A1 (پایه)

dress

dress [noun]

a piece of clothing worn by a woman or girl that covers the top of her body and part or all of her legs

US /dres/ 
UK /dres/ 
dress - لباس‌ يك‌ تكه‌

(زنانه‌) پيراهن‌، لباس‌ يك‌ تكه‌

مثال: 

She was ​wearing ​exactly the same dress as I was.

او دقیقا همان لباسی را پوشیده بود که من پوشیده بودم.

a piece of clothing worn by a woman or girl that covers the top of her body and part or all of her legs

dress - لباس
معادل فارسی: 

(زنانه‌) پيراهن‌، لباس‌ يك‌ تكه‌

مثال انگلیسی: 

She was ​wearing ​exactly the same dress as I was.

او دقیقا همان لباسی را پوشیده بود که من پوشیده بودم.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

noun

1 (plural dresses) a piece of clothing with a top part and a skirt, that a woman or girl wears

2 (no plural) clothes:
The group of dancers wore Bulgarian national dress.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

dress

I. dress1 S2 W2 /dres/ BrE AmE noun
[Word Family: noun: ↑dress, ↑dresser, ↑dressing; adjective: ↑dressed ≠ ↑undressed, ↑dressy; verb: ↑dress ≠ ↑undress]
1. [countable] a piece of clothing worn by a woman or girl that covers the top of her body and part or all of her legs ⇨ skirt:
Sheila wore a long red dress.
a summer dress
2. [uncountable] clothes for men or women of a particular type or for a particular occasion:
a gentleman in evening dress (=formal clothes worn especially at important social events)
The play was performed in modern dress (=clothes from the present time).
dress code (=a standard of what you should wear for a particular situation)
This restaurant has a strict dress code – no tie, no service.
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + dress
a wedding dress Have you chosen your wedding dress yet?
an evening dress (=a formal dress to wear in the evening) She arrived in a red evening dress.
a cocktail dress (=a formal dress but not usually a long one) She wore a little black cocktail dress.
a silk/cotton/velvet etc dress Ellie chose a green silk dress.
a long dress (=that goes down to your ankles) Most of the women were wearing long dresses.
a party dress (=for parties) I need a new party dress for Christmas.
a summer dress a cool blue summer dress
a strapless dress (=that does not have straps on your shoulders) She was wearing a strapless cream dress and matching shoes.
a sleeveless dress (=without any sleeves) She was photographed wearing a figure-hugging sleeveless dress.
■ dress + NOUN
a dress shop (=selling women’s dresses and other clothes) It was an expensive dress shop.
a dress designer (=someone whose job is designing women’s clothes) She’s a former royal dress designer.
• • •
THESAURUS
clothes noun [plural] things you wear to cover your body or keep you warm. Clothes is always plural: I like your clothes! | Don’t throw your dirty clothes on the floor! | a clothes shop
clothing noun [uncountable] used when talking in general about a type of clothes, or about making or selling clothes. Also used in the phrase a piece/item/article of clothing (=one of the things that someone wears): You’ll need to take some warm clothing. | It is important to wear protective clothing at all times. | a clothing manufacturer | a clothing retailer | Police found a piece of clothing in the bushes. | I took a change of clothing with me.
garment noun [countable] formal one thing that you wear. Also used when talking about buying and selling clothes: a long velvet garment | the garment industry | garment workers | garment factories
dress noun [uncountable] a particular style of clothes. Don’t use dress on its own: Casual dress is not appropriate for an interview. | men in evening dress
wear noun [uncountable] used about types of clothes sold in a shop, in the following phrases. Don’t use wear on its own: children’s wear | sports wear | casual wear
gear noun [uncountable] /ɡɪə $ ɡɪr/ informal clothes for a particular sport or activity: She was wearing her running gear. | Have you got all your gear?
wardrobe noun [singular] all the clothes that you own, or all the clothes that you wear at a particular time of year: Her wardrobe consisted mainly of smart clothes for work. | I will need a new summer weardrobe. | You could win a complete new wardrobe!

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

dress

dress [dress dresses dressed dressing] noun, verb   [dres]    [dres]

noun  

CLOTHES
1. countable a piece of women's clothing that is made in one piece and covers the body down to the legs, sometimes reaching to below the knees, or to the ankles
a long white dress
• a wedding dress

see also  cocktail dress, evening dress, sundress

2. uncountable clothes for either men or women
to wear casual/formal dress
He has no dress sense (= no idea of how to dress well).
see also  evening dress, fancy dress, headdress, morning dress  
Word Origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘put straight’): from Old French dresser ‘arrange, prepare’, based on Latin directus ‘direct, straight’.  
Thesaurus:
dress noun U
All the guests were in evening dress.
clothesclothingcostumewearwardrobe|AmE apparel|informal gear|formal garment
casual dress/clothes/clothing/apparel/wear/gear
evening/formal dress/clothes/wear
wear …dress/clothes/costume/gear/garments 
Example Bank:
He was wearing traditional Scottish dress.
He's got poor dress sense.
She appeared in a slinky satin dress.
She hitched up her long dress so it wouldn't drag in the mud.
She looked elegant in a simple black dress.
She sat down and smoothed her dress over her legs.
The club has a strict dress code.
The hat went with her new dress wonderfully.
a performance of ‘Hamlet’ in modern dress
in full dress uniform
the costumes worn at the fancy-dress ball
All the guests were in evening dress.
Everyone was expected to wear fancy dress.
He has no dress sense.
• The company has a strict dress code — all male employees are expected to wear suits.

• We were allowed to wear casual dress on Fridays.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

dress / dres / noun

A1 [ C ] a piece of clothing for women or girls that covers the top half of the body and hangs down over the legs:

a long/short dress

a wedding dress

B2 [ U ] used, especially in combination, to refer to clothes of a particular type, especially those worn in particular situations:

The queen, in full ceremonial dress, presided over the ceremony.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

dress

/dres/
(dresses, dressing, dressed)

Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.

1.
A dress is a piece of clothing worn by a woman or girl. It covers her body and part of her legs.
She was wearing a black dress.
N-COUNT

2.
You can refer to clothes worn by men or women as dress.
He’s usually smart in his dress.
...hundreds of Cambodians in traditional dress.
N-UNCOUNT
see also evening dress, fancy dress, full dress, morning dress

3.
When you dress or dress yourself, you put on clothes.
He told Sarah to wait while he dressed...
Sue had dressed herself neatly for work.
VERB: V, V pron-refl

4.
If you dress someone, for example a child, you put clothes on them.
She bathed her and dressed her in clean clothes.
VERB: V n

5.
If someone dresses in a particular way, they wear clothes of a particular style or colour.
He dresses in a way that lets everyone know he’s got authority...
VERB: V in n

6.
If you dress for something, you put on special clothes for it.
We don’t dress for dinner here.
VERB: V for n

7.
When someone dresses a wound, they clean it and cover it.
The poor child never cried or protested when I was dressing her wounds.
VERB: V n

8.
If you dress a salad, you cover it with a mixture of oil, vinegar, and herbs or flavourings.
Scatter the tomato over, then dress the salad.
...a bowl of dressed salad.
VERB: V n, V-ed

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

2dress noun, pl dresses
1 [count] : a piece of clothing for a woman or a girl that has a top part that covers the upper body and a skirt that hangs down to cover the legs
• She wore dresses only on special occasions.
• She wore a short/long black dress to the party.
• Her wedding dress was decorated with lace.

2 [noncount] : a particular type of clothing
• The guests were clothed in traditional Indian dress.
• It is wise to wear conservative dress to an interview.

shoe

shoe [noun]

something that you wear to cover your feet, made of leather or some other strong material

US /ʃuː/ 
UK /ʃuː/ 
shoe - کفش

کفش

مثال: 

What's your shoe size?

سایز کفشت چند است؟

something that you wear to cover your feet, made of leather or some other strong material

shoes - کفش
معادل فارسی: 

کفش

مثال انگلیسی: 

What's your shoe size?

سایز کفشت چند است؟

Oxford Essential Dictionary

shoe

 noun

pronunciation
The word shoe sounds like who.

a covering made of leather or plastic that you wear on your foot:
a pair of shoes
What size shoes do you take?
a shoe shop

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

shoe

I. shoe1 S1 W3 /ʃuː/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Language: Old English; Origin: scoh]

1. something that you wear to cover your feet, made of leather or some other strong material:
I sat down and took off my shoes and socks.
What size shoe do you take? ⇨ ↑boot1(1), ↑sandal, ↑slipper
2. in sb’s shoes in someone else’s situation, especially a bad one:
I wouldn’t like to be in his shoes when his wife finds out what happened.
Anyone in her shoes would have done the same thing.
Don’t be cross with them. Try to put yourself in their shoes (=imagine what it would feel like to be in their situation).
3. step into/fill sb’s shoes to do a job that someone else used to do, and do it as well as they did:
It’ll be hard to find someone to fill Pete’s shoes.
4. a curved piece of iron that is nailed onto a horse’s foot SYN horseshoe
if the shoe fits, (wear it) at ↑fit1(8)
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
wear shoes He was wearing smart black shoes.
put your shoes on Put your shoes on and get your coat.
take your shoes off They took off their shoes in the hallway.
tie your shoes He tied his shoes in a double knot.
slip your shoes on/off (=put them on or take them off quickly or gently) She slipped off her shoes and curled her feet up under her on the sofa.
kick your shoes off (=take them off by moving your legs) Maria kicked off her shoes and sat down.
clean/polish your shoes We used to clean our shoes every evening before we went to bed.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + shoe
black/brown etc Her shoes and handbag were brown.
high-heeled shoes You can’t walk round town all day in high-heeled shoes!
sensible shoes (=flat shoes that are not very fashionable) They were the kind of sensible shoes my mother used to make me wear.
flat shoes (=with no high heel) Flat shoes are much more comfortable for walking in.
platform shoes (=with a thick base) I found an old pair of platform shoes from the 1970s.
lace-up shoes (=fastened with laces) He bought a pair of brown leather lace-up shoes.
leather/suede shoes a pair of dark leather shoes
running/jogging/training etc shoes Get yourself a good pair of running shoes if you want to take up running.
■ phrases
a pair of shoes I need a new pair of shoes.
■ shoe + NOUN
a shoe shop British English, a shoe store American English
shoe polish
shoe laces
■ COMMON ERRORS

► Do not say 'put off your shoes'. Say take off your shoes.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

shoe

shoe [shoe shoes shod shoeing] noun, verb   [ʃuː]    [ʃuː] 

noun

1. one of a pair of outer coverings for your feet, usually made of leather or plastic
a pair of shoes
He took his shoes and socks off.
What's your shoe size?
a shoe brush
• shoe polish

see also  snowshoe

2. =  horseshoe 
more at fill sb's shoes/boots at  fill  v., shake in your shoes at  shake  v., step into sb's shoes at  step  v.  
Word Origin:
Old English scōh (noun), scōg(e)an (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schoen and German Schuh.  
Example Bank:
I've had my shoes resoled.
She wore a dark blue dress with matching shoes.
The shoes, though elegant, pinched her feet terribly.
a sturdy pair of walking shoes
• to break in a new pair of shoes

Idioms: if I were in your shoes  if the shoe fits  in somebody's shoes  put yourself in somebody's shoes  shoe is on the other foot 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

shoe / ʃuː / noun [ C ]

A1 one of a pair of coverings for your feet, usually made of a strong material such as leather, with a thick leather or plastic sole (= base) and usually a heel:

flat/high-heeled shoes

gym/tennis shoes

He put on/took off his new pair of shoes.

Hurry and do up/lace up your shoes.

a shoe shop

a horseshoe

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

shoe

u:/
(shoes)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

1.
Shoes are objects which you wear on your feet. They cover most of your foot and you wear them over socks or stockings.
...a pair of shoes...
You don’t mind if I take my shoes off, do you?
N-COUNT
see also snowshoe, training shoe

2.
A shoe is the same as a horseshoe.
N-COUNT

3.
When a blacksmith shoes a horse, they fix horseshoes onto its feet.
Blacksmiths spent most of their time repairing tools and shoeing horses...
VERB: V n

4.
see also shod

5.
If you fill someone’s shoes or step into their shoes, you take their place by doing the job they were doing.
No one has been able to fill his shoes...
PHRASE: V inflects

6.
If you talk about being in someone’s shoes, you talk about what you would do or how you would feel if you were in their situation.
I wouldn’t want to be in his shoes.
PHRASE: usu v-link PHR

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1shoe /ˈʃuː/ noun, pl shoes
1 [count] : an outer covering for your foot that usually has a stiff bottom part called a sole with a thicker part called a heel attached to it and an upper part that covers part or all of the top of your foot
• She bought a pair of shoes.
• He took off his shoes and socks.
• high-heeled shoes
• dress shoes [=shoes for formal events or times]
• athletic/running shoes
shoe polish
• a shoe store/shop
2 shoes [plural] : another person's situation or position
• I wouldn't want to be in his shoes right now.
• Anyone in her shoes would have done the same thing.
• Try to put yourself in their shoes [=try to imagine yourself in their situation] and think of how you would want to be treated.
• I don't think anyone will be able to fill her shoes [=do what she does as well as she does it] after she retires.
• He stepped into the shoes [=took the role] of president with ease.
3 [count] : a flat U-shaped piece of iron that is nailed to the bottom of a horse's hoof : horseshoe
4 [count] : the part of a brake that presses on the wheel of a vehicle - usually plural
• The brake shoes are worn out.
if the shoe fits or if the shoe fits, wear it US
- used to say that something said or suggested about a person is true and that the person should accept it as true
• “Are you calling me a cheater?” “Well, if the shoe fits, wear it.” [=(Brit) if the cap fits, wear it]
the shoe is on the other foot

skirt

skirt [noun]

a piece of outer clothing worn by women and girls, which hangs down from the waist like the bottom part of a dress

US /skɝːt/ 
UK /skɜːt/ 
skirt - دامن

دامن

مثال: 

She was ​wearing a ​​pink ​skirt.

