doctors and health workers generally

doctor

doctor [noun] (MEDICINE)

Someone who is trained to treat people who are ill

US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ/ 
UK /ˈdɒk.tər/ 
doctor - پزشک

 

دکتر, پزشک

مثال: 

She took her son to the doctor last night.

او دیشب پسرش را پیش دکتر برد.

Someone who is trained to treat people who are ill

doctor - پزشک
معادل فارسی: 

دکتر, پزشک

مثال انگلیسی: 

She took her son to the doctor last night.

او دیشب پسرش را پیش دکتر برد.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

doctor

 noun When you write 'Doctor' as part of a person's name the short form is Dr.

1 a person whose job is to make sick people well again:
Doctor Waters sees patients every morning.

speaking
When we talk about visiting the doctor, we say go to the doctor's: If you're feeling ill you should go to the doctor's.

2 a person who has the highest degree from a university

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

doctor

I. doctor1 S1 W1 /ˈdɒktə $ ˈdɑːktər/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: doctour, from Latin doctor 'teacher', from docere 'to teach']

1. (written abbreviation Dr) someone who is trained to treat people who are ill ⇨ GP:
She was treated by her local doctor.
I’d like to make an appointment to see Dr Pugh.
the doctor’s informal (=the place where your doctor works)
‘Where’s Sandy today?’ ‘I think she’s at the doctor’s.’
2. someone who holds the highest level of degree given by a university ⇨ doctoral:
a Doctor of Law
3. be just what the doctor ordered informal to be exactly what someone needs or wants:
A 2–0 victory is just what the doctor ordered.
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
go to the doctor I’d been having bad headaches so I went to the doctor.
see a doctor (also visit a doctor American English) (=go to the doctor) Have you seen a doctor about it yet?
ask a doctor (also consult a doctor formal) If you have any of these symptoms, you should consult a doctor.
call a doctor (=telephone one, especially to ask them to come to you) His mother was very worried and called the doctor.
get a doctor (=arrange for one to come to you) In the middle of the night we decided to get the doctor.
a doctor examines somebody The doctor examined her and said she had a chest infection.
a doctor prescribes something (=writes an order for medicine for someone) My doctor prescribed a course of antibiotics.
a doctor diagnoses flu/depression etc (=says what illness someone has) The doctor diagnosed malaria.
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + doctor
a family doctor (=who treats all the members of a family) We’ve had the same family doctor for fifteen years.
sb’s local doctor (=working near where you live) You should go and see your local doctor.
a hospital doctor British English (=working in a hospital) Junior hospital doctors have to work very long hours.
• • •
THESAURUS
doctor someone who treats people who are ill, who has completed a long course of study at medical school: If you have bad chest pains, you should see a doctor.
GP British English a doctor who is trained in general medicine and who treats the people who live in a local area: My GP told me that I must lose weight.
physician /fəˈzɪʃən, fɪˈzɪʃən/ formal especially American English a doctor: the American physician, Dr James Tyler Kent
quack informal someone who pretends to be a doctor: My father felt that people practicing alternative medicine were just a bunch of quacks.
the medical profession doctors and nurses considered as a group: This view is widely accepted among the medical profession.
surgeon /ˈsɜːdʒən $ ˈsɜːr-/ a doctor who does operations in a hospital: One of the world’s top heart surgeons performed the operation.
specialist a doctor with special knowledge about a particular illness, part of the body, or type of treatment: The new drug is being tested by cancer specialists. | an eye specialist
consultant British English a very senior doctor in a hospital, with a lot of knowledge about a particular area of medicine: The consultant said that he did not think it was cancer.
paramedic someone who has been trained to treat sick or injured people, especially at the scene of an accident: Paramedics treated him for shock.
vet (also veterinarian especially American English) a doctor who treats animals: We took the cat to the vet.
paediatrician British English, pediatrician American English a doctor who treats children who are sick
gynaecologist British English, gynecologist American English a doctor who treats medical conditions and illnesses that affect women’s bodies
obstetrician a doctor who deals with the birth of children
radiographer someone whose job is to take ↑X-rays or to treat people using an X-ray machine
■ a doctor who treats mental illness
psychiatrist /saɪˈkaɪətrəst, saɪˈkaɪətrɪst $ sə-/ a doctor who is trained to treat people with mental illnesses: In order to become a psychiatrist, you first need a medical degree.
psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒəst, saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst $ -ˈkɑː-/ a scientist who studies and is trained in ↑psychology (=the study of the mind): Many psychologists believe that aggression is a learned behaviour.
shrink informal a humorous word for a ↑psychiatrist
therapist a trained person whose job is to help people with their emotional problems, especially by talking to them and asking them to talk about their feelings
■ someone who is studying to be a doctor
medical student a student who is studying medicine in order to be a doctor: James is a medical student at Edinburgh university.
intern American English a student who has almost finished studying to be a doctor, and who is working in a hospital

