to be/have sth He is recognized to be their natural leader.

4. be recognized (as sth) to be thought of as very good or important by people in general
• The book is now recognized as a classic.

• She's a recognized authority on the subject.

5. ~ sb/sth to give sb official thanks for sth that they have done or achieved
His services to the state were recognized with the award of a knighthood.
See also: -ise
Verb forms:
 
Word Origin:
late Middle English (earliest attested as a term in Scots law): from Old French reconniss-, stem of reconnaistre, from Latin recognoscere ‘know again, recall to mind’, from re- ‘again’ + cognoscere ‘learn’.  
Thesaurus:
recognize (BrE also -ise) verb
1. T (not used in the progressive tenses)
I recognized him by the way he walked.
knowidentifyplacepick sb/sth outmake sb/sth out|formal discern
recognize/know/identify sb/sth by sth
recognize/identify sb/sth as sb/sth
recognize/know/identify/make out/discern who/what/how…
Recognize or know? Know is used especially to talk about sounds, or when sb recognizes the quality or opportunity that sb/sth represents, as in the phrase sb knows a…when they see one:
I know that voice/laugh/tune!
He knows a lady when he sees one.
Recognize can also be used in this way but sounds slightly more formal. Know is not usually used to talk about people:
I recognized him as soon as he came in.
 ¤ I knew him as soon as he came in.
2. T (not used in the progressive tenses)
The directors recognize that there is a serious problem.
admitacknowledgegrantconcedeconfess
recognize/admit/acknowledge/grant/concede/confess that…
It is/was (generally) recognized/admitted/acknowledged/granted/conceded that…
you must recognize/admit/acknowledge/grant/concede/confess sth
3. T (not used in the progressive tenses)
These qualifications are internationally recognized.
approveconfirmratifycertify|formal validate
recognize/approve/confirm/ratify/certify/validate sth as sth
recognize/approve/validate a course
officially recognize/approve/confirm/ratify sth 
Example Bank:
All rivers should be officially recognized as public rights of way.
Criminal law implicitly recognizes a difference between animals and property.
Do any US states currently recognize gay marriage?
He readily recognizes the influence of Freud on his thinking.
He recognized the man as one of the police officers.
I immediately recognized the building.
I recognized them from a television show.
I vaguely recognized his voice, but couldn't think of his name.
It's important to recognize that obesity isn't necessarily caused by overeating.
She recognized the song correctly.
Stella hardly recognized her brother.
The 1970s are rightly recognized as a golden era of Hollywood film-making.
The Medway estuary is recognized internationally as a conservation area.
The company had been slow to recognize the opportunities available to it.
The company should publicly recognize its mistake.
The court explicitly recognized the group's right to exist.
The estuary is recognized internationally as an important area for wildlife.
The government has belatedly recognized the danger to health of passive smoking.
The law clearly recognizes that a company is separate from those who invest in it.
The strength of this argument is being increasingly recognized.
They fully recognize the need to proceed carefully.
This is the only species of flamingo in the region, easily recognized by its pink plumage.
This issue must be recognized as a priority for the next administration.
You learn to recognize the calls of different birds.
I recognized him by the way he walked.
• The qualifications are internationally recognized.

• We barely recognized her— she had changed so much in ten years.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

recognize ( UK usually recognise ) / ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz / verb [ T ] (KNOW)

B1 to know someone or something because you have seen, heard, or experienced them before:

I hadn't seen her for 20 years, but I recognized her immediately.

Do you recognize this song?

Doctors are trained to recognize the symptoms of different diseases.

 

recognize ( UK usually recognise ) / ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz / verb (ACCEPT)

B2 [ T ] to accept that something is legal, true, or important:

The international community has refused to recognize (= officially accept the existence of) the newly independent nation state.

[ + (that) ] He sadly recognized (that) he would die childless.

You must recognize the seriousness of the problems we are facing.

C1 [ T often passive ] If a person's achievements are recognized, official approval is shown for them:

The prime minister recognized her services to her country by awarding her an MBE.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

recognize

[re̱kəgnaɪz]
 ♦♦
 recognizes, recognizing, recognized

 (in BRIT, also use recognise)
 1) VERB: no cont If you recognize someone or something, you know who that person is or what that thing is.
  [V n] The receptionist recognized him at once...
  [V n] He did not think she could recognize his car in the snow...
  [V n as n] A man I easily recognized as Luke's father sat with a newspaper on his lap.
 2) VERB: no cont If someone says that they recognize something, they acknowledge that it exists or that it is true.
  [V n] I recognize my own shortcomings...
  [V that] Well, of course I recognize that evil exists.
  Syn:
  accept
 3) VERB If people or organizations recognize something as valid, they officially accept it or approve of it.
  [V n as n] Most doctors appear to recognize homeopathy as a legitimate form of medicine...
  [V n] France is on the point of recognizing the independence of the Baltic States.
  [V-ed] ...a nationally recognized expert on psychology. [Also V that]
  Syn:
  accept
 4) VERB When people recognize the work that someone has done, they show their appreciation of it, often by giving that person an award of some kind.
  [V n as n] The RAF recognized him as an outstandingly able engineer...
  [V n] He had the insight to recognize their talents...
  [V n] Nichols was recognized by the Hall of Fame in 1949.