او یک دامن صورتی پوشیده بود.

a piece of outer clothing worn by women and girls, which hangs down from the waist like the bottom part of a dress

skirt - دامن
معادل فارسی: 

دامن

مثال انگلیسی: 

She was ​wearing a ​​pink ​skirt.

او یک دامن صورتی پوشیده بود.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

skirt

 noun
pronunciation
The word skirt sounds like hurt.

a piece of clothing for a woman or girl that hangs from the waist and covers part of the legs

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

skirt

I. skirt1 S3 /skɜːt $ skɜːrt/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old Norse; Origin: skyrta 'shirt']
1. a piece of outer clothing worn by women and girls, which hangs down from the waist like the bottom part of a dress:
She wore a white blouse and a plain black skirt.
leather/pleated/cotton etc skirt
a green velvet skirt
short/long skirt
a short skirt and high heels
2. (also skirts [plural]) old-fashioned the part of a dress or coat that hangs down from the waist
3. the skirts of a forest/hill/village etc British English the outside edge of a forest etc SYN outskirts
4. a bit of skirt British English informal not polite an offensive expression meaning an attractive woman
II. skirt2 BrE AmE (also skirt around/round) verb [transitive]
1. to go around the outside edge of a place or area:
The old footpath skirts around the village.
2. to avoid talking about an important subject, especially because it is difficult or embarrassing – used to show disapproval:
a disappointing speech that skirted around all the main issues

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

skirt

skirt [skirt skirts skirted skirting] noun, verb   [skɜːt]    [skɜːrt] 

noun

1. countable a piece of clothing for a woman or girl that hangs from the waist

a long/short/straight/pleated, etc. skirt

 

2. countable (also skirts plural) the part of a dress, coat, etc. that hangs below the waist

3. countable an outer covering or part used to protect the base of a vehicle or machine
the rubber skirt around the bottom of a hovercraft  
Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old Norse skyrta ‘shirt’; compare with synonymous Old English scyrte, also with short. The verb dates from the early 17th cent.  
Example Bank:
Her skirt rode up her thighs when she sat down.
I lifted the hem of my skirt.
I've worn both skirt suits and pant suits to interviews.
She sat down, smoothing her skirt.
She sat down, smoothing the skirt of her dress.
She tucked up her voluminous skirts to make room for Jane beside her.
She was wearing a short denim skirt.
She wore the plaid skirt that was the uniform of her private school.
The skirt falls just above the knee.

a green jacket with a matching skirt

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

skirt / skɜːt /   / skɝːt / noun [ C ]

A1 a piece of clothing for women and girls that hangs from the waist and does not have legs:

a long/short skirt

an outer covering or part to protect particular machines

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

skirt

/skɜ:(r)t/
(skirts, skirting, skirted)

1.
A skirt is a piece of clothing worn by women and girls. It fastens at the waist and hangs down around the legs.
N-COUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1skirt /ˈskɚt/ noun, pl skirts [count]
1 a : a piece of clothing worn by women and girls that hangs from the waist down
• She was wearing a short/long skirt.
- see color picture
- see also miniskirt
b : the part of a dress, coat, etc., that hangs from the waist down
• The skirt of her coat got caught in the car door.
- sometimes plural
• He gathered up the skirts of his robe as he climbed the stairs.
• a dress with full skirts
2 : an outer covering that hangs down to protect something
• They put a protective skirt around the base of the machine.

jacket

jacket [noun] (CLOTHES)

A short light coat

US /ˈdʒæk.ɪt/ 
UK /ˈdʒæk.ɪt/ 

كت‌، ژاکت

مثال: 

He ​draped his jacket over the back of the ​chair and ​sat down to ​eat.

او کت اش را پشت صندلی انداخت و نشست که غذا بخورد.

A short light coat

معادل فارسی: 

كت‌، ژاکت

مثال انگلیسی: 

He ​draped his jacket over the back of the ​chair and ​sat down to ​eat.

او کت اش را پشت صندلی انداخت و نشست که غذا بخورد.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

jacket

 noun
a short coat with sleeves

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

jacket

jacket S2 W3 /ˈdʒækət, ˈdʒækɪt/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Date: 1400-1500; Language: French; Origin: jaquet, from jaque 'short coat', probably from jacque 'poor farmer', from the male name Jacques 'James']

1. a short light coat
a leather/denim/linen etc jacket
a suede jacket ⇨ ↑bomber jacket, ↑dinner jacket, ↑life jacket, ↑straitjacket(1)
2. the part of a suit that covers the top part of your body:
Gene has to wear a jacket and tie to work.
tweed jackets ⇨ ↑sports jacket
3. a stiff piece of folded paper that fits over the cover of a book to protect it SYN dust jacket
4. American English a stiff paper cover that protects a record SYN sleeve British English
5. a cover that surrounds and protects some types of machines

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

jacket

jacket [jacket jackets jacketed jacketing]   [ˈdʒækɪt]    [ˈdʒækɪt]  noun

1. a piece of clothing worn on the top half of the body over a shirt, etc. that has sleeves and fastens down the front; a short, light coat
a denim/tweed jacket
• I have to wear a jacket and tie to work.

see also  bomber jacket, dinner jacket, donkey jacket, flak jacket, life jacket, smoking jacket, sports jacket, straitjacket

 

2. (also ˈdust jacket) a loose paper cover for a book, usually with a design or picture on it

3. an outer cover around a hot water pipe, etc, for example to reduce loss of heat

4. (BrE) the skin of a baked potato

• potatoes baked in their jackets

5. (especially NAmE) =  sleeve  (3)
See also: dust jacket  
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Old French jaquet, diminutive of jaque; origin uncertain, perhaps based on Arabic.  
Thesaurus:
jacket noun C
His jacket hung over the back of the chair.
coatblazertailsraincoat|BrE anorakmac|especially AmE tuxedo|especially AmE, informal tux
a long/short/heavy/light jacket/coat
wear/put on/take off/remove a jacket/coat/blazer/tails/raincoat/anorak/mac/tuxedo/tux
do up/undo a jacket/coat/blazer/raincoat/anorak/mac
Jacket or coat? Jacket can describe a piece of clothing worn indoors or one worn outdoors; a coat is usually only worn outdoors. A jacket usually comes down to the waist or hips, but not below; a coat is usually hip-length or longer.  
Example Bank:
A light cotton jacket was draped over her shoulders.
Gentlemen are requested to wear a jacket and tie for dinner.
He pulled his passport from his inside jacket pocket.
He wore a tweed sports jacket.
His jacket hung over the back of his chair.
She shrugged her shoulders into her jacket.
a linen/suede/tweed jacket
a padded sleeveless jacket
bomber jacket
• dinner jacket

• ski jacket

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

jacket / ˈdʒæk.ɪt / noun [ C ] (CLOTHES)

A1 a short coat:

a leather/denim/tweed jacket

The keys are in my jacket pocket.
 

jacket / ˈdʒæk.ɪt / noun [ C ] (BOOK)

→  dust jacket

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

jacket

/dʒækɪt/
(jackets)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

1.
A jacket is a short coat with long sleeves.
...a black leather jacket.
N-COUNT

2.
Potatoes baked in their jackets are baked with their skin on.
N-COUNT: usu pl

3.
The jacket of a book is the paper cover that protects the book. (mainly AM)
N-COUNT

4.
A record jacket is the cover in which a record is kept. (AM; in BRIT, use sleeve)
N-COUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

jacket

jack·et /ˈʤækət/ noun, pl -ets [count]
1 : a piece of clothing that is worn on your upper body over another piece of clothing (such as a shirt) : a usually short and light coat
• a suit with a double-breasted jacket
• a warm jacket
- see color picture
- see also dinner jacket, flak jacket, life jacket, sports jacket, straitjacket
2 : an outer covering: such as
a : a paper cover that protects a book and that can be removed : dust jacket
b chiefly US : a paper, cardboard, or plastic envelope for holding a record, CD, or DVD - called also sleeve,

shirt

shirt [noun]

A piece of clothing that covers the upper part of your body and your arms, usually has a collar, and is fastened at the front by buttons

US /ʃɝːt/ 
UK /ʃɜːt/ 

(مردانه‌) پيراهن‌

مثال: 

A short-sleeved shirt

پیراهن آستین کوتاه

A piece of clothing that covers the upper part of your body and your arms, usually has a collar, and is fastened at the front by buttons

معادل فارسی: 

(مردانه‌) پيراهن‌

مثال انگلیسی: 

A short-sleeved shirt

پیراهن آستین کوتاه

Oxford Essential Dictionary

shirt

 noun

pronunciation
The word shirt sounds like hurt.

a thin piece of clothing that you wear on the top part of your body

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

shirt

shirt S2 W3 /ʃɜːt $ ʃɜːrt/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Language: Old English; Origin: scyrte]

1. a piece of clothing that covers the upper part of your body and your arms, usually has a collar, and is fastened at the front by buttons ⇨ blouse:
I have to wear a shirt and tie to work.
a check shirt
2. keep your shirt on spoken used to tell someone who is becoming angry that they should stay calm
3. put/bet/stake your shirt on something British English informal to risk all your money on something
⇨ ↑stuffed shirt

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

shirt

shirt [shirt shirts]   [ʃɜːt]    [ʃɜːrt]  noun

a piece of clothing (usually for men), worn on the upper part of the body, made of light cloth, with sleeves and usually with a collar and buttons down the front
to wear a shirt and tie
a short-sleeved shirt
a football shirt
see also  nightshirt, polo shirt, stuffed shirt, sweatshirt, T-shirt 
Idioms: keep your shirt on  put your shirt on somebody  shirt off somebody's back  
Word Origin:
Old English scyrte, of Germanic origin; related to Old Norse skyrta (compare with skirt), Dutch schort, German Schürze ‘apron’, also to short; probably from a base meaning ‘short garment’.  
Example Bank:
He tucked his shirt into his pants.
He wears a crisp white shirt to the office every day.
• a footballer's shirt number

• replica football shirts with Beckham's famous number 7

stuffed shirt

ˌstuffed ˈshirt f22 [stuffed shirt]       noun (informal, disapproving)
a person who is very serious, formal or old-fashioned

• The club members are not just a bunch of stuffed shirts.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

shirt / ʃɜːt /   / ʃɝːt / noun [ C ]

A1 a piece of clothing worn, especially by men, on the upper part of the body, made of light cloth like cotton and usually having a collar and buttons at the front:

a striped/white shirt

a short-/long-sleeved shirt

You've spilled something down your shirt front.

→  See also nightshirt , sweatshirt , T-shirt

See picture clothes 2

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

shirt

ɜ:(r)t/
(shirts)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

1.
A shirt is a piece of clothing that you wear on the upper part of your body. Shirts have a collar, sleeves, and buttons down the front.
N-COUNT

2.
see also dress shirt, stuffed shirt, sweatshirt, T-shirt
 

stuffed shirt

(stuffed shirts)

If you describe someone, especially someone with an important position, as a stuffed shirt, you mean that they are extremely formal and old-fashioned. (INFORMAL)
In a pinstriped suit he instantly looked like a stuffed shirt.

N-COUNT [disapproval]

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

shirt

shirt /ˈʃɚt/ noun, pl shirts [count] : a piece of clothing for the upper body that has sleeves and usually a collar and buttons down the front - see also nightshirt, polo shirt, stuffed shirt, sweatshirt, t-shirt, undershirt
keep your shirt on informal
- used to tell someone to calm down or be more patient
• “Aren't you ready yet?” “Keep your shirt on! I'll be ready in a minute.”
lose your shirt chiefly US informal : to lose a lot of money because of a bad bet or investment
• He lost his shirt betting on football games.
• Many investors lost their shirts when the market crashed.
put your shirt on chiefly Brit informal : to bet a lot of money on (someone or something)
• I put my shirt on a horse in the second race.
the shirt off your back informal
✦People who would give you the shirt off their back would do anything to help you.
• She'd give me the shirt off her back if I ever needed help.

young

young [adjective]

a young person, plant, or animal has not lived for very long

US /jʌŋ/ 
UK /jʌŋ/ 

جوان

مثال: 

Iraj is seven years younger than I (am).

ايرج‌ هفت‌ سال‌ از من‌ جوان‌تر است‌.

a young person, plant, or animal has not lived for very long

معادل فارسی: 

جوان

مثال انگلیسی: 

Iraj is seven years younger than I (am).