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

doctor

doc·tor [doctor doctors doctored doctoring] noun, verb   [ˈdɒktə(r)]    [ˈdɑːktər] 

noun (abbr. Dr)
1. a person who has been trained in medical science, whose job is to treat people who are ill/sick or injured
You'd better see a doctor about that cough.

• Doctor Staples (= as a title/form of address)

2. doctor's a place where a doctor sees patients

• an appointment at the doctor's

3. a person who has received the highest university degree
• a Doctor of Philosophy/Law

• Doctor Franks (= as a title/form of address)

4. (especially NAmE) used as a title or form of address for a dentist  
Word Origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘learned person’ and ‘Doctor of the Church’): via Old French from Latin doctor ‘teacher’ (from docere ‘teach’).  
Thesaurus:
doctor noun
1. C
I think you should go to the doctor about that cough.
surgeonparamedicnurse|BrE GP|AmE internist|informal medic|especially AmE, formal physician
see a doctor/the surgeon/a nurse/your GP/your internist/a medic/a physician
call a doctor/the paramedics/your GP/a medic/a physician
a doctor/paramedic/surgeon/GP/physician treats sb
a doctor/surgeon/GP/physician examines sb
2. doctor's C, usually sing. (especially spoken)
I have an appointment at the doctor's tomorrow.
BrE surgeryhealth centre|AmE doctor's officeclinic
at the doctor's/surgery/health centre/doctor's office/clinic 
Example Bank:
He left the hospital against doctor's orders.
The doctor advised me to rest.
The doctor will see you now.
We called the doctor immediately.
Who is your family doctor?
You should register with a doctor as soon as possible.
doctors who practise from home
Why won't he go to the doctor?
You'd better see a doctor about that cough.
• a hospital doctor

Idiom: just what the doctor ordered 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

doctor (EDUCATION) /ˈdɒk.təʳ/ US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ/
noun [C] (WRITTEN ABBREVIATION Dr)
a person who has the highest degree from a college or university

doctoral /ˈdɒk.tər.əl/ US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ-/
adjective [before noun]
a doctoral dissertation

doctorate /ˈdɒk.tər.ət/ US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ-/
noun [C]
the highest degree from a university:
She has a doctorate in physics from Norwich.

doctor (MEDICINE) /ˈdɒk.təʳ/ US /ˈdɑːk.tɚ/
noun [C]
1 (WRITTEN ABBREVIATION Dr) a person with a medical degree whose job is to treat people who are ill or hurt:
The doctor prescribed some pills.
You should see a doctor about that cough.
[as form of address] Good morning, Doctor Smith/Doctor.

2 the doctor's the place where the doctor works:
He went to the doctor's this morning for a checkup.

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

doctor

/dɒktə(r)/
(doctors, doctoring, doctored)

Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.

1.
A doctor is someone who is qualified in medicine and treats people who are ill.
Do not discontinue the treatment without consulting your doctor...
Doctor Paige will be here right after lunch to see her.
N-COUNT; N-TITLE; N-VOC

2.
A dentist or veterinarian can also be called doctor. (AM)
N-COUNT; N-TITLE; N-VOC

3.
The doctor’s is used to refer to the surgery or office where a doctor works.
I have an appointment at the doctors.
N-COUNT: usu sing, the N

4.
A doctor is someone who has been awarded the highest academic or honorary degree by a university.
He is a doctor of philosophy.
N-COUNT; N-TITLE