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

recognize

rec·og·nize also Brit rec·og·nise /ˈrɛkɪgˌnaɪz/ verb -niz·es; -nized; -niz·ing [+ obj]
1 not used in progressive tenses : to know and remember (someone or something) because of previous knowledge or experience
• I didn't recognize you at first with your new haircut.
• I can always recognize him from far away by/from the way he walks.
• They recognized the odor at once.
2 : to accept or be aware that (something) is true or exists
• It's important to recognize [=be aware of] your own faults.
• They started talking and quickly recognized [=realized] how much they had in common.
3 : to accept and approve of (something) as having legal or official authority
• The U.S. government has now recognized the newly formed country.
• They refused to recognize the treaty.
4 : to think of (someone or something) as being something specified
• The institute is an internationally recognized authority on eye surgery.
• Walt Whitman is recognized as one of America's great poets.
5 : to publicly give special attention or notice to (someone or something)
• They recognized her years of service with a special award.
• We want to find an appropriate way to recognize his achievements.
- rec·og·niz·able also Brit rec·og·nis·able /ˈrɛkɪgˌnaɪzəbəl/ adj [more ~; most ~]
• She has one of the most recognizable faces in the movie industry.
• The bird is easily recognizable because of its bright red feathers.
- rec·og·niz·ably also Brit rec·og·nis·ably /ˈrɛkɪgˌnaɪzəbli/ adv
recognizably different versions

study

study [verb] (LEARN)

To learn about a subject at school, university etc

US /ˈstʌd.i/ 
UK /ˈstʌd.i/ 
study - مطالعه کردن

مطالعه‌ كردن‌، خواندن‌ (با دقت‌)

مثال: 

Richard studied ​engineering at Manchester University.

ریچارد در دانشگاه منچسترتحصیل کرده است.

To learn about a subject at school, university etc

study - درس خواندن
معادل فارسی: 

مطالعه‌ كردن‌، خواندن‌ (با دقت‌)

مثال انگلیسی: 

Richard studied ​engineering at Manchester University.

ریچارد در دانشگاه منچسترتحصیل کرده است.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

study

 verb (studies, studying, studied /, has studied)

1 to spend time learning about something:
He studied French at university.

2 to look at something carefully:
We must study the map before we leave.

 noun (plural studies)

1 the activity of learning about something:
He's doing a course in Business Studies.
Biology is the study of living things.