ايرج‌ هفت‌ سال‌ از من‌ جوان‌تر است‌.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

adjective (younger /, youngest )
in the early part of life; not old:
They have two young children.
You're younger than me.
 opposite old

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

young

I. young1 S1 W1 /jʌŋ/ BrE AmE adjective (comparative younger, superlative youngest)
[Word Family: noun: ↑young, ↑youngster, ↑youth, ↑youthfulness; adjective: ↑young, ↑youthful; adverb: ↑youthfully]
[Language: Old English; Origin: geong]

1. a young person, plant, or animal has not lived for very long:
a young child
He’s younger than me.
You’re too young to get married.
young trees
When I was young, I wanted to be a model.
John was a great footballer in his younger days (=when he was younger).
2. a young country, organization, or type of science has existed for only a short time:
At that time, America was still a young nation.
Psychology is a young science.
3. young lady/man spoken used to speak to a girl or boy when you are angry with them:
Now, you listen to me, young man!
4. seeming or looking younger than you are SYN youthful:
Val is incredibly young for her age.
5. young at heart thinking and behaving as if you were young, even though you are old
6. 65/82/97 etc years young spoken used humorously to give the age of an old person who seems or feels much younger:
Next week, Bessie will be 84 years young.
7. designed or intended for young people:
I’m looking for something in a younger style.
8. young gun/Turk a young person who has just started doing a job or being involved in something, and is eager to achieve things or make changes
9. somebody is not getting any younger used to say that someone is no longer young, especially when they may soon be too old to do something
• • •
THESAURUS
young not old: a young man of about 22 | My dad died when I was young. | There are excellent facilities for young children. | Young people are often unable to get jobs.
small/little a small child is very young. Little sounds more informal than small, and is used especially in spoken English: They have two small children. | We used to go camping a lot when the kids were little.
teenage [only before noun] between the ages of 13 and 19: a group of teenage boys | They have three teenage children.
adolescent especially written at the age when you change from being a child into an adult – used especially when talking about the problems that young people have at this age: Sudden mood changes are common in adolescent girls. | adolescent behaviour
juvenile /ˈdʒuːvənaɪl $ -nəl, -naɪl/ [only before noun] formal connected with young people who commit crime: juvenile crime | a special prison for juvenile offenders | juvenile deliquents (=young people who commit crimes)
youthful especially written seeming young, or typical of someone who is young – often used about someone who is no longer young: a youthful 55 year old | youthful enthusiasm | Andrew still has a slim youthful look about him. | The photograph showed a youthful, smiling Rose.
junior connected with sports played by young people rather than adults: the junior championships | the junior champion
■ COLLOCATIONS CHECK
small/little child/girl/boy
teenage girl/boy/daughter/mother/pregnancy
juvenile crime/offence/court/offender/delinquent
youthful enthusiasm/energy/face/look/appearance
■ when you are young
childhood the time when you are a child, especially a young child: I had a wonderful childhood in the country. | childhood illnesses
girlhood/boyhood the time when you are a young girl or boy: The two men had been friends in boyhood. | the transition from girlhood to womanhood
youth the time when you are young, especially between about 15 and 25 when you are no longer a child: He was a great sportsman in his youth. | She revisited all the places where she had spent her youth.
adolescence the time when you are changing from being a child into an adult – used especially when you are talking about the problems people have at this age: During adolescence, boys are often lacking in self-confidence.
infancy formal the time when you are a baby: In the past, many more babies died in

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

young

young [young younger youngest] adjective, noun   [jʌŋ]    [jʌŋ] 

 

adjective (young·er   [ˈjʌŋɡə(r)]  ;   [ˈjʌŋɡər]  young·est   [ˈjʌŋɡɪst]  ;   [ˈjʌŋɡɪst]  )
1. having lived or existed for only a short time; not fully developed
young babies
a young country
Caterpillars eat the young leaves of this plant.
a young wine
The night is still young (= it has only just started).

Opp:  old
2. not yet old; not as old as others
young people
talented young football players
I am the youngest of four sisters.
In his younger days he played rugby for Wales.
I met the young Michelle Obama at Princeton.
Her grandchildren keep her young.
My son's thirteen but he's young for his age (= not as developed as other boys of the same age).
They married young (= at an early age).
My mother died young.

Opp:  old

3. consisting of young people or young children; with a low average age
• They have a young family.

• a young audience

4. suitable or appropriate for young people
Syn:  youthful
• young fashion

• The clothes she wears are much too young for her.

5. ~ man/lady/woman used to show that you are angry or annoyed with a particular young person

• I think you owe me an apology, young lady!

6. the younger used before or after a person's name to distinguish them from an older relative
the younger Kennedy
(BrE, formal) William Pitt the younger
compare  elder  at elder  adj., junior  adj. (3)
more at (have) an old head on young shoulders at  old, you're only young once at  only  adv.  
Word Origin:
Old English g(e)ong, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch jong and German jung, also to youth; from an Indo-European root shared by Latin juvenis.  
Example Bank:
He seemed quite young to have so much responsibility.
He still looks young for his age.
He's over 70, but he's young at heart.
I felt young again.
She looked young enough to be his daughter.
She still looks very young.
Fruit Fresh is a young company that is growing fast.
I met the young Bill Clinton at Oxford.
In his younger days he played rugby for Wales.
It's a young wine, not really up to drinking yet.
It's quite a young orchestra.
My son's thirteen but he's young for his age.
The composer died tragically young, just three days before her thirtieth birthday.
The night is still young.
The team is full of talented young players.
They married young.
This cottage would be perfect for a couple with a young family.
This story is about a handsome young prince who falls in love with a village girl.
Young babies need to be wrapped up warmly.
• young babies/children/animals

Idioms: getting younger  not be getting any younger  young at heart  

noun plural
1. the young young people considered as a group
• It's a movie that will appeal to the young.

• It's a book for young and old alike.

2. young animals of a particular type or that belong to a particular mother
a mother bird feeding her young  
Word Origin:
Old English g(e)ong, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch jong and German jung, also to youth; from an Indo-European root shared by Latin juvenis.  
Example Bank:
It carries its young on its back.
The females stay close to their offspring/young.
• They catch insects to feed their hungry young.

• the lion's offspring/young

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

young / jʌŋ / adjective

A1 having lived or existed for only a short time and not old:

young adults/children

His girlfriend's very young.

The trees in this part of the forest are still quite young.

Philippa is the youngest person in the family.

Angela is two years younger than Clare.

suitable for young people:

young fashion/ideas

Be honest now - do you think this dress is a bit/too young for me (= is more suitable for someone younger) ?

look young for your age

to look younger than you really are

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

young

/jʌŋ/
(younger /jʌŋgə(r)/, youngest /jʌŋgəst/)

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.

1.
A young person, animal, or plant has not lived or existed for very long and is not yet mature.
In Scotland, young people can marry at 16...
...a field of young barley...
He played with his younger brother.
old
ADJ

The young are people who are young.
The association is advising pregnant women, the very young and the elderly to avoid such foods.
N-PLURAL: the N

2.
You use young to describe a time when a person or thing was young.
In her younger days my mother had been a successful fashionwear saleswoman.
ADJ: ADJ n

3.
Someone who is young in appearance or behaviour looks or behaves as if they are young.
I was twenty-three, I suppose, and young for my age...
ADJ

4.
The young of an animal are its babies.
The hen may not be able to feed its young.
N-PLURAL

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1young /ˈjʌŋ/ adj youn·ger /ˈjʌŋgɚ/; -gest /-gəst/
1 : in an early stage of life, growth, or development : not yet old
• mothers with young children
• a lively young colt
• a young tomato plant
• He looks young for his age.
• A very nice young man/woman greeted us at the door.
Young people today have a lot of opportunities.
• He dreamed of being an artist when he was young.
• soldiers who died young
• The movie isn't suitable for young viewers.
• my younger brother
• He's still too young to buy alcohol legally.
• Our youngest daughter just started school.
• He worked as a farmhand in his younger days. [=when he was younger]
• The band members are still young at heart. [=they think and act like young people; they are active and have a lot of energy]
• “When I was young,” the man said, “the world was a different place.”
2 : recently formed, produced, started, etc.
• a young [=new] publishing company
• a young industry
• The season is still young.
• a young cheese
young wine
not getting any younger informal + humorous
- used to say that someone is getting older and may not have much more time to do something
• If we really want to see Paris, we should do it soon, We're not getting any younger, you know.
the younger
1
- used in comparing the ages of two people who are members of the same family
• He's the younger of her two brothers.
2
- used to refer to the younger of two people (such as a father and son) who have the same name
• the painters Hans Holbein the Elder and his son Hans Holbein the Younger
years young informal
- used to describe an older person's age in a way that is meant to suggest that the person still looks or feels young
• She's 60 years young today!
you're only young once
- used to say that people should enjoy themselves while they are young;

old

old [adjective] (NOT YOUNG/NEW)

someone who is old has lived for a very long time OPP young

US /oʊld/ 
UK /əʊld/ 

پير، مسن‌

مثال: 

he has gotten very old

او خيلى‌ پير شده‌ است‌.

someone who is old has lived for a very long time OPP young

معادل فارسی: 

پير، مسن‌

مثال انگلیسی: 

he has gotten very old

او خيلى‌ پير شده‌ است‌.

NOT NEW something that is old has existed or been used for a long time OPP new

معادل فارسی: 

کهنه

مثال انگلیسی: 

a pair of old shoes

یک جفت کفش کهنه

Oxford Essential Dictionary

old

 adjective (older, oldest)

1 having lived for a long time:
My grandfather is very old.
My sister is older than me.
 opposite young

2 made or bought a long time ago:
an old house
 opposite new

3 You use old to show the age of somebody or something:
He's nine years old.
How old are you?
a six-year-old boy

4 done or had before now:
My old job was more interesting than this one.
 opposite new

5 known for a long time:
Jane is an old friend – we were at school together.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

old

old S1 W1 /əʊld $ oʊld/ BrE AmE adjective (comparative older, superlative oldest)
[Language: Old English; Origin: eald]
1. NOT NEW something that is old has existed or been used for a long time OPP new:
a pair of old shoes
Some of the houses around here are very old.
one of our oldest traditions
The car’s getting old now, and things are starting to go wrong with it.
That story’s as old as the hills (=extremely old).
2.
NOT YOUNG
a) someone who is old has lived for a very long time OPP young:
an old man
a home for old people
get/grow old
I can’t run around like I used to – I must be getting old.
b) the old [plural] people who are old:
the care of the old and sick
3. AGE used to talk about how long a person or thing has lived or existed
five/ten/fifty etc years old
I can’t believe you’re nearly forty years old!
a house that’s 300 years old
How old are you?
Are you older than Sally?
You’re old enough to get your own breakfast now.
I’m not coming skating. I’m too old for that now.
five-year-old/ten-year-old etc somebody/something
a six-week-old baby
a 500-year-old sword
somebody is old enough to know better (=used to say that you think someone should behave more sensibly)
somebody is old enough to be his/her/your mother/father (=used to say that someone is too old to be having a sexual relationship with someone else)
4. THAT YOU USED TO HAVE [only before noun] your old house, job, girlfriend etc is one that you used to have SYN former:
I met up with one of my old girlfriends at the weekend.
My old car was always breaking down.
That happened when we were still in the old house.
My old boss was awful!
old flame (=someone with whom you used to have a romantic relationship)
5. FAMILIAR [only before noun] old things are things that are familiar to you because you have seen them or experienced them many times before:
It’s good to get back into the old routine.
I enjoyed seeing all the old familiar faces.
He comes out with the same old excuses every time! ⇨ it’s the same old story at ↑story(9)
6. VERY WELL KNOWN [only before noun] an old friend, enemy etc is someone you have known for a long time:
Bob’s an old friend of mine.
an old colleague
They’re old rivals.
7. the old days times in the past
in the old days
In the old days people used to fetch water from the pump.
8. the good old days/the bad old days an earlier time in your life, or in history, when things seemed better or worse than now:
We like to chat about the good old days.
9. be/feel/look like your old self to feel or look better again after you have been ill or very unhappy:
It’s good to see you looking more like your old self again.
10. any old thing/place/time etc spoken used to say that it does not matter which thing, place etc you choose:
Oh, just wear any old thing.
Phone any old time – I’m always here.
11. any old how/way spoken in an untidy or careless way:
The papers had been dumped on my desk any old how.
12. good/poor/silly old etc somebody spoken used to talk about someone you like:
Good old Keith!
You poor old thing!
13. a good old something (also a right old something British English) spoken used to talk about something you enjoy:
We had a good old talk.
14. old devil/rascal etc spoken used to talk about someone you like and admire:
You old devil! You were planning this all along!
15. old fool/bastard/bat etc spoken not polite used to talk very rudely about someone you do not like:
the stupid old cow
16. the old guard a group of people within an organization or club who do not like changes or new ideas:
He’ll never manage to persuade the old guard.
17. be an old hand (at something) to have a lot of experience of something:
I’m an old hand at this game.
18. be old before your time to look or behave like someone much older than you, especially because of difficulties in your life
19. for old times’ sake if you do something for old times’ sake, you do it to remind yourself of a happy time in the past
20. the old country especially American English the country that you were born in, but that you no longer live in, used especially to mean Europe
21. an old head on young shoulders British English a young person who seems to think and behave like an older person
22. pay/settle an old score to punish someone for something wrong that they did to you in the past
23. of/from the old school old-fashioned and believing in old ideas and customs:
a doctor of the old school
24. old wives’ tale a belief based on old ideas that are now considered to be untrue
25. of old literary from a long time ago in the past:
the knights of old
26. Old English/Old Icelandic etc an early form of English, Icelandic etc
• • •
COLLOCATIONS (for Meaning 3)
■ phrases
be 5/10/50 etc years old My dad is 45 years old.
a five-year-old/fifteen-year-old etc somebody/something a three-year-old boy
how old is …? ‘How old is your daughter?’ ‘She’s ten.’
be too old for something He was too old for military service.
be old enough to do something You’re old enough to help with the cooking.
somebody is old enough to know better (=used when you think someone should behave more sensibly) He’s old enough to know better, but he went and did it anyway!
somebody is old enough to be sb’s mother/father (=used when you think that someone is much too old to be having a relationship with another person ) Why would she want to go out with someone who was old enough to be her father?
• • •
THESAURUS
■ person
old having lived for a long time: an old man | I’m too old to learn a new language.
elderly a polite word for old: an elderly lady | a home for the elderly (=elderly people) | If you are elderly, you may be eligible for financial assistance.
aging (also ageing British English) [only before noun] becoming old: an ageing rock star | the problems of an ageing population
aged /ˈeɪdʒəd, ˈeɪdʒɪd/ [only before noun] written aged relatives are very old: aged parents | She had to look after her aged aunt.
elder brother/sister especially British English [only before noun] an older brother or sister. Elder sounds more formal than older: I have two elder brothers.
ancient [not usually before noun] informal very old – used humorously: I’ll be 30 next year – it sounds really ancient!
be getting on (in years) informal to be fairly old: He’s 60 now, so he’s getting on a bit.
be over the hill (also be past it British English) informal to be too old to do something: Everyone thinks you’re past it when you get to 40.
geriatric [only before noun] relating to medical care and treatment for old people: a geriatric hospital | geriatric patients
■ thing
old: an old car | an old Chinese saying
ancient very old – used about things that existed thousands of years ago, or things that look very old: ancient civilisations | an ancient Rolls Royce
antique antique furniture, clocks, jewellery etc are old and often valuable: an antique writing desk
age-old used about traditions, problems, or situations that have existed for a very long time: the age-old tradition of morris dancing | the age-old prejudice against women in positions of power | the age-old problem of nationalism | age-old hatreds between religious groups