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1doc·tor /ˈdɑːktɚ/ noun, pl -tors [count]
✦The abbreviation Dr. is usually used in writing when doctor is being used as a title for a specific person.
• I have an appointment with Dr. Brown.
1 a : a person who is skilled in the science of medicine : a person who is trained and licensed to treat sick and injured people
• I think you should see a doctor. [=physician]
• He needed medicine but refused to go to a doctor.
• a visit to the doctor's office = a doctor's visit
• She was under doctor's orders not to return to work.
• Most of her money goes to paying doctors' bills. [=bills for visits to doctors and medical treatment]
b the doctor or the doctor's : the place where a doctor works
• I saw her at the doctor's last week.
• How long will you be at the doctor?
2 US
a : a dentist - used chiefly as a title or as a form of address
• My dentist is Dr. Smith.
b : a person who is trained to treat sick and injured animals : veterinarian
• an animal doctor
- used chiefly as a title or as a form of address
• We took our dog to Dr. Jones.
3 : a person who has the highest degree (such as a PhD) given by a university
• Most of the faculty members at this college are doctors in their fields.
• a Doctor of Philosophy
Dr. Smith, can you explain the exam requirements again?
just what the doctor ordered informal : exactly what is wanted or needed
• A day at the beach was just what the doctor ordered.

nursing

nursing [noun]

The job of being a nurse

US /ˈnɝː.sɪŋ/ 
UK /ˈnɜː.sɪŋ/ 

پرستارى

مثال: 

The School of Nursing is still taking applicants.

دانشکده پرستاری هنوز هم متقاضی می پذیرد.

The job of being a nurse

معادل فارسی: 

پرستارى

مثال انگلیسی: 

The School of Nursing is still taking applicants.

دانشکده پرستاری هنوز هم متقاضی می پذیرد.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

nursing

 noun (no plural)
the job of being a nurse:
He has decided to go into nursing when he leaves school.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

nursing

nursing /ˈnɜːsɪŋ $ ˈnɜːr-/ noun [uncountable]
  [Word Family: noun: nurse, nursery, nursing; verb: nurse]
  the job or skill of looking after people who are ill, injured, or old ⇨ nurse:
   • I’d love to go into nursing.
   • the nursing profession
   • psychiatric nursing

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

nursing

nurs·ing [nursing]   [ˈnɜːsɪŋ]    [ˈnɜːrsɪŋ]  noun uncountable

the job or skill of caring for people who are sick or injured

• a career in nursing

• nursing care

• the nursing profession

 

Example Bank:

• He is planning to follow a career in nursing.

• My grandmother lives in a nursing home.

• Representatives from the nursing profession will give a talk on their work.

nurse

nurse [nurse nurses nursed nursing] noun, verb   [nɜːs]    [nɜːrs]

noun

 

1. a person whose job is to take care of sick or injured people, usually in a hospital

• a qualified/registered nurse

• student nurses

• a male nurse

• a dental nurse (= one who helps a dentist)

• a psychiatric nurse (= one who works in a hospital for people with mental illnesses)

• Nurse Bennett

• Nurse, come quickly!

see also  charge nurse, district nurse, practical nurse, registered nurse, staff nurse

2. (also nurse·maid) (old-fashioned) (in the past) a woman or girl whose job was to take care of babies or small children in their own homes

see also  nursery nurse, wet nurse 

 

Word Origin:

late Middle English: contraction of earlier nourice, from Old French, from late Latin nutricia, feminine of Latin nutricius ‘(person) that nourishes’, from nutrix, nutric- ‘nurse’, from nutrire ‘nourish’. The verb was originally a contraction of nourish, altered under the influence of the noun.

 

More About:

gender

Ways of talking about men and women

When you are writing or speaking English it is important to use language that includes both men and women equally. Some people may be very offended if you do not.The human race

Man and mankind have traditionally been used to mean ‘all men and women’. Many people now prefer to use humanity, the human race, human beings or people.Jobs

The suffix -ess in names of occupations such as actress, hostess and waitress shows that the person doing the job is a woman. Many people now avoid these. Instead you can use actor or host, (although actress and hostess are still very common) or a neutral word, such as server for waiter and waitress.

Neutral words like assistant, worker, person or officer are now often used instead of -man or -woman in the names of jobs. For example, you can use police officer instead of policeman or policewoman, and spokesperson instead of spokesman or spokeswoman. Neutral words are very common in newspapers, on television and radio and in official writing, in both BrE and NAmE.