2 a room in a house where you go to study, read or write

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

study

I. study1 S2 W3 /ˈstʌdi/ BrE AmE noun (plural studies)
[Word Family: noun: ↑student, ↑study, ↑studiousness; adjective: ↑studious, ↑studied; verb: ↑study; adverb: ↑studiously]
[Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: estudie, from Latin studium 'mental effort, eagerness, study', from studere 'to be eager, try to be helpful, study']
1. RESEARCH [countable] a piece of work that is done to find out more about a particular subject or problem, and usually includes a written report:
Recent studies show that women still get paid a lot less than men.
study of/into/on
a study of Australian wild birds
The study was carried out between January and May 2008. ⇨ ↑case study
2. LEARNING [uncountable] when you spend time learning, especially at home or by yourself rather than during school:
Set aside a period of time specifically for study.
ways to improve study skills (=skills that help you study efficiently and be successful in school)
3. SUBJECT [uncountable] (also studies [plural])
a subject that people study at a college or university
study of
Linguistics is the study of language.
Environmental Studies
literary/historical/scientific etc study
the scientific study of earthquakes
4. sb’s studies the work that someone does in order to learn about a particular subject, especially the courses they take at a college or university:
How are your studies coming along?
begin/continue/stop etc your studies
I gave up my studies when I had the baby.
5. CAREFUL CONSIDERATION [uncountable] when you examine or consider something very carefully and in detail:
a report that deserves careful study
6. ROOM [countable] a room in a house that is used for work or study ⇨ office
7. ART [countable] a small detailed drawing, especially one that is done to prepare for a large painting:
Renoir’s studies of small plants and flowers
8. MUSIC [countable] a piece of music, usually for piano, that is often intended for practice
9. make a study of something to try to find out more about a subject
10. be a study in something literary to be a perfect example of something:
His face was a study in fear.
11. a quick study American English someone who learns things quickly
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
do a study/carry out a study (also conduct a study formal) The scientists are carrying out a study into the effects of global warming.
a study finds something The study found that men were more likely to take risks.
a study shows something Studies have shown that the drug works.
a study suggests/indicates something A British study suggests that older drivers are safer drivers.
a study reveals something (=shows something, especially something surprising) A recent study revealed that 74% of donuts are bought on impulse.
a study confirms something (=shows that something is true) The study confirms what we all know – smoking is also bad for the people around you.
a study aims to do something The study aimed to identify the housing needs of local people.
publish a study The study was published in the British Medical Journal.
fund a study (=pay for it) The study was funded by a major US drugs company.
commission a study (=ask someone to carry out a study) The government has commissioned a study into the health of residents living near the power station.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + study
a research study Research studies have found that young people are drinking no more than they were 20 years ago.
a detailed study (also an in-depth study) They carried out a detailed study into the effects of the disease on mice.
a two-year/three-month etc study They are engaged in a five-year study into the effects of calcium on bone health.
a huge/massive study The journal published the results of a massive study of 87,000 women.
a previous/earlier study The report is a summary of the work done in earlier studies.
a pilot study (=one done to find out if something will be successful) The government has just completed a pilot study, with some encouraging results.
a feasibility study (=one done to find out if something is possible or practical) They commissioned a feasibility study into re-opening the whole railway line.
■ phrases
the aims of a study The aims of this study are to examine the reliability of current techniques.
the results/findings of a study The results of this study suggest that the drug is effective in over 80% of cases. | His research confirmed the findings of earlier studies.
• • •
THESAURUS
research noun [uncountable] careful detailed work that is done in order to find out more about a subject, especially as a part of a scientific or academic project: Billions of dollars have been spent on research into the causes and treatment of cancer. | The University has for a long time been a leading centre for research in this field.
work noun [uncountable] the studies that have been done on a particular subject: Faraday is famous for his work on electricity. | A lot of work has been done on hydrogen-powered cars. | Their work had an enormous influence on the study of genetics.
study noun [countable] a piece of work in which someone examines a particular subject in order to find out more about it, and writes about what they have found: The study showed that 25 percent of adults do not eat breakfast at all, compared with 14 percent in 1961. | Recent studies suggest that our sense of smell is closely linked with the part of the brain that deals with memory.
experiment noun [countable] a scientific test in order to find out what happens when you do something: They carried out a series of experiments (=they did a series of experiments) in order to try to prove their theory. | Experiments have shown that there is an increased risk of some forms of cancer.
II. study2 S2 W2 BrE AmE verb (past tense and past participle studied, present participle studying, third person singular studies)
[Word Family: noun: ↑student, ↑study, ↑studiousness; adjective: ↑studious, ↑studied; verb: ↑study; adverb: ↑studiously]
1. [intransitive and transitive] to learn about a subject at school, university etc:
I’ve been studying English for six years.
I can’t study with that music playing all the time.
study law/business/history etc (=study a subject at a school or university)
Anna is studying French literature.
study at a university/school etc
Stephen is currently studying at Exeter University.
study to be a doctor/lawyer etc
My brother’s studying to be an accountant.
study for an exam/diploma etc
I’ve only got three weeks left to study for my exams.
study under somebody (=be trained by a famous teacher)
a psychologist who studied under Jung in Zurich
2. [transitive] to try to find out more about a subject or problem, using scientific methods:
Goodall was studying the behavior of chimpanzees in the wild.
The scientists were studying the action of a protein called ubiquitin.
study how/what/why etc
They’re studying how stress affects body chemistry.
3. [transitive] to look at something carefully SYN look at:
She studied his face.
They got out of the car and studied the map.
I haven’t had time to study the proposals yet.
• • •
THESAURUS
study verb [intransitive and transitive] to learn about a subject at school, university etc: If you study hard, you’ll get a good job. | He studied law at Harvard University.
take verb [transitive] to study a subject that you have chosen at school, college etc: What classes are you taking next semester? | In my final year, I decided to take English and economics.
do verb [transitive] British English informal to study a particular subject at school or university: I can’t decide whether to do German or Spanish next year. | Did you do computing at school?
major in something phrasal verb American English to study something as your main subject at a college or university: Diane majored in psychology at the University of Washington.
revise verb [intransitive] British English to study to prepare for an examination: It’s best to start revising early. | He’s revising for his final exams.
cram verb [intransitive] informal to study very hard and try to learn a lot of information just before an examination: Everyone’s cramming for their final exams.
do research to study something in a very detailed way, especially in order to discover new information about it: He does research at Oxford University. | I’m doing research into second language learning. | It’s difficult to do research on humans.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

study

study [study studies studied studying] noun, verb   [ˈstʌdi]    [ˈstʌdi] 

 

noun (pl. studies) 

ACTIVITY OF LEARNING
1. uncountable the activity of learning or gaining knowledge, either from books or by examining things in the world
a room set aside for private study
academic/literary/scientific, etc. study
It is important to develop good study skills.

Physiology is the study of how living things work.

2. studies plural (formal) a particular person's learning activities, for example at a college or university

to continue your studies  

 

ACADEMIC SUBJECT

3. studies uncountable + singular or plural verb used in the names of some academic subjects

business/media/American studies  

 

DETAILED EXAMINATION

4. uncountable the act of considering or examining sth in detail

These proposals deserve careful study.