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

old

old [old older oldest]   [əʊld]    [oʊld]  adjective (old·er, old·est)

 
AGE
1. be… years, months, etc. ~ of a particular age
The baby was only a few hours old.
In those days most people left school when they were only fifteen years old.
At thirty years old, he was already earning £40 000 a year.
two fourteen-year-old boys
a class for five-year-olds (= children who are five)
I didn't think she was old enough for the responsibility.
How old is this building?
• He's the oldest player in the team.

• She's much older than me.  

NOT YOUNG

2. having lived for a long time; no longer young
to get/grow old
The old man lay propped up on cushions.
She was a woman grown old before her time (= who looked older than she was).

Opp:  young

3. the old noun plural old people

• The old feel the cold more than the young.  

NOT NEW

4. having existed or been used for a long time
old habits
He always gives the same old excuses.
• This carpet's getting pretty old now.

Opp:  new

5. only before noun former; belonging to past times or a past time in your life
Things were different in the old days.
• I went back to visit my old school.

• Old and Middle English

6. only before noun used to refer to sth that has been replaced by sth else
• We had more room in our old house.

Opp:  new

7. only before noun known for a long time
She's an old friend of mine (= I have known her for a long time).
• We're old rivals.

compare  recent  

GOOD OLD/POOR OLD

8. only before noun (informal) used to show affection or a lack of respect
Good old Dad!
You poor old thing!

• I hate her, the silly old cow!

Rem: or
more at a chip off the old block at  chip  n., (there's) no fool like an old fool at  fool  n., a/the grand old agea/the grand old man (of sth) at  grand  adj., give sb the (old) heave-ho at  heave-ho, have a high old time at  high  adj., money for jam/old rope at  money, a/the ripe old age (of…) at  ripe, settle an old score at  settle  v., (you can't) teach an old dog new tricks at  teach, (as) tough as old boots at  tough  adj., be up to your (old) tricks at  trick  n.
Idioms: any old how  any old …  as old as the hills  bad old days  for old times' sake  of old  old boy/chap/man  old enough to be somebody's father  old enough to know better  old head on young shoulders  old story  old wives' tale  one of the old school  
Word Origin:
Old English ald, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch oud and German alt, from an Indo-European root meaning ‘adult’, shared by Latin alere ‘nourish’.  
Thesaurus:
old adj.
1.
He's getting old— he's 75 next year.
elderlymaturelong-lived|formal aged
Opp: young
a/an old/elderly/mature/long-lived/aged man/woman
a/an old/elderly/mature/aged gentleman/lady/couple
sb's old/elderly/aged father/mother/aunt/uncle/relative
2.
It's one of the oldest parts of the castle.
ancienthistoricantiquelong-standing
Opp: new
a/an old/ancient/historic building/monument
an old/ancient/antique chair/clock/coin
a/an old/ancient/long-standing tradition/belief/method/problem
an old/ancient custom/way/ritual/city/civilization
3.
We had more room in our old house.
formerthenex-
Opp: new
sb's old/former/then/ex-partner/boyfriend/girlfriend
a/an old/former/ex-lover/colleague/member
a/an old/former/ex-student/colony  
Synonyms:
old
elderly aged long-lived mature
These words all describe sb/sth that has lived for a long time or that usually lives for a long time.
oldhaving lived for a long time; no longer young: She's getting old— she's 75 next year.
elderly(rather formal) used as a polite word for ‘old’: She is very busy caring for two elderly relatives.
aged(formal) very old: Having aged relatives to stay in your house can be quite stressful.
long-livedhaving a long life; lasting for a long time: Everyone in my family is exceptionally long-lived.
matureused as a polite or humorous way of saying that sb is no longer young: clothes for the mature woman
a(n) old/elderly/aged/long-lived/mature man/woman
a(n) old/elderly/aged/mature gentleman/lady/couple  
Which Word?:
older / elder
The usual comparative and superlative forms of old are older and oldest: My brother is older than me. The palace is the oldest building in the city. In BrE you can also use elder and eldest when comparing the ages of people, especially members of the same family, although these words are not common in speech now. As adjectives they are only used before a noun and you cannot say ‘elder than’: my older/elder sister the elder/older of their two children I’m the eldest/oldest in the family.  
Example Bank:
Good old Dad!
He was beginning to look old.
He's a silly old fool!
He's old enough by now to manage his own affairs.
It's a funny old world.
It's a very old tradition.
It's always the same old faces.
It's one of the oldest remaining parts of the church.
It's the world's oldest surviving ship.
She was fairly old when she got married.
She's a silly old cow!
The way the young people rushed about made her feel old.
These are some of the oldest known fossil remains.
We're all getting older.
Why drink plain old water when you can have something better?
You are as old as you feel.
boring old history books
I met up with some old school friends.
It's not easy to break old habits.
She was a woman grown old before her time.
She's getting old— she's 75 next year.
These are some of the oldest trees in the world.
• Things were different in the old days.

• This carpet's getting pretty old now.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

old / əʊld /   / oʊld / adjective (NOT YOUNG/NEW)

A1 having lived or existed for many years:

an old man

We're all getting older.

I was shocked by how old he looked.

Now come on, you're old enough to tie your own shoelaces, Carlo.

I'm too old to be out clubbing every night.

a beautiful old farm house in the country

a battered old car

That's an old joke - I've heard it about a thousand times.

I think this cheese is a bit old judging by the smell of it.

too old/a bit old disapproving unsuitable because intended for older people:

Don't you think that book is a bit old for you?
 

old / əʊld /   / oʊld / adjective (WHAT AGE)

A1 used to describe or ask about someone's age:

How old is your father?

Rosie's six years old now.

It's not very dignified behaviour for a 54-year-old man.

He's a couple of years older than me.
 

old / əʊld /   / oʊld / adjective [ before noun ] (FROM THE PAST)

A2 from a period in the past:

I saw my old English teacher last time I went home.

He's bought me a smart new camera to replace my old one.

She showed me her old school.

I saw an old boyfriend of mine.

In my old job I wasn't given sick-pay.

→  Synonym former adjective
 

old / əʊld /   / oʊld / adjective (LANGUAGE)

Old English, French, etc.

describes a language when it was in an early stage in its development
 

old / əʊld /   / oʊld / adjective (VERY FAMILIAR)

A2 [ before noun ] (especially of a friend) known for a long time:

She's one of my oldest friends - we met at school.

[ before noun ] informal used before someone's name when you are referring to or talking to them, to show that you know them well and like them:

There's old Sara working away in the corner.

I hear poor old Frank's lost his job.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

old

/oʊld/
(older, oldest)

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.

1.
Someone who is old has lived for many years and is no longer young.
...a white-haired old man...
He was considered too old for the job.
= elderly
young
ADJ

The old are people who are old.
...providing a caring response for the needs of the old and the handicapped.
N-PLURAL: the N

2.
You use old to talk about how many days, weeks, months, or years someone or something has lived or existed.
He was abandoned by his father when he was three months old...
The paintings in the chapel were perhaps a thousand years old...
How old are you now?...
Bill was six years older than David.
ADJ: amount ADJ, how ADJ, as ADJ as, ADJ-compar than

3.
Something that is old has existed for a long time.
She loved the big old house...
These books must be very old.
...an old Arab proverb.
new
ADJ

4.
Something that is old is no longer in good condition because of its age or because it has been used a lot.
He took a bunch of keys from the pocket of his old corduroy trousers.
...an old toothbrush.
new
ADJ: usu ADJ n

5.
You use old to refer to something that is no longer used, that no longer exists, or that has been replaced by something else.
The old road had disappeared under grass and heather...
Although the old secret police have been abolished, the military police still exist...
ADJ: ADJ n

6.
You use old to refer to something that used to belong to you, or to a person or thing that used to have a particular role in your life.
I’ll make up the bed in your old room...
Mark was heartbroken when Jane returned to her old boyfriend.
ADJ: poss ADJ n

7.
An old friend, enemy, or rival is someone who has been your friend, enemy, or rival for a long time.
I called my old friend John Horner...
The French and English are old rivals.
ADJ: ADJ n

8.
You can use old to express affection when talking to or about someone you know. (INFORMAL)
Are you all right, old chap?...
Good old Bergen would do him the favor.
ADJ: ADJ n [feelings]

9.
You use any old to emphasize that the quality or type of something is not important. If you say that a particular thing is not any old thing, you are emphasizing how special or famous it is. (INFORMAL)
The portraits and sumptuous ornaments, and the gold clock, show that this is not just any old front room.
PHRASE: PHR n [emphasis]

10.
In the old days means in the past, before things changed.
In the old days we got a visit from the vet maybe once a year.
PHRASE: PHR with cl

11.
When people refer to the good old days, they are referring to a time in the past when they think that life was better than it is now.
He remembers the good old days when everyone in his village knew him and you could leave your door open at night.
PHRASE

12.
good old: see good
to settle an old score: see score
up to one’s old tricks: see trick

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1old /ˈoʊld/ adj old·er; -est
1 a : having lived for many years : not young
• He's an old man now.
• a little old lady
• She was helping an old [=(more politely) elderly] woman cross the street.
b
- used to talk about or ask about a person's age
• He looks old for his age. [=he looks older than he really is]
• She's older than she looks. [=she has a young appearance]
• He's dating an older woman. [=a woman who is older than he is]
• I wasn't old enough [=I was too young] to vote in the last election.
• “How old is your daughter?” “She's almost six.”
• Their oldest [=eldest] child is 18 years old.
• My sister's three years older than me.
• She lived to the ripe old age of 85.
• He joked that he was as old as the hills. [=very old]
c : having a specified age
• He's 30 years old.
• a nine-month-old baby
2 a : having existed or been in use for a long time : not new
• We rented an old black-and-white movie.
old newspapers/magazines
• a beautiful old house
• There's an old saying that good fences make good neighbors.
• an old family tradition
• a new approach to an old problem
• She wore a T-shirt and an old pair of jeans.
• I wish you would stop wearing that dirty old hat!
• The hotel was old and dingy.
• the oldest known civilization in the region
b : having existed for a specified amount of time
• The house we live in is 50 years old.
• a 400-year-old castle
3 always used before a noun
a : belonging to, used by, or known by someone in the past
• We went back to visit our old neighborhood.
• I met one of my old [=former] professors at the library.
• one of his old cars
• I made a lot less money at my old job.
• That's their old number. The new number is 555-4397.
• She is now just a shadow of her old self. [=she is not the person she was in the past]
b
- used to say that someone or something has been your friend, enemy, etc., for a long time
• I had lunch with an old friend of mine. [=a friend I have known for a very long time]
• They're old enemies.
• Spaghetti is an old favorite in our home.
4 always used before a noun : done or experienced many times
• Do we have to go through that old routine again?
• Grandpa tells the same old stories over and over again.
• When she brought up the same old argument, I just stopped listening.
5 informal
- used for emphasis after adjectives like big, good, etc.
• We had a big old party in her honor.
• You poor old thing. You must be exhausted!
Good old Joe. He's always helping people in need.
any old informal
- used to describe someone or something that is not special or specific
• I don't care where I sleep. Any old couch will do.
• She won't drink any old tea; it has to be her favorite kind.
• You'll have to park any old way [=any way] you can.
• Give me beer over champagne any old day (of the week).
chip off the old block
- see 1chip
for old times' sake
- see 1sake
old boy/chap/man/etc. Brit old-fashioned
- used to address a man
• Don't worry, old chap, it'll be all right.
- see also old boy

- see also good old boy

synonyms old, ancient, antique, and archaic describe things that existed or were used in the past. old is the most common and general of these words and can refer to either the recent past or to the distant past.
• This is one of my old sweaters.
• The neighborhood has many old houses that were built more than 200 years ago. ancient refers to things that happened or existed in the very distant past and that may or may not exist today.
• an ancient custom
• the ancient pyramids of Egypt antique refers to things, such as toys, machines, and pieces of furniture, that have been kept from the past and that are often valuable.
• She collects antique furniture. archaic refers to things, such as words or ways of behaving, that belong to a much earlier time and that are no longer used.
• The play used archaic language to convey a sense of the past.
• an archaic tradition

game

game [noun] (FUN ACTIVITY/SPORT)

an activity or sport in which people compete with each other according to agreed rules

US /ɡeɪm/ 
UK /ɡeɪm/ 

بازی

مثال: 

Bridge is a card game for four people.