When talking about jobs that are traditionally done by the other sex, some people say: a male secretary/nurse/model (NOT man) or a woman/female doctor/barrister/driver. However this is now not usually used unless you need to emphasize which sex the person is, or it is still unusual for the job to be done by a man/woman: My daughter prefers to see a woman doctor. ◊ They have a male nanny for their kids. ◊ a female racing driver Pronouns

He used to be considered to cover both men and women: Everyone needs to feel he is loved. This is not now acceptable. Instead, after everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, etc. one of the plural pronouns they, them, and their is often used: Does everybody know what they want? ◊ Somebody’s left their coat here. ◊ I hope nobody’s forgotten to bring their passport with them.

Some people prefer to use he or she, his or her, or him or her in speech and writing: Everyone knows what’s best for him or herself. He/she or (s)he can also be used in writing: If in doubt, ask your doctor. He/she can give you more information. (You may find that some writers just use ‘she’.) These uses can seem awkward when they are used a lot. It is better to try to change the sentence, using a plural noun. Instead of saying: A baby cries when he or she is tired you can say Babies cry when they are tired.

 

Example Bank:

• the children's staff nurse

• a dental nurse

• a psychiatric nurse

• a qualified/registered nurse

 

verb

 

1. transitive ~ sb to care for sb who is ill/sick or injured

• He worked in a hospital for ten years nursing cancer patients.

• She nursed her daughter back to health.

• She nursed her husband devotedly through his last illness.

2. transitive ~ sth to take care of an injury or illness

• Several weeks after the match, he was still nursing a shoulder injury.

• You'd better go to bed and nurse that cold.

• (figurative) She was nursing her hurt pride.

3. transitive ~ sth (formal) to have a strong feeling or idea in your mind for a long time

Syn:  harbour

• to nurse an ambition/a grievance/a grudge

• She had been nursing a secret desire to see him again.

4. transitive ~ sth to give special care or attention to sb/sth

• to nurse tender young plants

• He nursed the car up the steep hill.

5. transitive ~ sb/sth to hold sb/sth carefully in your arms or close to your body

• He sat nursing his cup of coffee.

6. intransitive, transitive (of a woman or female animal) to feed a baby with milk from the breast

Syn:  suckle

• a nursing mother

~ sb/sth The lioness is still nursing her cubs.

compare  breastfeed

7. intransitive (of a baby) to suck milk from its mother's breast

Syn:  suckle

 

Word Origin:

late Middle English: contraction of earlier nourice, from Old French, from late Latin nutricia, feminine of Latin nutricius ‘(person) that nourishes’, from nutrix, nutric- ‘nurse’, from nutrire ‘nourish’. The verb was originally a contraction of nourish, altered under the influence of the noun.

 

Collocations:

Illnesses

Becoming ill

catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/(BrE) flu/pneumonia/a virus/(informal) a bug

get (BrE) ill/(NAmE) sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu/a migraine

come down with a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu

contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS

be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV

develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis

have a heart attack/a stroke

provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction

block/burst/rupture a blood vessel

damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon

Being ill

feel (BrE) ill/sick/nauseous/queasy

be running (BrE) a temperature/(NAmE) a fever

have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/(BrE) a high temperature/(NAmE) a fever

suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder

be laid up with/ (BrE) be in bed with a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu/a migraine

nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover

battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism

Treatments

examine a patient

diagnose a condition/disease/disorder

be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia

prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics

treat sb for cancer/depression/shock

have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer

have/be given an injection/(BrE) a flu jab/(NAmE) a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-ray

cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient

prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs

be vaccinated against the flu/(BrE) flu/the measles/(BrE) measles/polio/smallpox

enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease

 

Example Bank:

• He was nursed back to health by his devoted servant.

• He worked in a hospital for ten years, nursing cancer patients.

See also: nursemaid

nursing home

ˈnursing home [nursing home]       noun

a small private hospital, especially one where old people live and are cared for

• Eventually she had to give up her house and go into a nursing home.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

nursing / ˈnɜː.sɪŋ /   / ˈnɝː- / noun [ U ]

the job of being a nurse:

She studied nursing at Garfield Hospital.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

nursing

[nɜ͟ː(r)sɪŋ]
 N-UNCOUNT
 Nursing is the profession of looking after people who are ill.
  She had no aptitude for nursing...
  Does the nursing staff seem to care?

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

nursing

nursing noun [noncount] : the job of taking care of people who are sick, injured, or old
• She has been employed in nursing for several years now.
Nursing is difficult work.
• He went to nursing school. [=a school that trains people to be nurses]

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