5. countable a piece of research that examines a subject or question in detail
to make/carry out/conduct a study
This study shows/confirms/suggests that…
a detailed study of how animals adapt to their environment
scientific studies of fishing grounds and methods of fishing

see also  case study  

 

ROOM

6. countable a room, especially in sb's home, used for reading and writing  

ART
7. countable a drawing or painting of sth, especially one done for practice or before doing a larger picture
a study of Chartres Cathedral

a nude study  

MUSIC

 

8. (BrE) (also étude NAmE, BrE) countable a piece of music designed to give a player practice in technical skills  

PERFECT EXAMPLE
9. singular ~ (in sth) (formal) a perfect example of sth
His face was a study in concentration.
see in a brown study at  brown  adj.  
Word Origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French estudie (noun), estudier (verb), both based on Latin studium ‘zeal, painstaking application’.  
Collocations:
Scientific research
Theory
formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis
build/construct/create/develop a simple/theoretical/mathematical model
develop/establish/provide/use a theoretical/conceptual framework
advance/argue/develop the thesis that…
explore an idea/a concept/a hypothesis
make a prediction/an inference
base a prediction/your calculations on sth
investigate/evaluate/accept/challenge/reject a theory/hypothesis/model
Experiment
design an experiment/a questionnaire/a study/a test
do research/an experiment/an analysis
make observations/measurements/calculations
carry out/conduct/perform an experiment/a test/a longitudinal study/observations/clinical trials
run an experiment/a simulation/clinical trials
repeat an experiment/a test/an analysis
replicate a study/the results/the findings
observe/study/examine/investigate/assess a pattern/a process/a behaviour/(especially US) a behavior
fund/support the research/project/study
seek/provide/get/secure funding for research
Results
collect/gather/extract data/information
yield data/evidence/similar findings/the same results
analyse/examine the data/soil samples/a specimen
consider/compare/interpret the results/findings
fit the data/model
confirm/support/verify a prediction/a hypothesis/the results/the findings
prove a conjecture/hypothesis/theorem
draw/make/reach the same conclusions
read/review the records/literature
describe/report an experiment/a study
present/publish/summarize the results/findings
present/publish/read/review/cite a paper in a scientific journal 
Example Bank:
A new study shows that fewer students are studying science.
A preliminary study suggested that the product would be popular.
A study group meets every Sunday at the church.
An independent study was commissioned by the department.
He has made a special study of the way that birds communicate with one another.
He lectures in management studies.
In a recent study, 40% of schools were found to be understaffed.
Many undertake further studies after college.
Many undertake further studies after passing their A levels.
Now that her children are all at school, she's going to take up full-time study again.
Princeton's African American studies department
Research studies carried out in Italy confirmed the theory.
Shakespeare is the subject of a new study by Anthony Bryan.
She devoted herself to a serious study of the Koran.
She returned to her studies when her children reached school age.
She's doing women's studies at Liverpool University.
Students do a foundation year before specializing in their chosen field of study.
The company allows its staff to take paid study leave.
The company undertook an extensive feasibility study before adopting the new system.
The course integrates academic study and practical training.
The first part of the course is designed to develop students' study skills.
The present study reveals an unacceptable level of air pollution in the city centre.
The study aims to examine bias in television news coverage.
The study compares the incidence of bone cancer in men and women.
The study group was selected from a broad cross section of the population.
The study highlighted three problem areas.
The study provided valuable insight into the development of the disease.
The ten-year study covered 13 000 people aged 15-25.
This grammar book is suitable both for classroom use and for independent study.
This phenomenon has been observed in both laboratory and field studies.
This phenomenon has been observed in field studies.
When he has completed his studies, he'll travel around the world.
a close study of energy prices
a comparative study of the environmental costs of different energy sources
a definitive study on medieval weapons
a detailed case study of nine companies
a longitudinal study of children in low-income families
a study based on a sample of male white-collar workers
a study commissioned by the World Bank
a study into the viability of the mine
full-time study for an MA
the biochemical process under study
the university's cultural studies course
A comparative study was carried out into the environmental costs of different energy sources.
A detailed study of the area was carried out.
He needed more leisure to pursue his studies.
I returned to full-time study once my kids were all at school.
It's important to develop good study skills.
She crossed the hallway and opened the door to her private study.
Students in the same field of study may have very different skill levels.
The scientific study of American dialects began in 1889.

There's a quiet room set aside for private study.

 

verb (stud·ies, study·ing, stud·ied, stud·ied) 
LEARN
1. transitive, intransitive ~ (for sth) to spend time learning about a subject by reading, going to college, etc
~ (sth) How long have you been studying English?
Don't disturb Jane, she's studying for her exams.
~ (sth) at… My brother studied at the Royal College of Art.
~ (sth) under… a composer who studied under Nadia Boulanger (= was taught by Nadia Boulanger)

~ to do/be sth Nina is studying to be an architect.  

EXAMINE CAREFULLY

2. transitive ~ sth to watch, or look at sb/sth carefully in order to find out sth
Scientists are studying photographs of the planet for signs of life.
He studied her face thoughtfully.

Fran was studying the menu.

3. transitive to examine sth carefully in order to understand it
~ sth We will study the report carefully before making a decision.
~ how, what, etc… The group will study how the region coped with the loss of thousands of jobs.
 