بریج یک بازی کارتی برای چهار نفر است.

 

an activity or sport in which people compete with each other according to agreed rules

معادل فارسی: 

بازی

مثال انگلیسی: 

Bridge is a card game for four people.

بریج یک بازی کارتی برای چهار نفر است.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

game

 noun

1 (plural games) something you play that has rules:
Shall we have a game of football?
Let's play a game!
computer games

2 (no plural) wild animals or birds that people kill for sport or food

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

game

I. game1 S1 W1 /ɡeɪm/ BrE AmE noun
[Language: Old English; Origin: gamen]
1. ACTIVITY OR SPORT [countable]
a) an activity or sport in which people compete with each other according to agreed rules:
We used to love playing games like chess or backgammon.
b) an occasion when a game is played ⇨ match:
Did you see the game on TV last night?
a game of tennis/football etc
Would you like to have a game of tennis?
game against/with
England’s World Cup game against Holland ⇨ ball game, board game, video game, war game
2. games [plural]
a) a large organized sports event:
the Olympic Games
b) British English organized sports as a school subject or lesson SYN PE:
We have games on Thursdays.
a games lesson
3. PART OF A MATCH [countable] one of the parts into which a single match is divided, for example in tennis or bridge1(4):
Graf leads, two games to one.
4. CHILDREN [countable] a children’s activity in which they play with toys, pretend to be someone else etc
game of
a game of hide-and-seek
The boys were playing a game in the backyard.
5. SKILL sb’s game how well someone plays a particular game or sport
improve/raise your game
Liam’s taking lessons to improve his game.
the strongest aspect of his game
6. give the game away to spoil a surprise or secret by doing or saying something that lets someone guess what the secret is:
Lynn gave the game away by laughing when Kim walked in.
7. beat somebody at their own game (also play somebody at their own game British English) to beat someone or fight back against them by using the same methods that they use
8. NOT SERIOUS be a game to be something that you do to enjoy yourself rather than for a serious purpose:
It’s just a game to them. They don’t care what happens.
9. play games (with somebody)
a) to behave in a dishonest or unfair way in order to get what you want:
Are you sure he’s really interested, and not just playing silly games with you?
b) to not be serious about doing something:
We want a deal. We’re not interested in playing games.
10. ANIMALS/BIRDS [uncountable] wild animals, birds, and fish that are hunted for food, especially as a sport:
game birds ⇨ ↑big game
11. the only game in town used to say that something is the only possible choice in a situation:
The Church of England is no longer the only game in town.
12. BUSINESS [singular] informal an area of work or business:
I’ve been in this game for over ten years.
13. what’s her/your etc game? British English spoken used to ask what the true reason for someone’s behaviour is:
Reg is being very nice all of a sudden. What’s his game?
14. the game’s up spoken used to tell someone that something wrong or dishonest that they have done has been discovered:
Come out, Don. The game’s up.
15. a game of chance a game in which you risk money on the result:
Poker is a game of chance.
16. somebody got game American English informal used to say that someone is very skilful at doing something, especially a sport
17. be on the game British English informal to be a ↑prostitute
18. game on spoken said when the balance of a sports match or competition changes, and both sides suddenly have a chance of winning
19. game over informal said to emphasize that an event or activity is completely finished
20. make game of somebody old-fashioned to make fun of someone
⇨ fair game, ⇨ fun and games at fun1(5), ⇨ the name of the game at name1(10), ⇨ a mug’s game at mug1(5)
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
play a game They explained how to play the game.
see/watch a game Did you see the game last night?
have a game British English They were having a game of pool.
win/lose a game A.C. Milan won the game with a last-minute goal. | Arsenal lost the game because of a mistake by their goalkeeper.
the game is tied (=both teams or players had the same score) The game was tied 10-10 at halftime.
draw a game British English (=end the game with the same score as the opposing team or player) We played badly and were lucky to draw the game.
■ NOUN + game
a computer/video game He was up all night playing computer games.
a card game Bridge is a card game for four people.
a board/ball game board games such as Monopoly and Scrabble
a team game I wasn't very good at team games when I was at school.
a party game What's your favourite party game?
a basketball/baseball etc game He was watching a baseball game on TV.
a home game (=played at a team's own sports field) Next Saturday Liverpool have a home game against Manchester United.
an away game (=played at an opposing team's sports field) We didn't win any away games last season.
a league game (=played as part of a league competition) There's a big league game against Chelsea on Saturday.
a cup game (=played as part of a cup competition) He hopes to play in the cup game on Wednesday.
a playoff game American English (=one of a series of games played by the best teams in a competition to decide the final winner ) This is the first of their five playoff games.
a play-off game British English (=played to decide the winner after a previous game ended with both teams having equal points)
an indoor game There is a hall for indoor games and social functions.
an outdoor game Outdoor games are affected by the weather.
■ phrases
the rules of the game It's against the rules of the game to pick up the ball.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

game

 

 

game [game games gamed gaming gamer gamest] noun, adjective   [ɡeɪm]    [ɡeɪm] 

 

noun  

 

 

ACTIVITY/SPORT
1. countable an activity or a sport with rules in which people or teams compete against each other
• card games
• board games
• a game of chance/skill
ball games, such as football or tennis
• (NAmE) We're going to the ball game (= baseball  game).

 

2. countable an occasion of playing a game
• to play a game of chess
• Saturday's League game against Swansea
• Let's have a game of table tennis.

• They're in training for the big game.

3. singular sb's ~ the way in which sb plays a game
• Maguire raised his game to collect the £40 000 first prize.

• Stretching exercises can help you avoid injury and improve your game.  

 

 

SPORTS

4. games plural a large organized sports event

• the Olympic Games

5. games plural (old-fashioned, BrE) sport as a lesson or an activity at school

• I always hated games at school.  

 

 

PART OF SPORTS MATCH

6. countable a section of some games, such as tennis, which forms a unit in scoring

• two games all (= both players have won two games)  

 

 

CHILDREN'S ACTIVITY

7. countable a children's activity when they play with toys, pretend to be sb else, etc

• a game of cops and robbers  

 

 

FUN

8. countable an activity that you do to have fun

• He was playing games with the dog.  

 

 

ACTIVITY, BUSINESS

9. countable a type of activity or business
• How long have you been in this game?
• the game of politics
• I'm new to this game myself.
• Getting dirty was all part of the game to the kids.

 

 

 

SECRET PLAN

10. countable (informal) a secret and clever plan; a trick

• So that's his game (= now I know what he has been planning).  

 

 

WILD ANIMALS/BIRDS

11. uncountable wild animals or birds that people hunt for sport or food

more at beat sb at their own game at  beat  v., play (a game of) cat and mouseplay a cat-and-mouse game with sb at  cat, fun and games at  fun  n., a mug's game at  mug  n., the name of the game at  name  n., numbers game at  number  n., the rules of the game at  rule  n., have skin in the game at  skin  n., talk a good game at  talk  v., (the game is) not worth the candle at  worth  adj.  
Word Origin:
Old English gamen ‘amusement, fun’, gamenian ‘play, amuse oneself’, of Germanic origin.  
Culture:
toys and games
Most young children are given toys for their birthday or at Christmas. Many regularly spend their pocket money or allowance on smaller toys. Popular toys include building bricks such as Lego, plastic farm animals, toy cars, model railways and dressing-up costumes. Girls especially have dolls, and several sets of clothes to dress them in. Action Man figures are mainly for boys and Barbie dolls for girls. Babies are given rattles, soft cuddly toys and a teddy bear. Action figures, small plastic models of characters from television shows or films, are also popular. Some parents do not allow their children to have guns or other ‘violent’ toys because they do not want them to think it is fun to kill people.
Among traditional games that are still popular are marbles, which is played with small, coloured glass balls, board games such as snakes and ladders and ludo, card games such as Happy Families, and word games such as hangman. Board and card games are played with family or friends, but children play alone with computer games or video games.
Many children collect objects, such as shells, model animals, stamps or picture cards. In the US baseball cards, cards with a picture of a baseball player on them, are sold with bubblegum. In Britain picture cards are often given free in packets of breakfast cereal.
Children play outside with skipping ropes, bicycles, skateboards and Rollerblades™. In playgrounds there are often swings, a slide, a see-saw and a climbing frame (AmE jungle gym) to climb on. Traditional games played outside include hopscotch, a game in which children hop over squares drawn on the ground to try to pick up a stone, and tag, in which one child chases the others until he or she catches one of them and then that child has to chase the rest.
Toys are often expensive and, even if they can afford them, many parents are unwilling to spend a lot of money on something that they know their children will soon get bored with. Children want toys they see advertised on television or in comics, or toys that their friends already have. There are sometimes crazes for toys connected with characters from a film.
Few people give up toys and games completely when they become adults. Many keep their old teddy bear for sentimental reasons. There are now also executive toys, made specially for adults to keep on their desks. Many people play card games like bridge and poker, and board games such as Scrabble, Monopoly, backgammon and chess. 
Thesaurus:
game noun
1. C
• Chess is a game of skill.
sport
play/take part in a game/sport
team/competitive games/sports
2. C
• The team is in training for the big game.
especially BrE match • |BrE fixture • • tie • • test (match)
a game/match/fixture/tie/test against/between/with sb
a/an international/friendly game/match/fixture
a home game/match/fixture/tie/test
an away game/match/fixture/tie
win/lose a game/match/fixture/test/tie
Game or match? Game has a wider range of uses than match. In British English match is used to talk about individual or team sports. In American English match is used for individual sports, but game is used for team sports:
• (BrE) a football match
• (BrE, AmE) a tennis match
• a football game
• a game of football
 ¤ a match of football  
Synonyms:
interest
hobby • game • pastime
These are all words for activities that you do for pleasure in your spare time.
interest • an activity or a subject that you do or study for pleasure in your spare time: Her main interests are music and gardening.
hobby • an activity that you do for pleasure in your spare time: His hobbies include swimming and cooking.
game • a children's activity when they play with toys, pretend to be sb else, etc; an activity that you do to have fun: a game of cops and robbers ◊ He was playing games with the dog.
pastime • an activity that people do for pleasure in their spare time: Eating out is the national pastime in France.
interest, hobby or pastime?
A hobby is often more active than an interest: His main hobby is football (= he plays football) . ◊ His main interest is football (= he watches and reads about football, and may or may not play it) . Pastime is used when talking about people in general; when you are talking about yourself or an individual person it is more usual to use interest or hobby: Eating out is the national interest/hobby in France. ◊ Do you have any pastimes?
a popular interest/hobby/pastime
to have/share interests/hobbies
to take up/pursue a(n) interest/hobby 
Example Bank:
• Chicago's bid to host the Olympic Games
• Children love learning new games.
• Don't let him talk to anybody or he'll give the game away.
• He pitched a perfect game at Atlanta.
• He was unwittingly caught up in a dangerous game of lies and betrayals.
• He's hoping to be fit before next week's game with Liverpool.
• Hendry raised his game to become the champion.
• Hendry raised his game to collect the £40 000 first prize.
• How I hated team games at school!
• I realized that he had been playing a stupid game with me.
• I'll soon put an end to her silly little games.
• It's going to be a close game.
• It's hard to find indoor games for children.
• Last night he played the final game of his career.
• Lufthansa entered the game with a 25% stake in the company.
• Shall we have a game of chess?
• She's hoping to participate in the next Olympic Games.
• That girl plays a great game of bridge.
• The Olympic Games are held every four years.
• The company is developing games to play on mobile phones.
• The early stages of the game were dominated by the home team.
• The guys are in training for their big game.
• The team fought back to level the game.
• This is a good game for getting people to mix.
• To pass the time, we played a game of cards.
• Trescothick had a good game and was man of the match.
• Trevor had a good game.
• United are playing a home game this week.
• We won the first game and drew the second.
• a game of tennis
• children's party games like Musical Chairs
• competitive games in which there is always a winner and a loser
• finding good indoor games for children
• the game of life/politics
• their first League game of the season
• this week's game against the Titans
• Chess is a game of skill.
• Davenport won the opening game of the third set.
• Discipline is the rock on which the game of golf is built.
• He's levelled the second set at two games all.
• Predicting the outcome of the election is a game of chance.
• She broke Sharapova's serve in the fourth game of the third set.
• So that's his little game.
• The children invented a new game.
• The defence are coming under pressure for the first time in this game.
• Will he be available for Saturday's game against the Bears?
• ball/card/board/computer/video games

Idioms: a game  back in the game  game is up  game on  give the game away  on the game  only game in town  out of the game  play games  play somebody's game  play the game  two can play at that game  what's your game? 

Word Origin:

Old English gamen ‘amusement, fun’, gamenian ‘play, amuse oneself’, of Germanic origin.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

game / ɡeɪm / noun (FUN ACTIVITY/SPORT)

A1 [ C ] an entertaining activity or sport, especially one played by children, or the equipment needed for such an activity:

a board game

indoor/computer games

The children played a game of cops and robbers.

I told the children to put their toys and games away.

A2 [ C ] a particular competition, match, or occasion when people play a game:

a game of chess/tennis/baseball

[ C ] one part of a competition in activities such as tennis:

I won the first game, and then lost the next two.

games [ plural ] UK organized sports activities that children do at school:

the games teacher

It's games this afternoon.

an organized competition consisting of several different sports events:

the Olympic/Commonwealth Games

[ U ] the way in which a person plays a particular sport:

Susan is playing golf every day to try to improve her game.

[ S ] something that is not treated seriously:

Love is just a game to him.

Word partners for game

lose / play / win a game • a ball / board / computer / indoor / outdoor game • a game of sth

 

game / ɡeɪm / noun (ACTIVITY)

[ S ] informal an illegal or secret activity [ S ] old-fashioned informal a type of business activity:

I'm in the stocks and shares game.

on the game UK informal working as a prostitute:

She went on the game to pay for her drug habit.

US informal involved in illegal activities

Word partners for game

lose / play / win a game • a ball / board / computer / indoor / outdoor game • a game of sth

 

game / ɡeɪm / noun [ U ] (ANIMALS)

wild animals and birds that are hunted for food or sport:

game birds

Word partners for game

lose / play / win a game • a ball / board / computer / indoor / outdoor game • a game of sth

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

game

[ge͟ɪm]
 
 games
 1) N-COUNT A game is an activity or sport usually involving skill, knowledge, or chance, in which you follow fixed rules and try to win against an opponent or to solve a puzzle.
  ...the wonderful game of football.
  ...a playful game of hide-and-seek.
  ...a video game.
 2) N-COUNT A game is one particular occasion on which a game is played.
  It was the first game of the season...
  He regularly watched our games from the stands...
  We won three games against Australia.
  Syn:
  match
 3) N-COUNT A game is a part of a match, for example in tennis or bridge, consisting of a fixed number of points.
  She won six games to love in the second set.
  ...the last three points of the second game.
 4) N-PLURAL Games are an organized event in which competitions in several sports take place.
  ...the 1996 Olympic Games at Atlanta.
 5) N-PLURAL Games are organized sports activities that children do at school. [BRIT]
  At his grammar school he is remembered for being bad at games but good in debates.
  Syn:
  sport
 6) N-SING: usu poss N Someone's game is the degree of skill or the style that they use when playing a particular game.
  Once I was through the first set my game picked up.
 7) N-COUNT You can describe a situation that you do not treat seriously as a game.
  Many people regard life as a game: you win some, you lose some...
  It's a cat-and-mouse game to him, and I'm the mouse.
 8) N-COUNT: usu with supp You can use game to describe a way of behaving in which a person uses a particular plan, usually in order to gain an advantage for himself or herself.
  When the uncertainties become greater than the certainties, we end up in a game of bluff...
  Until now, the Americans have been playing a very delicate political game.
 9) N-UNCOUNT Wild animals or birds that are hunted for sport and sometimes cooked and eaten are referred to as game.
  As men who shot game for food, they were natural marksmen.
 10) ADJ-GRADED: v-link ADJ, oft ADJ to-inf, ADJ for n If you are game for something, you are willing to do something new, unusual, or risky.
  After all this time he still had new ideas and was game to try them...
  He said he's game for a similar challenge next year.
 11) → See also gamely
 12) PHRASE: V inflects If someone or something gives the game away, they reveal a secret or reveal their feelings, and this puts them at a disadvantage.
  The faces of the two conspirators gave the game away!
 13) PHRASE: v-link PHR If you are new to a particular game, you have not done a particular activity or been in a particular situation before.
  Don't forget that she's new to this game and will take a while to complete the task.
 14) PHRASE: v-link PHR If a man or woman is on the game, he or she is working as a prostitute. [BRIT, INFORMAL]
 15) PHRASE: PHR after v If you beat someone at their own game, you use the same methods that they have used, but more successfully, so that you gain an advantage over them.
  He must anticipate the maneuvers of the other lawyers and beat them at their own game...
  The police knew that to trap the killer they had to play him at his own game.
 16) PHRASE: v-link PHR If you say that something is all part of the game, you are telling someone not to be surprised or upset by something, because it is a normal part of the situation that they are in.
  For investors, risks are part of the game.
 17) PHRASE: V inflects (disapproval) If you say that someone is playing games or playing silly games, you mean that they are not treating a situation seriously and you are annoyed with them.
  This seemed to annoy Professor Steiner. `Don't play games with me' he thundered...
  From what I know of him he doesn't play silly games.
 18) PHRASE If you say that someone has raised their game, you mean that they have begun to perform better, usually because they were under pressure to do so.
  The world No. 9 had to raise his game to see off a strong challenge from Dale...
  As it expands its services around the continent, the competition it offers should force the other airlines to raise their game.
 19) PHRASE: V inflects If you say the game is up, you mean that someone's secret plans or activities have been revealed and therefore must stop because they cannot succeed.
  Some thought they would hold out until Sunday. The realists knew that the game was already up.

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1game /ˈgeɪm/ noun, pl games
1 [count]
a : a physical or mental activity or contest that has rules and that people do for pleasure
• a card game
• party games [=activities people do at parties for pleasure]
• word games [=games or puzzles that involve words]
• computer games
• poker and other gambling games
• Baseball is my favorite game. [=sport]
b : a particular occurrence of a game
• Do you want to play a game (of tennis/cards)?
• She scored a goal to tie the game.
• They won/lost the game.
• We played a few games of chess.
• That was a good game!
c : one of the games that are part of a larger contest (such as a tennis match)
• She won the first two games, but lost the set and the match.
- see also ball game, board game, fun and games, guessing game, parlor game, perfect game, return game, shell game, video game game of chance at 1chance game of skill at skill
2 games [plural]
a : playful activities
• children playing at their games
b or Games : an organized series of athletic contests specifically; : the Olympics
• Let the Games begin.
3 a [singular] : the way someone plays in a sport
• They are known to play a very rough game.
• She has a strong all-around game.
• She needs to improve her game if she wants to win the championship.
• Champions can raise/lift their game [=can play better] when they're in danger of losing.
b [count] : a skill that is used in playing a particular game or sport
• a football team with a strong running/passing game
4 [count]
a : an activity that is being compared to a game or contest
• He's a loser in the game of love. [=he is not successful in romantic relationships]
• the game of life
• They're playing a dangerous game by refusing to negotiate.
• He's trying to beat them at their own game. [=he's trying to gain an advantage over them by using the same methods that they use]
• the mating game [=the effort to find a sexual partner]
- see also waiting game, war game the name of the game at 1name
b : a type of work : a business or profession
• She's spent the last 30 years in the newspaper game.
• the money game
• the fight game [=professional boxing]
- see also war game
5 [count] : something that is not meant to be taken seriously
• Politics for her is just a game.
• Was our entire relationship just a game to you?
6 [count] : a usually dishonest or unfair plan for doing something
• I've seen through your little game and I know what you're really after!
• What's his game? [=what is his real reason for doing the things he is doing?]
✦To give the game away is to make a secret plan or activity known.
• We can't let him know anything about it. He's too likely to give the game away.
✦If the game is up, a dishonest plan or activity has been discovered and will no longer be allowed to continue.
• Okay, the game is up. [=the jig is up] We know you forged the letters.
7 [noncount] : animals that are hunted
• wild game
• small game
- often used before another noun
• a game bird/fish [=a bird or fish that may be legally hunted or caught]
• a game preserve [=an area of land in which hunting and fishing are carefully controlled]
• a game warden [=a person who makes sure that hunting and fishing laws are obeyed]
- often used figuratively
• The police aren't interested in these small-time drug dealers; they're after much bigger game.
- see also big game
ahead of the game : in a position or situation in which you are likely to succeed, win, etc.
• The company has stayed ahead of the game by meeting new government standards before they go into effect.
early/late in the game : at an early/late time in a game or sport
• She scored a goal early in the game. [=near the beginning of the game]
- often used figuratively
• It's too late in the game to change the date of the meeting. [=it's no longer reasonable to change the date; the meeting is too soon for the date to be changed]
• She got into the computer industry early in the game. [=when the industry was new]
got game
✦In informal U.S. English, someone who has got game is very good at playing a particular game or sport, such as basketball.
head/mind games : actions that are meant to confuse or upset someone in order to get an advantage
• I couldn't handle the head games that came with the job anymore.
• She's known for playing mind games with her opponents.
on the game Brit informal : working as a prostitute
• I didn't know she was on the game.
on/off your game
✦If you are on your game, you are playing a sport or game well; if you are off your game, you are playing poorly.
• She's really on her game tonight. [=she's playing very well]
• Sorry I missed that shot. I'm off my game today. [=I'm not playing as well as I usually do] These phrases are also used figuratively.
• He seemed a little off his game during the sales presentation this morning.
play games
1 : to treat someone in a dishonest or unfair way in order to get an advantage
• Stop playing games (with me) and tell me what really happened!
• I'm trying to be honest with you. I'm not interested in playing games.
2 : to behave in a way that is not serious
• Let's stop playing games and get down to business.
the only game in town : the only available, desirable, or valuable thing
• For serious home cooks, this stove is the only game in town. [=it is the only stove that serious home cooks should want to have]
• Our company is no longer the only game in town. [=we now have competition; another company/business is doing what we do]

tall

tall [adjective]

a person, building, tree etc that is tall is a greater height than normal

US /tɑːl/ 
UK /tɔːl/ 

دراز، بلند

مثال: 

We have a tall old tree in our garden.

ما در باغمون یک درخت کهنسال بلند داریم.

a person, building, tree etc that is tall is a greater height than normal

معادل فارسی: 

دراز، بلند

مثال انگلیسی: 

We have a tall old tree in our garden.

ما در باغمون یک درخت کهنسال بلند داریم.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

tall

 adjective (taller, tallest)

1 higher than other people or things:
a tall tree
Richard is taller than his brother.
 opposite short

2 You use tall to say or ask how far it is from the bottom to the top of somebody or something:
How tall are you?
She's 1.62 metres tall.
Look at the note at high.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

tall

tall S2 W2 /tɔːl $ tɒːl/ BrE AmE adjective (comparative taller, superlative tallest)
[Language: Old English; Origin: getæl 'quick, ready']
1. a person, building, tree etc that is tall is a greater height than normal:
He was young and tall.
a house surrounded by tall trees
This bush grows tall very quickly.
2. you use ‘tall’ to say or ask what the height of something or someone is
6ft/2m/12 inches etc tall
He’s only 5 feet tall.
How tall is that building?
She’s a little taller than her sister.
3. American English a tall drink contains a small amount of alcohol mixed with a large amount of a non-alcoholic drink
4. a tall order informal a request or piece of work that is almost impossible:
Finding a replacement is going to be a tall order.
5. tall story/tale a story that is so unlikely that it is difficult to believe
—tallness noun [uncountable]
stand tall at ↑stand1(39), ⇨ walk tall at ↑walk1(10)
• • •
THESAURUS
■ buildings/mountains etc
high measuring a long distance from the bottom to the top – used about mountains, walls, and buildings: the highest mountain in the world | The castle was surrounded by high walls. | a high cliff | The council told the architects the tower was too high.
tall high – used about people, trees, plants, and buildings. Tall is used especially about things that are high and narrow: tall marble columns | A cat was hiding in the tall grass. | a tall modern building
majestic especially written very impressive because of being very big and tall – used about mountains, buildings, trees, and animals: the majestic mountains of the Himalayas | The abbey is noted for its majestic arches, fine doorways and elegant windows. | The cathedral looked majestic in the evening light.
soaring [only before noun] especially written used about a building or mountain that looks extremely tall and impressive: a soaring skyscraper | the soaring towers of the palace
towering [only before noun] especially written extremely high, in a way that seems impressive but also often rather frightening: The sky was shut out by the towering walls of the prison. | towering trees
lofty [usually before noun] literary very high and impressive – used in literature: the lofty peaks in the far distance
high-rise [usually before noun] a high-rise building is a tall modern building with a lot of floors containing apartments or offices: a high-rise apartment block | He works in a high-rise office in New York.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

tall

tall [tall taller tallest]   [tɔːl]    [tɔːl]  adjective (tall·er, tall·est)
1. (of a person, building, tree, etc.) having a greater than average height
She's tall and thin.
tall chimneys
the tallest building in the world
• a tall glass of iced tea

Opp:  short

2. used to describe or ask about the height of sb/sth
How tall are you?
He's six feet tall and weighs 200 pounds.
more at great/tall oaks from little acorns grow at  oak, walk tall at  walk  v.
Idioms: a tall order  stand tall
Derived Word: tallness  
Word Origin:
late Middle English: probably from Old English getæl ‘swift, prompt’. Early senses also included ‘fine, handsome’ and ‘bold, strong, good at fighting’.  
Which Word?:
high / tall
High is used to talk about the measurement from the bottom to the top of something: The fence is over five metres high. He has climbed some of the world’s highest mountains. You also use high to describe the distance of something from the ground: How high was the plane when the engine failed?
Tall is used instead of high to talk about people: My brother’s much taller than me. Tall is also used for things that are high and narrow such as trees: She ordered cold beer in a tall glass. tall factory chimneys. Buildings can be high or tall
Example Bank:
She is quite tall for her age.
Suddenly he seemed to stand taller.
(a) tall building/tower/tree/grass
Pollutants are dispersed through tall chimneys.
• She's tall and thin with light brown hair.