Word Origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French estudie (noun), estudier (verb), both based on Latin studium ‘zeal, painstaking application’.  
Collocations:
Education
Learning
acquire/get/lack (an) education/training/(BrE) (some) qualifications
receive/provide sb with training/tuition
develop/design/plan a curriculum/(especially BrE) course/(NAmE) program/syllabus
give/go to/attend a class/lesson/lecture/seminar
hold/run/conduct a class/seminar/workshop
sign up for/take a course/classes/lessons
School
go to/start preschool/kindergarten/nursery school
be in the first, second, etc. (NAmE) grade/(especially BrE) year (at school)
study/take/drop history/chemistry/German, etc.
(BrE) leave/finish/drop out of/ (NAmE) quit school
(NAmE) graduate high school/college
Problems at school
be the victim/target of bullying
(BrE) play truant from/ (both BrE, informal) bunk off/skive off school (= not go to school when you should)
(both especially NAmE) skip/cut class/school
(BrE) cheat in/(NAmE) cheat on an exam/a test
get/be given a detention (for doing sth)
be expelled from/be suspended from school
Work and exams
do your homework/(BrE) revision/a project on sth
work on/write/do/submit an essay/a dissertation/a thesis/an assignment/(NAmE) a paper
finish/complete your dissertation/thesis/studies/coursework
hand in/ (NAmE) turn in your homework/essay/assignment/paper
study/prepare/ (BrE) revise/ (NAmE) review/ (NAmE, informal) cram for a test/an exam
take/ (both BrE) do/sit a test/an exam
(especially BrE) mark/ (especially NAmE) grade homework/a test
(BrE) do well in/ (NAmE) do well on/ (informal, especially NAmE) ace a test/an exam
pass/fail/ (informal, especially NAmE) flunk a test/an exam/a class/a course/a subject
University
apply to/get into/go to/start college/(BrE) university
leave/graduate from law school/college/(BrE) university (with a degree in computer science)
study for/take/ (BrE) do/complete a law degree/a degree in physics
(both NAmE) major/minor in biology/philosophy
earn/receive/be awarded/get/have/hold a master's degree/a bachelor's degree/a PhD in economics 
Synonyms:
examine
analyse review study discuss
These words all mean to think about, study or describe sb/sth carefully, especially in order to understand them, form an opinion of them or make a decision about them.
examineto think about, study or describe an idea, subject or piece of work very carefully: These ideas will be examined in more detail in Chapter 10.
analyse/analyzeto examine the nature or structure of sth, especially by separating it into its parts, in order to understand or explain it: The job involves gathering and analysing data. He tried to analyse his feelings.
reviewto examine sth again, especially so that you can decide if it is necessary to make changes: The government will review the situation later in the year.
studyto examine sb/sth in order to understand them or it: We will study the report carefully before making a decision.
examine or study?
You examine sth in order to understand it or to help other people understand it, for example by describing it in a book; you study sth in order to understand it yourself.
discussto write or talk about sth in detail, showing the different ideas and opinions about it: This topic will be discussed at greater length in the next chapter.
to examine/analyse/review/study/discuss what/how/whether…
to examine/analyse/review/study/discuss the situation/evidence
to examine/analyse/review/study/discuss sth carefully/critically/systematically/briefly  
Example Bank:
He studied her thoughtfully, then smiled.
He studied under Professor Sager.
In the third year a number of areas are studied in detail.
She is studying hard for her A levels.
She picked up the letter and studied it carefully.
The influence of heredity is best studied in genetically identical twins.
This area has not been well studied.
to study at college
As a young composer he studied under Nadia Boulanger.
Did you ever study any sciences?
He sat up very late that night, studying.
I had a place to study engineering at Leeds.
I have two tests tomorrow, and I've barely had time to study.
I was up late studying for my biology final.
Michael studied at Sussex University.
She's studying hard at the moment.
She's studying to be an architect.

There's nowhere for the students to study quietly.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

study

study (EXAMINE) /ˈstʌd.i/
verb [T]
to examine something very carefully:
I want time to study this contract thoroughly before signing it.
[+ question word] Researchers have been studying how people under stress make decisions.

study /ˈstʌd.i/
noun [C]
1 when someone examines a subject in detail in order to discover new information:
a five-year study of the relationship between wildlife and farming
Some studies have suggested a link between certain types of artificial sweetener and cancer.

2 a drawing which an artist makes in order to test ideas before starting a painting of the same subject

studied /ˈstʌd.id/
adjective
very carefully and intentionally done, made or considered, rather than in a completely honest or sincere way:
After a pause, he gave a studied answer.
She listened to his remarks with studied indifference.

studious /ˈstjuː.di.əs/ US /ˈstuː-/
adjective [before noun]
The report was obviously prepared with studious (= very great) care and attention.

studiously /ˈstjuː.di.ə.sli/ US /ˈstuː-/
adverb
They studiously avoided/ignored each other.

studiousness /ˈstjuː.di.ə.snəs/ US /ˈstuː-/
noun [U]

study (LEARN) /ˈstʌd.i/
verb [I or T]
to learn about a subject, especially in an educational course or by reading books:
to study biology/chemistry
Next term we shall study plants and how they grow.
She's been studying for her doctorate for three years already.

study /ˈstʌd.i/
noun
1 [U] when you learn about a subject, usually at school or university:
the study of English literature

2 [C] a room, especially in a house, used for quiet work such as reading or writing

studies /ˈstʌd.iz/
plural noun
1 studying or work involving studying:
Adam doesn't spend enough time on his studies.