• What's the tallest building in the world?

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

tall / tɔːl /   / tɑːl / adjective

A1 of more than average height, or of a particular height:

a tall girl

a tall building

He's six feet tall.

She's much taller than me.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

tall

/tɔ:l/
(taller, tallest)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

1.
Someone or something that is tall has a greater height than is normal or average.
Being tall can make you feel incredibly self-confident...
The windows overlooked a lawn of tall waving grass.
ADJ

2.
You use tall to ask or talk about the height of someone or something.
How tall are you?...
I’m only 5ft tall, and I look younger than my age...
ADJ: how ADJ, amount ADJ, as ADJ as, ADJ-compar than

3.
If something is a tall order, it is very difficult.
Financing your studies may seem like a tall order, but there is plenty of help available.
PHRASE: N inflects, v-link PHR

4.
If you say that someone walks tall, you mean that they behave in a way that shows that they have pride in themselves and in what they are doing.
PHRASE: V inflects

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

tall

tall /ˈtɑːl/ adj tall·er; -est
1 : greater in height than the average person, building, etc.
• All the children in my family grew up to be very tall.
• My mother is short but my father is fairly tall.
• The giraffe is the tallest animal.
tall trees
• the tallest [=highest] mountain
• the world's tallest building
• The drinks were served in tall glasses.
- opposite short synonyms see1high
2 always used after a noun : having a specified height
• She is five feet tall.
• The building is six stories tall. [=high]

short

short [adjective] (DISTANCE)

someone who is short is not as tall as most people OPP tall

US /ʃɔːrt/ 
UK /ʃɔːt/ 

کوتاه

مثال: 

a short man

يك‌ مرد كوتاه‌ (قد)

someone who is short is not as tall as most people OPP tall

معادل فارسی: 

کوتاه

مثال انگلیسی: 

a short man

يك‌ مرد كوتاه‌ (قد)

LENGTH/DISTANCE measuring a small amount in length or distance OPP long

معادل فارسی: 

كوتاه‌ (كم‌ درازا)

مثال انگلیسی: 

a short skirt

دامن کوتاه

Oxford Essential Dictionary

short

 adjective (shorter, shortest)

1 a small distance from one end to the other:
Her hair is very short.
We live a short distance from the beach.
 opposite long

2 less tall than most people:
I'm too short to reach the top shelf.
a short fat man
 opposite tall

3 lasting for only a little time:
The film was very short.
a short holiday
 opposite long

be short of something to not have enough of something:
I'm short of money this month.

for short as a short way of saying or writing something:
My sister's name is Deborah, but we call her 'Deb' for short.

short for something a short way of saying or writing something:
'Tom' is short for 'Thomas'.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

short

I. short1 S1 W1 /ʃɔːt $ ʃɔːrt/ BrE AmE adjective (comparative shorter, superlative shortest)
[Word Family: noun: ↑short, ↑shortage, ↑shortness, shorts, ↑shorty; verb: ↑shorten, ↑short; adverb: ↑short, ↑shortly; adjective: ↑short]
[Language: Old English; Origin: scort]
1. TIME happening or continuing for only a little time or for less time than usual OPP long:
a short meeting
Morris gave a short laugh.
a short course on business English
Winter is coming and the days are getting shorter.
I’ve only been in Brisbane a short time.
For a short while (=a short time), the city functioned as the region’s capital.
I learned a lot during my short period as a junior reporter.
Germany achieved spectacular economic success in a relatively short period of time.
They met and married within a short space of time.
I promise to keep the meeting short and sweet (=short in a way that is good, especially not talking for a long time).
For a few short weeks (=they seemed to pass very quickly), the sun shone and the fields turned gold.
2. LENGTH/DISTANCE measuring a small amount in length or distance OPP long:
a short skirt
Anita had her hair cut short.
They went by the shortest route, across the fields.
Carol’s office was only a short distance away, and she decided that she would walk there.
a short walk/flight/drive
It’s a short drive to the airport.
The hotel is only a short walk from the beach.
3. NOT TALL someone who is short is not as tall as most people OPP tall:
a short plump woman
Chris was short and stocky, with broad shoulders.
He’s a bit shorter than me.
4. BOOK/LETTER a book, letter etc that is short does not have many words or pages OPP long:
a short novel
I wrote a short note to explain. ⇨ ↑short story
5. NOT ENOUGH
a) if you are short of something, you do not have enough of it
be short (of something)
Can you lend me a couple of dollars? I’m a little short.
be short of money/cash/funds
Our libraries are short of funds.
be 5p/$10 etc short
Have you all paid me? I’m about £9 short.
I’m a bit short British English spoken (=I haven’t got much money at the moment)
somebody is not short of something British English (=they have a lot of it)
Your little girl’s not short of confidence, is she?
They’re not short of a few bob (=they are rich).
b) if something is short, there is not enough of it:
Money was short in those days.
It’s going to be difficult – time is short.
Gasoline was in short supply (=not enough of it was available) after the war.
6. be short on something to have less of something than you should have:
He’s a nice guy, but a little short on brains.
The president’s speech was long on colorful phrases but short on solutions.
7. LESS THAN a little less than a number
short of
Her time was only two seconds short of the world record.
just/a little short of something
She was just short of six feet tall.
8. short notice if something is short notice, you are told about it only a short time before it happens:
I can’t make it Friday. It’s very short notice.
at short notice British English on short notice American English:
The party was arranged at short notice.
9. in the short term/run during the period of time that is not very far into the future ⇨ short-term:
These measures may save money in the short term, but we’ll end up spending more later.
10. have a short memory if someone has a short memory, they soon forget something that has happened:
Voters have very short memories.
11. be short for something to be a shorter way of saying a name:
Her name is Alex, short for Alexandra.
12. be short of breath to be unable to breathe easily, especially because you are unhealthy:
He couldn’t walk far without getting short of breath.
13. be short with somebody to speak to someone using very few words, in a way that seems rude or unfriendly:
Sorry I was short with you on the phone this morning.
14. have a short temper/fuse to get angry very easily:
Mr Yanto, who had a very short fuse, told her to get out.
15. get/be given short shrift if you or your idea, suggestion etc is given short shrift, you are told immediately that you are wrong and are not given any attention or sympathy:
McLaren got short shrift from all the record companies when he first presented his new band to them in 1976.
16. be nothing/little short of something used to emphasize that something is very good, very surprising etc:
Her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.
The results are little short of astonishing.
17. draw/get the short straw to be given something difficult or unpleasant to do, especially when other people have been given something better:
Giles drew the short straw, and has to give us a talk this morning.
18. make short work of (doing) something to finish something quickly and easily, especially food or a job:
The kids made short work of the sandwiches.
Computers can make short work of complex calculations.
19. have/get somebody by the short and curlies (also have/get somebody by the short hairs) British English informal not polite to put someone in a situation in which they are forced to do or accept what you want:
I signed the contract – they’ve got me by the short and curlies.
20. be one ... short of a ... spoken used humorously to say that someone is a little crazy or stupid:
Lady, are you a few aces short of a deck?
He’s one sandwich short of a picnic.
21. short time British English when workers work for fewer hours than usual, because the company cannot afford to pay them their full wage:
Most of the workers were put on short time.
22. in short order formal in a short time and without delay
23. give somebody short measure British English old-fashioned to give someone less than the correct amount of something, especially in a shop
24. SOUND technical a short vowel is pronounced quickly without being emphasized, for example the sound of a in ‘cat’, e in ‘bet’, and i in ‘bit’ OPP long
—shortness noun [uncountable]:
He was suffering from shortness of breath.
Shirley was very conscious of her shortness and always wore high heels.
life’s too short at ↑life(27)
• • •
THESAURUS
■ time
short not long: I lived in Tokyo for a short time. | Smokers have a shorter life expectancy than non-smokers.
brief especially written lasting only for a short time. Brief is more formal than short, and is used especially in written English: The President will make a brief visit to Seattle today. | He coached Hingis for a brief period in the 1990s.
quick [only before noun] taking a short time to do something: I had a quick look at the map. | He had a quick shower and then went out.
short-lived lasting only for a short time – used especially when someone wishes that a good situation had been able to last for longer: short-lived success | The ceasefire was short-lived. | a short-lived romance | short-lived optimism about the economy
fleeting lasting only for an extremely short time – used especially when someone wishes that something had been able to last for longer: a fleeting visit | a fleeting smile | She caught a fleeting glimpse of him. | a fleeting moment of happiness | a fleeting thought
momentary lasting for a very short time – used especially about feelings or pauses: There was a momentary pause in the conversation. | The momentary panic ended when he found his two-year-old son waiting happily outside the store.
passing [only before noun] lasting only for a short time – used especially when people are only interested in something or mention something for a short time: passing fashions | He made only a passing reference to war. | It’s just a passing phase (=it will end soon).
ephemeral formal lasting only for a short time, and ending quickly like everything else in this world: Beauty is ephemeral. | the ephemeral nature of our existence | His wealth proved to be ephemeral.
■ person
short someone who is short is not as tall as most people: He was a short fat man.
not very tall quite short. This phrase sounds more gentle than saying that someone is short: She wasn’t very tall – maybe about 1.60 m.
small short and with a small body: My mother was a small woman. | The girl was quite small for her age (=smaller than other girls of the same age).
petite used about a woman who is attractively short and thin: She was a petite woman with blonde hair.
stocky used about a boy or man who is short, heavy, and strong: Harry was stocky and middle-aged.
dumpy short and fat: a dumpy girl with red hair
diminutive formal literary very short or small – used especially in descriptions in novels: a diminutive figure dressed in black
stubby stubby fingers or toes are short and thick: the baby’s stubby little fingers

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

short

short [short shorts shorted shorting shorter shortest] adjective, adverb, noun, verb   [ʃɔːt]    [ʃɔːrt] 

 

adjective (short·er, short·est

LENGTH/DISTANCE
1. measuring or covering a small length or distance, or a smaller length or distance than usual
He had short curly hair.
a short walk
• a short skirt

Opp:  long  

HEIGHT

2. (of a person) small in height
• She was short and dumpy.

Opp:  tall  

TIME

3. lasting or taking a small amount of time or less time than usual
I'm going to France for a short break.
Which is the shortest day of the year?
a short book (= taking a short time to read, because it does not have many pages)
She has a very short memory (= remembers only things that have happened recently).
(informal) Life's too short to sit around moping.
It was all over in a relatively short space of time.

Opp:  long

4. only before noun (of a period of time) seeming to have passed very quickly
• Just two short years ago he was the best player in the country.

Opp:  long  

NOT ENOUGH

5. not before noun ~ (of sth) not having enough of sth; lacking sth
I'm afraid I'm a little short (= of money) this month.

• She is not short of excuses when things go wrong.

6. ~ on sth (informal) lacking or not having enough of a particular quality

• He was a big strapping guy but short on brains.

7. not before noun not easily available; not supplying as much as you need

• Money was short at that time.

8. not before noun ~ (of sth) less than the number, amount or distance mentioned or needed
Her last throw was only three centimetres short of the world record.
• The team was five players short.

• She was just short of her 90th birthday when she died.  

OF BREATH

9. ~ of breath having difficulty breathing, for example because of illness

• a fat man, always short of breath  

NAME/WORD

10. ~ for sth being a shorter form of a name or word
• Call me Jo— it's short for Joanna.

• file transfer protocol or FTP for short  

RUDE

11. not before noun ~ (with sb) (of a person) speaking to sb using few words in a way that seems rude

• I'm sorry I was short with you earlier— I had other things on my mind.  