2 used in the names of some educational subjects and courses:
the department of business/media studies

studious /ˈstjuː.di.əs/ US /ˈstuː-/
adjective
describes someone who enjoys studying or spends a lot of time studying:
She was a studious child, happiest when reading.

studiously /ˈstjuː.di.ə.sli/ US /ˈstuː-/
adverb

studiousness /ˈstjuː.di.ə.snəs/ US /ˈstuː-/
noun [U]

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

study

 

/stʌdi/
(studies, studying, studied)

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.

1.
If you study, you spend time learning about a particular subject or subjects.
...a relaxed and happy atmosphere that will allow you to study to your full potential...
He went to Hull University, where he studied History and Economics...
The rehearsals make it difficult for her to study for law school exams.
VERB: V, V n, V for n

2.
Study is the activity of studying.
...the use of maps and visual evidence in the study of local history...
She gave up her studies to have Alexander.
N-UNCOUNT: also N in pl

3.
A study of a subject is a piece of research on it.
Recent studies suggest that as many as 5 in 1000 new mothers are likely to have this problem.
N-COUNT: usu with supp

4.
You can refer to educational subjects or courses that contain several elements as studies of a particular kind.
...a new centre for Islamic studies...
She is currently doing a business studies course at Leeds.
N-PLURAL: supp N

5.
If you study something, you look at it or watch it very carefully, in order to find something out.
Debbie studied her friend’s face for a moment.
VERB: V n

6.
If you study something, you consider it or observe it carefully in order to be able to understand it fully.
I know that you’ve been studying chimpanzees for thirty years now...
I invite every citizen to carefully study the document.
VERB: V n, V n

7.
A study by an artist is a drawing which is done in preparation for a larger picture.
N-COUNT

8.
A study is a room in a house which is used for reading, writing, and studying.
N-COUNT

9.
see also studied, case study

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

study

2study verb studies; stud·ied; study·ing
1 : to read, memorize facts, attend school, etc., in order to learn about a subject

[no obj]

• She studied hard.
• Did you study for the test?
• She's studying to be a teacher.

[+ obj]

• He is studying music.
2 [+ obj]
a : to give careful attention to (something)
• I studied the request carefully.
• She was studying his face for a reaction.
• The proposal was studied in great detail.
b : to conduct an organized experiment in order to learn more about (something)
• The effects of the drug have never been thoroughly studied.

learn

Learn [verb]

to get knowledge or skill in a new subject or activity

US /lɝːn/ 
UK /lɜːn/ 

آموختن‌، ياد گرفتن‌

مثال: 

They learn Russian at school.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

learn

 verb (learns, learning, learnt or learned /, has learnt or has learned)

pronunciation
The word learn sounds like turn.

1 to find out something, or how to do something, by studying or by doing it often:
When did you learn to swim?
I learnt English at school.
Learn this list of words for homework (= so you can remember them).

2 to hear about something:
I was sorry to learn of your father's death.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

learn

learn S1 W1 /lɜːn $ lɜːrn/ BrE AmE verb (past tense and past participle learned or learnt /lɜːnt $ lɜːrnt/ especially British English)
[Word Family: noun: learner, learning, unlearn; verb: learn; adverb: learnedly; adjective: learned]
[Language: Old English; Origin: leornian]
1. SUBJECT/SKILL [intransitive and transitive] to gain knowledge of a subject or skill, by experience, by studying it, or by being taught ⇨ teach:
What’s the best way to learn a language?
learn (how) to do something
I learnt to drive when I was 17.
Hector spent the winter learning how to cope with his blindness.
The teacher’s task is to help the pupil learn.
learn (something) from somebody
I learned a lot from my father.
learn about
Kids can have fun and learn about music at the same time.
learn what
Youngsters must learn what is dangerous and what is not to be feared.
The student will learn from experience about the importance of planning.
► Do not say that you ‘learn someone something’ or ‘learn someone how to do something’. Use teach: I taught him how to send an email.
2. FIND OUT [intransitive and transitive] formal to find out information or news by hearing it from someone else or reading it SYN discover:
I didn’t tell her the truth. She would learn it for herself soon enough.
learn of/about
He learned about his appointment by telephone yesterday.
learn (that)
Last week I learned that I was pregnant.
She was surprised to learn that he was a lot older than she had thought.
learn whether/who/why
I waited to learn whether I’d secured a college place.
We have yet to learn who will be the new manager.
3. REMEMBER [transitive] to get to know something so well that you can easily remember it SYN memorize:
The actors hardly had time to learn their lines before filming started.
4. CHANGE YOUR BEHAVIOUR [intransitive and transitive] to gradually understand a situation and start behaving in the way that you should
learn (that)
They have to learn that they can’t just do whatever they like.
learn to do something
Young hairdressers must learn to treat the client as a person, not a head of hair.
I’ve told him a hundred times not to bully people, but he never learns.
learn from
You have to learn from your mistakes (=understand why what you did was wrong).
the lessons learned in the Gulf War
5. somebody has learned their lesson used to say that someone will not do something wrong or stupid again, because they suffered as a result:
I’ve learned my lesson; I’ve now got a burglar alarm and a guard dog.
6. learn (something) the hard way to understand a situation or develop a skill by learning from your mistakes and bad experiences
7. that’ll learn somebody! spoken used when something bad has just happened to someone as a result of their actions, especially when they ignored a warning
live and learn at ↑live1(20)