VOWEL

12. (phonetics) a short vowel is pronounced for a shorter time than other vowels
Compare the short vowel in ‘full’ and the long vowel in ‘fool’.
Opp:  long
see also  shortly 
more at draw the short straw at  draw  v., life's too short at  life  n., cut/make a long story short at  long  adj., full/short measure at  measure  n., at short notice at  notice  n., in the long/short/medium term at  term  n., (as) thick as two short planks at  thick  adj.  
Word Origin:
Old English sceort, of Germanic origin; related to shirt  and skirt.  
Thesaurus:
short adj.
1.
He was a short, fat little man.
She ran as fast as her short legs would carry her.
stubbystunted|formal diminutive|approving petite|disapproving dumpy
Opp: tall, Opp: long
a short/diminutive/petite/dumpy woman/figure
a short/diminutive man
short/stubby fingers
2.
Professor Ogawa gave a short talk on solar eclipses.
temporaryshort-livedpassing|especially written brieffleetingmomentary
Opp: long
a short/brief/passing moment
a short/temporary/brief stay
a short/brief/momentary silence/pause
Short or brief? Short is used more in informal and spoken English. Short, but not brief, is used to describe books, lists, projects, etc. that take only a short time. Brief is used more to describe a look, glance, glimpse, smile or sigh.
3. not before noun
When food was short they picked berries in the woods.
scarcein short supplylowlimitedfew and far between
Opp: plentiful
resources are short/scarce/in short supply/low/limited
food is short/scarce/in short supply
time is short/limited
Which word? Short is used especially about time and money. Scarce and in short supply are used about resources that are not generally available. Low is used especially about your supplies when you have not got much left.
4.
She kept her answers short.
briefconciseeconomicalabbreviated|approving succinctpithy|sometimes disapproving terse|usually disapproving curtbrusque
Opp: long
a/an short/brief/concise/abbreviated/succint/terse account
a short/brief/concise/succint/terse summary/answer/statement
Short or brief? A mention is usually brief; an answer is more likely to be short. Brief is used about speech:
Please be brief.
 ¤ Please be short.  
Example Bank:
His performance was woefully short of conviction.
If space is really short, that door can be moved.
It was all over in a relatively short space of time.
Mike was a bit short of cash just then.
Our team was one player short.
Safe drinking water is in desperately short supply.
Sorry I was a bit short with you earlier.
The days are getting shorter and shorter.
The interview was mercifully short.
The working week is getting shorter and shorter.
United looked woefully short of menace in attack.
We're getting short of funds.
a relatively short distance of 50 to 100 miles
a young woman whose life was cut tragically short
Call me Jo— it's short for Joanna.
He felt his time was running short.
He was a short, fat little man.
He was too short to be admitted into the army.
I'm going to France next week for a short break.
I'm slightly shorter than you.
I've only read the shorter version of the report.
It's quite a short book.
Just two short years ago he was the best player in the country.
Life's too short to sit around moping.
Money was pretty short at that time.
She has a very short memory.
Sheila waved her short stubby arms in the air.
The little boy ran as fast as his short legs could carry him.
The short answer to your query is that he has acted completely illegally.
Try to keep your sentences short.
What did he look like? Was he dark or fair? Tall or short?
When food was short they used to pick berries in the woods.
file transfer protocol or FTP for short
Idioms: brick short of a load/two sandwiches short of a picnic  caught short  come short  fall short of something  get the short end of the stick  give get short shrift  have on a short fuse  in short  in short order  in short supply  in the short run  little short of something  make short work of somebody  pull/bring somebody up short  short and sweet  short of something

Derived Word: shortness 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

short / ʃɔːt /   / ʃɔːrt / adjective (DISTANCE)

A1 small in length, distance, or height:

a short skirt

Her hair is much shorter than it used to be.

It's only a short walk to the station.

I'm quite short but my brother's very tall.

B2 describes a name that is used as a shorter form of a name:

Her name's Jo - it's short for Josephine.

Her name's Josephine, or Jo for short.

 

shortness / ˈʃɔːt.nəs /   / ˈʃɔːrt- / noun [ U ]

shortness of time

The disease may cause sweating, nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath (= difficulties in breathing) .
 

short / ʃɔːt /   / ʃɔːrt / adjective (TIME)

A1 being an amount of time that is less than average or usual:

a short film/visit

He's grown so much in such a short time.

I work much better if I take a short break every hour or so.

A2 describes books, letters, and other examples of writing that do not contain many words and do not take much time to read:

It's a very short book - you'll read it in an hour.

 

shortness / ˈʃɔːt.nəs /   / ˈʃɔːrt- / noun [ U ]

shortness of time

The disease may cause sweating, nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath (= difficulties in breathing) .
 

short / ʃɔːt /   / ʃɔːrt / adjective (LACKING)

be short (of sth ) B1 to not have enough of something:

to be short of space/time

We're a bit short of coffee - I must get some more.

The bill comes to £85, but we're £15 short.

I'm a little short (= I do not have much money) this week - could you lend me ten dollars?

short of breath unable to breathe very well, for example because you have been running or doing some type of energetic exercise:

She's always short of breath when she climbs the stairs.

be in short supply to be few or not enough in number:

Computers are in rather short supply in this office.

go short mainly UK to not have something, especially when it is something you need in order to live:

My parents didn't have much money, but they made sure we didn't go short ( of anything).

 

short / ʃɔːt /   / ʃɔːrt / adjective [ after verb ] (NOT PATIENT)

saying little but showing slight impatience or anger in the few words that you say:

I'm sorry if I was a bit short with you on the phone this morning.

 

shortness / ˈʃɔːt.nəs /   / ˈʃɔːrt- / noun [ U ]

shortness of time

The disease may cause sweating, nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath (= difficulties in breathing) .

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

short
I. ADJECTIVE AND ADVERB USES

ɔ:(r)t/

(shorter, shortest)
Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.
Please look at category 23 to see if the expression you are looking for is shown under another headword.
1.
If something is short or lasts for a short time, it does not last very long.
The announcement was made a short time ago...
How could you do it in such a short period of time?...
Kemp gave a short laugh...
We had a short meeting.
long
ADJ
2.
If you talk about a short hour, day, or year, you mean that it seems to have passed very quickly or will seem to pass very quickly.
For a few short weeks there was peace...
long
ADJ: usu ADJ n
3.
A short speech, letter, or book does not have many words or pages in it.
They were performing a short extract from Shakespeare’s Two Gentlemen of Verona...
long
ADJ: usu ADJ n
4.
Someone who is short is not as tall as most people are.
I’m tall and thin and he’s short and fat.
...a short, elderly woman with grey hair...
tall
ADJ
5.
Something that is short measures only a small amount from one end to the other.
The city centre and shops are only a short distance away...
His black hair was very short.
long
ADJ
6.
If you are short of something or if it is short, you do not have enough of it. If you are running short of something or if it is running short, you do not have much of it left.
Her father’s illness left the family short of money...
Supplies of everything are unreliable, food is short...
ADJ: v-link ADJ, usu ADJ of n
7.
If someone or something is or stops short of a place, they have not quite reached it. If they are or fall short of an amount, they have not quite achieved it.
He stopped a hundred yards short of the building...
ADJ: v-link ADJ of n
8.
Short of a particular thing means except for that thing or without actually doing that thing.
Short of climbing railings four metres high, there was no way into the garden from this road...
PREP-PHRASE: PREP n/-ing
9.
If something is cut short or stops short, it is stopped before people expect it to or before it has finished.
His glittering career was cut short by a heart attack...
ADV: ADV after v
10.
If a name or abbreviation is short for another name, it is the short version of that name.
Her friend Kes (short for Kesewa) was in tears...
‘O.O.B.E.’ is short for ‘Out Of Body Experience’.
ADJ: v-link ADJ for n
11.
If you have a short temper, you get angry very easily.
...an awkward, self-conscious woman with a short temper.
ADJ
see also short-tempered
12.
If you are short with someone, you speak briefly and rather rudely to them, because you are impatient or angry.
She seemed nervous or tense, and she was definitely short with me.
ADJ: v-link ADJ, usu ADJ with n
13.
If a person or thing is called something for short, that is the short version of their name.
Opposite me was a woman called Jasminder (Jazzy for short)...
PHRASE: usu n PHR
14.
If you go short of something, especially food, you do not have as much of it as you want or need.
Some people may manage their finances badly and therefore have to go short of essentials.
PHRASE: V inflects, oft PHR of n
15.
You use in short when you have been giving a lot of details and you want to give a conclusion or summary.
Try tennis, badminton or windsurfing. In short, anything challenging...
PHRASE: PHR with cl
16.
You use nothing short of or little short of to emphasize how great or extreme something is. For example, if you say that something is nothing short of a miracle or nothing short of disastrous, you are emphasizing that it is a miracle or it is disastrous.
The results are nothing short of magnificent...
PHRASE: v-link PHR adj/n [emphasis]
17.
If you say that someone is, for example, several cards short of a full deck or one sandwich short of a picnic, you think they are stupid, foolish, or crazy. (INFORMAL)
PHRASE: v-link PHR
18.
If someone or something is short on a particular good quality, they do not have as much of it as you think they should have.
The proposals were short on detail.
PHRASE: V inflects [disapproval]
19.
If someone stops short of doing something, they come close to doing it but do not actually do it.
He stopped short of explicitly criticizing the government...
PHRASE: V inflects, PHR -ing/n
20.
If workers are put on short time, they are asked to work fewer hours than the normal working week, because their employer can not afford to pay them a full time wage.
Workers across the country have been put on short time because of the slump in demand...
Most manufacturers have had to introduce short-time working.
PHRASE: on PHR, PHR n
21.
If something pulls you up short or brings you up short, it makes you suddenly stop what you are doing.
The name on the gate pulled me up short.
PHRASE: V inflects
22.
If you make short work of someone or something, you deal with them or defeat them very quickly. (INFORMAL)
Agassi made short work of his opponent.
PHRASE: V inflects, PHR n
23.
short of breath: see breath
at short notice: see notice
to sell someone short: see sell
to get short shrift: see shrift
to cut a long story short: see story
to draw the short straw: see straw
in short supply: see supply
in the short term: see term

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1short /ˈʃoɚt/ adj short·er; -est
1 a : extending a small distance from one end to the other end : having little length : not long
• Her hair is short. = She has short hair.
• It's just a short distance from here. = It's just a short distance away.
• the shortest rope
• One of my legs is slightly shorter than the other.
• The coat is short on him. = The coat is too short for him. [=the coat should be longer in order to fit him correctly]
b : not great in distance
• a short walk/drive/trip
• This way is shorter.
c : having little height : not tall
• He is short for his age.
• a short girl
2 a : lasting or continuing for a small amount of time : brief
• a short delay/vacation/speech
• the shortest day of the year
• Life's too short to worry about the past.
• The movie/meeting was very short.
• You have done a lot in a short space/period of time.
• a short burst of speed
• I've only lived here for a short time/while.
• It's just a short walk from here. [=you can walk there from here in a few minutes]
• She has a very short memory. [=she forgets about events, conversations, etc., soon after they happen]
b always used before a noun : seeming to pass quickly
• She has made great progress in a few short years.
• He visited for two short weeks.
3 : having few pages, items, etc.
• a short book/poem
• I have a list of things I need to do before we go, but it's pretty short.
short sentences
4 of clothing : covering only part of the arms or legs
• boys in short pants
• a shirt with short sleeves [=sleeves that end at or above the elbows]
• a short skirt [=a skirt that ends above the knees and especially several inches above the knees]
5 a : existing in less than the usual or needed amount
• We should hurry. Time is short. [=we don't have much time]
• Money has been short lately. [=I haven't had enough money lately]
• Gasoline is in short supply. [=little gasoline is available]
• (US) We can be ready on short notice. = (Brit) We can be ready at short notice. [=very quickly]
• (US) Thank you for meeting with me on such short notice. = (Brit) Thank you for meeting with me at such short notice. [=even though you did not know that I wanted to meet with you until a short time ago]
b not used before a noun : having less than what is needed : not having enough of something
• I can't pay the bill. I'm a little short (of money). [=I don't have enough money]
• The team was short (by) two players. = The team was two players short.
- often + on
short on time/food/money
• She's a little short on patience today. [=she is feeling somewhat impatient]
• He's not short on self-confidence. [=he has plenty of self-confidence]
• He was long on criticism but short on useful advice. [=he was very critical but did not give any useful advice]
c : less than - used in the phrase nothing short of to give emphasis to a statement or description
• His recovery is nothing short of a miracle. = His recovery is nothing short of miraculous. [=his recovery is a miracle; his recovery is miraculous]
d : not reaching far enough
• The throw to first base was short.
• a short throw
6 : made smaller by having part removed
• a short tax form
- often + for
• “Doc” is short for “doctor.”
• “Ben” is short for “Benjamin.”
• “www” is short for “World Wide Web.”
7 not used before a noun : talking to someone in a very brief and unfriendly way : rudely brief
• I'm sorry I was short [=abrupt, curt] with you.
8 linguistics of a vowel
- used to identify certain vowel sounds in English
• long and short vowels
• the short “a” in “bad”
• the short “e” in “bet”
• the short “i” in “sit”
• the short “o” in “hot”
• the short “u” in “but”
- compare 1long 6
a short fuse
- see 2fuse
draw the short straw
- see 1draw
fall short
- see 1fall
in short order : quickly and without delay
In short order the group set up camp.
• The papers were organized in short order.
make short work of
- see 2work
short and sweet : pleasantly brief : not lasting a long time or requiring a lot of time
• That's the way we like the meetings—short and sweet.
• I've got a few announcements, but I'll keep it short and sweet. [=I will talk for only a few minutes]
short of breath
✦If you are short of breath, it is difficult for you to breathe.
• He is overweight and gets short of breath [=out of breath] just walking to his car.
• She was short of breath and unable to talk after her run.
the short end of the stick
- see 1stick
- short·ness /ˈʃoɚtnəs/ noun [noncount]
• I was surprised by the shortness of the meeting.
• One symptom is shortness of breath.

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