THESAURUS
learn to gain knowledge of a subject or skill, especially by being taught or trained: How long have you been learning Italian? | What age can you learn to drive in America?
study to learn about a subject by reading books, going to classes etc, especially at school or university: She’s studying music at Berkeley College in California.
train to learn the skills and get the experience that you need in order to do a particular job: Julie’s training to be a nurse.
pick something up to learn something without much effort, by watching or listening to other people: It’s easy to pick up a language when you’re living in a country. | The rules of the game are easy – you’ll soon pick them up.
get the hang of something informal to learn how to do or use something that is fairly complicated, especially with practice: It took me a while to get the hang of all the features on my new camera.
revise British English, review American English to study facts again, especially on your own, in order to learn them before an examination: Jenny’s upstairs revising for her Maths exam tomorrow.
master to learn something so well that you have no difficulty with it, especially a skill or a language: She gave me a book called ‘Mastering the Art of French Cooking’. | I learnt Spanish for years but I never really mastered it.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

learn

 

learn [learn learns learned learnt learning]   [lɜːn]    [lɜːrn]  verb (learnt, learnt   [lɜːnt]  ;   [lɜːrnt]  ) or (learned, learned)
1. transitive, intransitive to gain knowledge or skill by studying, from experience, from being taught, etc
~ sth to learn a language/a musical instrument/a skill
~ sth from sb/sth I learned a lot from my father.
~ sth from doing sth You can learn a great deal just from watching other players.
~ (about sth) She's very keen to learn about Japanese culture.
The book is about how children learn.
~ to do sth He's learning to dance.
~ how, what, etc… He's still learning how to dance.

Today we learnt how to use the new software.

2. intransitive, transitive to become aware of sth by hearing about it from sb else
Syn:  discover
~ of/about sth I learnt of her arrival from a close friend.
~ (that)… We were very surprised to learn (that) she had got married again.
~ who, what, etc… We only learned who the new teacher was a few days ago.
~ sth How did they react when they learned the news?

it is learned that… It has been learned that 500 jobs are to be lost at the factory.

3. transitive ~ sth to study and repeat sth in order to be able to remember it
Syn:  memorize

We have to learn one of Hamlet's speeches for school tomorrow.

4. intransitive, transitive to gradually change your attitudes about sth so that you behave in a different way
~ (from sth) I'm sure she'll learn from her mistakes.
~ (that)… He'll just have to learn (that) he can't always have his own way.
~ to do sth I soon learned not to ask too many questions.
more at know/learn/find sth to your cost at  cost  n., you live and learn at  live1, show sb/know/learn the ropes at  rope  n.
Idioms: learn the hard way  learn your lesson
Verb forms:

 
Word Origin:
Old English leornian ‘learn’ (in Middle English also ‘teach’), of West Germanic origin; related to German lernen, also to lore.  
Thesaurus:
learn verb
1. T, I
Did you learn German at school?
studydomemorizepick sth upknowmasterlearn/know sth by heartget the hang of sth|formal acquire
learn/pick up/know sth from sb/sth
learn/memorize/pick up/know/master/get the hang of what…
learn/study/do/pick up/know/master/acquire a language
2. I, T (not usually used in the progressive tenses)
I learned the news from a close friend.
discoverfind out (sth)hear
learn/find out/hear about sth
learn/discover/find out the facts/truth/secret/identity
be surprised/shocked/delighted/interested to learn/discover/find out/hear sth 
Vocabulary Building:
Learning
learn He’s learning Spanish/to swim.
study She studied chemistry for three years.
revise (BrE) (NAmE review) In this class we’ll revise/review what we did last week.
practise (BrE) (NAmE practice) If you practise speaking English, you’ll soon improve.
rehearse We only had two weeks to rehearse the play.  
Example Bank:
Children learn very quickly.
He was eager to learn all she could teach him.
I was surprised to learn that he was only 23.
I've got a lot to learn, haven't I?
She learned from watching others.
Some people never learn, do they?
The children learn about art by painting.
They soon learn that bad behaviour is a sure-fire way of getting attention.
We first learned of the problem from her school.
You still have a lot to learn.
learning about art
Did you ever learn any languages?
Everyone learns in a slightly different way.
He learned to ride when he was about three years old.
He'll just have to learn (that) he can't always have his own way.
I learned of her arrival from a close friend.
I'll need to learn how to use the new software.
I'm sure she'll learn from her mistakes.
I've forgotten most of what I learned at school.
It's a bit overwhelming at first but don't worry, you'll soon learn.
Most of the kids here are eager to learn.
She's still quite young and she's got a lot to learn.
She's very interested in learning more about Japanese culture.
We have to learn one of Hamlet's speeches for school tomorrow.
We were very surprised to learn that she had got married again.
You can learn a great deal just from watching the other players.

You'll have to learn your lines by next week.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

learn

learn /lɜːn/ US /lɝːn/
verb learned or UK ALSO learnt, learned or UK ALSO learnt
1 [I or T] to get knowledge or skill in a new subject or activity:
They learn Russian at school.
"Can you drive?" "I'm learning."
I've learned a lot about computers since I started work here.
[+ to infinitive] I'm learning to play the piano.
[+ question word + to infinitive] First you'll learn (how) to use this machine.

2 [T] to make yourself remember a piece of writing by reading it or repeating it many times:
I don't know how actors manage to learn all those lines.
We were told to learn Portia's speech by heart (= be able to say it from memory) for homework.

3 [I or T] to start to understand that you must change the way you behave:
She'll have to learn that she can't have everything she wants.
She soon learnt not to contradict him.
He's not afraid to learn from his mistakes.

4 [I or T] to be told facts or information that you did not know:
We were all shocked to learn of his death.
[+ (that)] I later learnt (that) the message had never arrived.
I only learnt about the accident later.

learned /ˈlɜːnd/ US /ˈlɝːnd/
adjective SPECIALIZED
describes behaviour which has been copied from others:
This sort of aggression is learned behaviour - people aren't born that way.

learner /ˈlɜː.nəʳ/ US /ˈlɝː.nɚ/
noun [C]
a person who is still learning something:
He's a quick learner.
MAINLY UK a learner driver

learning /ˈlɜː.nɪŋ/ US /ˈlɝː-/
noun [U]
1 the activity of obtaining knowledge:
This technique makes learning fun.
For the first month in her new job she was on a steep learning curve (= she learnt a lot quickly).

2 knowledge obtained by study:
His friends praised his generosity, wit and learning.

 

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

learn

[lɜ͟ː(r)n]
 
 learns, learning, learned, learnt
 (American English uses the form learned as the past tense and past participle. British English uses either learned or learnt.)
 1) VERB If you learn something, you obtain knowledge or a skill through studying or training.
  [V n] Their children were going to learn English...
  [V to-inf] He is learning to play the piano.
  [V wh] ...learning how to use new computer systems...
  Experienced teachers help you learn quickly. [Also V about n]
  Derived words:
  learning N-UNCOUNT ...a bilingual approach to the learning of English.
 2) VERB If you learn of something, you find out about it.
  [V of n] It was only after his death that she learned of his affair with Betty...
  [V that] It didn't come as a shock to learn that the fuel and cooling systems are the most common causes of breakdown...
  [V wh] ...the Admiral, who, on learning who I was, wanted to meet me.
  Syn:
  find out
 3) VERB If people learn to behave or react in a particular way, they gradually start to behave in that way as a result of a change in attitudes.
  [V to-inf] You have to learn to face your problem...
  [V wh-to-inf] We are learning how to confront death instead of avoiding its reality.
 4) VERB If you learn from an unpleasant experience, you change the way you behave so that it does not happen again or so that, if it happens again, you can deal with it better.
  [V from n] I am convinced that he has learned from his mistakes...
  [V n from n] The company failed to learn any lessons from this experience.
 5) VERB If you learn something such as a poem or a role in a play, you study or repeat the words so that you can remember them.
  [V n] He learned this song as an inmate at a Texas prison.
 6) → See also learned, learning
 7) to learn something the hard waysee way
 to learn the ropessee rope

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

learn

learn /ˈlɚn/ verb learns; learned also chiefly Brit learnt /ˈlɚnt/; learn·ing
1 : to gain knowledge or skill by studying, practicing, being taught, or experiencing something

[no obj]

• People learn throughout their lives.
• He is learning quickly.
• I can't swim yet, but I'm learning.
- often + about
• We learned about the reasons for the war in our history class.
- often + from
• We all have the ability to learn from our mistakes.
• She learned from experience that when grease catches on fire, you shouldn't put water on it.

[+ obj]

learn arithmetic
learn a trade
• She's interested in learning French.
• We had to learn the rules of the game.
- often + about
• She's been trying to learn more about our family history.
- often to + verb
• He never learned (how) to dance/swim.
• I'm learning to play the guitar.
• He learned how not to offend people.
• You need to learn (how) to take care of your health.
2 [+ obj] : to cause (something) to be in your memory by studying it : memorize
• I'm trying to learn my lines for the play.
• We had to learn the names of the state capitals.
learn the alphabet
3 : to hear or be told (something) : to find out (something)

[+ obj]

• She learned through/from a letter that her father had died.
• I later learned that they had never called.
• I was surprised when I learned (that) he wasn't coming.
• We finally learned the truth about what had happened.

[no obj]

- + of
• We were shocked to learn of her death. [=to find out about her death]
• She first learned of the accident on Monday.
4 : to become able to understand (something) through experience

[+ obj]

learn the difference between right and wrong
• He quickly learned what it means to be a father.
• We learned that if we wanted a good job, we had to go to college.
• I have learned that life isn't easy.
• Someday you'll learn that money is not the most important thing in life.
• He learned the hard way that crime doesn't pay. [=he found out by being punished for his crimes]
- often followed by to + verb
• It's important to learn to respect other people.
• It's a bad situation, but we'll just have to learn to live with it. [=we will have to accept it and deal with it]

[no obj]

• Someday you'll learn.
• Even after all his health problems, he's still eating and drinking too much. Some people never learn.
live and learn
- see 1live
- learn·able /ˈlɚnəbəl/ adj
learnable skills

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